Low-carbon and Energy-saving Designs Preserving Primitive Ecological Conditions——With the Planning of Ancient Banyan Park in Mengshan County,Guangxi,China as a Case Study

It was proposed that park planning should be based on local economic development,should focus on the preservation of primitive ecological conditions and the application of low-carbon and energy-saving concepts.The planning of Ancient Banyan Park in Mengshan County by following the principles of respecting local history and culture,improving functions and supporting facilities,human-centered,overall planning and all-around consideration,respecting characteristics of the local area(the planning site),satisfying operation requirements of the park,applying low-carbon and energy-saving concepts,and avoiding over-engineering,aimed at protecting natural images of the park,primitive history,culture and characteristics of the local area and providing a space for local residents' various activities.Modern aesthetic forms were combined,cultural connotation of natural environment stressed to build a landscape space system of the Ancient Banyan Park that matches well with environment of the planning site.The park was designed into 4 functional areas:sport area,fitness plaza area,garden recreational area and ancient banyan cultural area.Different functions of these subareas were taken into consideration to create conservation-minded garden landscapes which were both independent and unified.

Power generation expansion planning approach considering carbon emission constraints

Decarbonization of the power sector in China is an essential aspect of the energy transition process to achieve carbon neutrality.The power sector accounts for approximately 40%of China’s total CO_(2) emissions.Accordingly,collaborative optimization in power generation expansion planning(GEP)simultaneously considering economic,environmental,and technological concerns as carbon emissions is necessary.This paper proposes a collaborative mixedinteger linear programming optimization approach for GEP.This minimizes the power system’s operating cost to resolve emission concerns considering energy development strategies,flexible generation,and resource limitations constraints.This research further analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of current GEP techniques.Results show that the main determinants of new investment decisions are carbon emissions,reserve margins,resource availability,fuel consumption,and fuel price.The proposed optimization method is simulated and validated based on China’s power system data.Finally,this study provides policy recommendations on the flexible management of traditional power sources,the market-oriented mechanism of new energy sources,and the integration of new technology to support the attainment of carbon-neutral targets in the current energy transition process.

Low-carbon Concepts in the Planning of Residential Communities

It has become a common pursuit of designers to construct comfortable,energy-conserving,high-efficiency and natural living environment since the early 21st century.In the coming low-carbon age,the evolution of low-carbon concepts will surely bring positive influence on the present planning concepts of residential community,and meanwhile,propose higher requirements on the natural and ecological properties of residential community,such as its infrastructure construction,traffic organization,environment greening and so on.Through analyzing relevant concepts of low carbon,the authors studied the development of low-carbon concepts in "human-centered" designs,and its applications in architecture,traffic and green spaces.This study proposed that the improvement of low-carbon society could be started from the design of low-carbon residential communities,so as to satisfy the increasing ecological needs of people on living environment,and play a promotional role in facilitating the sustainable development of society.

Low-carbon generation expansion planning considering uncertainty of renewable energy at multi-time scales

With the development of carbon electricity,achieving a low-carbon economy has become a prevailing and inevitable trend.Improving low-carbon expansion generation planning is critical for carbon emission mitigation and a lowcarbon economy.In this paper,a two-layer low-carbon expansion generation planning approach considering the uncertainty of renewable energy at multiple time scales is proposed.First,renewable energy sequences considering the uncertainty in multiple time scales are generated based on the Copula function and the probability distribution of renewable energy.Second,a two-layer generation planning model considering carbon trading and carbon capture technology is established.Specifically,the upper layer model optimizes the investment decision considering the uncertainty at a monthly scale,and the lower layer one optimizes the scheduling considering the peak shaving at an hourly scale and the flexibility at a 15-minute scale.Finally,the results of different influence factors on low-carbon generation expansion planning are compared in a provincial power grid,which demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model.

Study on Low-carbon City Planning Strategies Based on Urban Greenhouse Gas Inventory

From the perspective of urban greenhouse gas inventory, this paper analyzed the composition and tendency of urban greenhouse gas inventory of Guangzhou, and compared greenhouse gas inventory of representative international cities. Taking Guangzhou Haizhu Eco-city for example, this paper from the perspective of urban-rural planning put forward the low-carbon development paths and strategies such as increasing carbon sink, industrial transformation, spatial restructuring, traffic organization, green civil engineering and resource utilization, and green building for the main carbon-emitting fields such as industry, energy supply, transport, building and waste disposal.

Exploring the “Green” Transformation Planning of Industrial Parks in the Era of Low Carbon Economy

The core function of the low carbon economy is to change the economic development trend of the whole society. It is necessary to carry out industrial transformation and upgrading according to the concept of sustainable development and to realize integrated technological innovation and efficient economic development without violating the law of ecological and environmental development. In the era of the low-carbon economy, industrial parks should solidly promote the green transformation planning process. Relying on the basic logical framework of green transformation of industrial parks, it can build a green development quality evaluation system of industrial parks and formulate a green planning mechanism and green economic cycle development model in line with the background of the low-carbon economy.

Development Trend of Energy and Key Points of Ecological Environment Protection in China's "14^(th) Five-Year Plan" Period

From the changes of total primary energy consumption and primary energy consumption structure,installed capacity and power generation of secondary energy(electricity),etc.,the development characteristics of China's energy structure in the"13^(th) Five-Year Plan"period was comprehensively studied.Combined with the complexity of the international situation,the diversification of the domestic energy system,the intelligence of the energy industry,etc.,the situation and challenges faced by China's energy development were deeply discussed in the four aspects of energy security,energy low-carbon transformation,energy system efficiency,and energy technology level.From the angle of ecological environment protection,the development of energy in the"14^(th) Five-Year Plan"period in China was analyzed,and some policies and measures were put forward.

四足机器人单自由度腿部优化设计及仿真

基于仿生原理的四足机器人是当今国内外众多学者研究的热点。针对四足机器人运动平稳性的要求,提出了一种竖直方向改进型等速运动规律和前进方向仿生运动规律相结合的无冲击足端轨迹形式,推导出分段函数表达式;针对四足机器人存在的驱动多、腿部刚度弱的情况,构思了一种由两个曲柄摇杆机构、同步带传动和一对外啮合圆柱齿轮传动组成的单自由度的新型腿部机构,并建立该机构的运动学模型,推导了其足端的坐标;综合利用遗传算法和非线性优化一般方法,以无冲击的足端轨迹的逼近度为目标,优化计算了机构各构件的最佳运动尺寸和初始位置;使用三维建模软件搭建简化的虚拟样机模型,并导入到Adams软件中进行了Trot步态仿真试验,运动效果达到了预期设计。所提出的无冲击轨迹可以为其他足式机器人的足端轨迹规划提供参考,由两个曲柄摇杆机构组成的多连杆腿部机构优化设计方法为足式机器人腿部设计提供了基础和创新思路。

面向桁架攀爬的三分支机器人步态规划方法

为解决载荷大范围在轨平稳搬运问题,设计三分支机器人面向桁架攀爬的步态规划方法,使其能够平稳搬运载荷运动到部署位置完成大型航天器组装任务。以21自由度三分支机器人为研究对象,结合桁架结构划分多种攀爬步态单元;针对每种步态单元规划了单元周期内2条攀爬分支的交替夹持顺序以及末端的夹持位姿;针对大范围桁架搬运任务,基于可夹持区域构建表征桁架表面任意两杆间可过渡性的邻接矩阵,并利用Floyd算法生成距离矩阵与路径矩阵,规划出任意两杆间的最短攀爬路径,并将路径中的桁架杆件节点序列映射为机器人可执行的步态单元序列;基于三次B样条曲线对每种步态单元周期内2条攀爬分支的末端轨迹进行规划,实现攀爬分支末端在两夹持点间的攀爬过渡。仿真实验表明:所设计的步态规划方法能够使机器人实现在不同位置关系的桁架杆件之间的过渡,从而具备到达桁架表面任意位置的能力。

不确定性视野下的人口研究与应对

在当前全球不确定性因素不断增多的背景下,深入认识人口不确定性的性质、来源及其在人口预测与政策应对中的作用显得尤为重要。研究发现,人口不确定性是人口系统的内在规定性,且在现代社会诸多不确定性因素相互交织作用下,呈现出不断增大的趋势。虽然人口不确定性无法被完全消除,但我们可以在深化不确定性认识的基础上,采取积极的应对策略,将人口不确定性的不利影响控制在可知、可控的范围内,并充分发挥不确定性在多样性创造力上的潜力。在中国人口规模巨大的现代化进程中,充分利用技术、知识和治理的优势,可以构建具有灵活性、适应性的人口及相关政策体系,促进人口高质量发展。

考虑不确定性的配电网-多综合能源系统分布式协同规划

综合能源系统的多点并网加剧了配电网规划的“维数灾害”,提出兼顾多主体利益均衡性和分析计算高效性的配电网-多综合能源系统的分布式协同规划方法。以区间数刻画系统内的源-荷不确定性,构建计及多利益主体的配电网-多综合能源系统分布式协同规划框架;考虑多源联供的低碳清洁性、综合能源系统对配电网的支撑性和多能互补性,建立考虑奖惩碳交易机制的配电网-多综合能源系统双层规划模型;采用基于最大变差分析的目标级联分析法求解含有区间不确定性和多主体耦合性的规划模型。仿真结果表明,所提方法有效降低了配电网耦合综合能源系统的复杂度,提升了系统内各利益主体的均衡性。

基于CNN–LSTM的风电场发电功率迁移预测方法

随着能源消耗的持续增长和全球气候问题的日趋严峻,以风能为代表的清洁能源装机容量正在稳步提升。为更好地消纳风电,需要准确的风电场发电功率预测为配套设施建设和未来规划制定提供有效依据。针对在缺少风电历史运行数据时预测精度较低的问题,提出一种基于卷积神经网络–长短期记忆神经网络(CNN–LSTM)的规划阶段风电场发电功率预测模型。首先,基于参考电站历史数据提取风速–风电功率实测数据点,采用3次样条插值进行风电功率曲线建模。然后,采用K–means聚类算法,根据风速–风电功率的特性关系划分参考风电场的区域类别。综合考虑风电功率与多维气象因素的特征关系和功率的时序特性,构建CNN–LSTM预测模型,提出基于功率曲线的预测结果修正方法。最后,基于某地风电场实际数据进行算例分析,并与使用标准功率曲线和未进行修正时的预测结果进行对比分析。结果表明:基于风速–风电功率特性的风电场聚类可以实现参考风电场的优化识别;所提模型预测结果优于传统标准功率曲线预测方法,基于功率曲线的修正方法进一步提升了预测效果。基于深度学习算法的规划阶段风电场发电功率迁移预测模型综合考虑了风力发电特性和多维环境因素,其有效性得到了验证,可以为提高规划阶段风电场发电功率的预测精度提供新思路。

计及共享交易机制的多微网氢储能容量规划

为了促进区域配电网新能源电力的就地消纳、解决传统储能形式难以满足由新能源间断性发电带来的长时存储需求,考虑氢储能的多能联产联储特性,提出计及共享交易机制的多类型微网共享氢储能系统容量规划方法.考虑异质性微网的多种调节需求,设计由微电网群运营商配置氢储能的多微网能源交易基本框架.考虑氢储能在共享运营时与多微网间复杂的利益交互关系,计及微网内部的电热需求响应,提出基于主从博弈的共享氢储能交易定价机制,以保证共享模式的可持续发展.对共享氢储能的容量规划进行研究,降低微电网群运营商的投资成本,保证微电网群运营商的共享收益.算例分析结果表明,利用所提的容量规划方法,能够缩短微电网群运营商的氢储能投资回收年限2.36 a.

基于GA-Q-learning算法的虚拟维修作业规划模型

针对虚拟维修环境中任务执行过程存在的不确定性和随机性问题,提出了一种基于Q学习算法的作业策略规划模型,该方法将虚拟维修过程转化为选取不同动作参与状态转移的过程。在该过程中,采用试错机制和逆向求解的方法求解动作策略规划问题,并将任务特征匹配机制和顺序约束机制作为启发机制,保证策略学习过程中持续进化可行策略;在进化过程中,将动作因子赋予概率值,并采用遗传算法(GA)进化动作因子的概率分布,避免了策略学习过程中强化早期Q值较高的动作,为求解虚拟维修的最佳作业流程提供了一种行之有效的解决方法。将该方法应用于轮式挖掘机虚拟维修训练系统中,仿真结果表明,正确的动作在作业策略迭代过程中均能够获得较高的Q值,验证了方法的可行性和实用性。

四川大学校园颜值建设策略与路径探索

校园颜值是校园功能性设施及校园环境软硬件构成的内在美和外在美的统称。四川大学校园颜值建设基础较好,但存在教学科研空间零散、教学科研与居住功能混杂、整体空间品质不高、部分区域适宜性和可达性较差、建筑风格和文化传承断裂、景观设计连续性和统一性不足、无法满足师生需求等问题。结合校园规划,在学校校园建设中探索校园颜值建设的重点策略和顶层路径,为其他校园建设提供参考。

全域旅游视角下乡村旅游规划研究——以三亚市吉阳区、天涯区为例

随着海南覆盖全岛的自由贸易港政策出台、泛珠三角经济圈建设进一步推进以及乡村振兴战略的实施,基于全域旅游的三亚建设规划迎来新机遇与新挑战。通过对三亚旅游发展现状的梳理,总结三亚在发展全域旅游层面面临着旅游产品单一、空间分布不均匀、淡旺季差异化明显的问题,以天涯、吉阳两区全域旅游建设规划为例,从“引、留、活”三方面,探索以全域旅游为抓手的三亚乡村旅游建设规划编制,以期为全域旅游背景下乡村建设规划提供参考。

基于计划行为理论的农户宅基地退出决策中的从众行为研究——来自甘肃省酒泉市肃州区638户已退出宅基地农户的证据

基于甘肃省酒泉市肃州区的638户已退出宅基地农户的调查数据,从计划行为理论视角构建从众行为模型,运用因子分析法、结构方程模型,揭示群体决策中的从众行为对宅基地退出意愿的影响,研究结果表明:(1)从众行为产生的主要原因是新住宅拥有便捷的医疗养老、交通条件等优厚福利的吸引,以及村内“领头羊”的带动和农户的集体认可度;(2)农户初始退出意愿并不强烈,表现出的从众行为相对较弱,主要是“领头羊”和村集体带动作用不够明显,对补偿福利政策宣传不够到位;(3)当村里多数人选择退出宅基地时农户的从众行为最强烈。因此,从众行为主要体现在农户通过集体认可、生产生活补偿期望、领导人能力、政策信息知晓程度这几种主要因素对宅基地退出决策产生影响,未来宅基地退出补偿政策的制定和完善需重视这些关键问题。

陕甘宁边区大生产运动中订农户计划的阻滞归因与应对策略——以《解放日报》为中心的考察

抗战时期,陕甘宁边区政府在大生产运动中曾一度将订农户计划作为推动农业生产发展的重要方法和改造散漫个体农民的重要方式,但在实践中却出现大量农民匿报虚报、敷衍应对、拒绝合作的态度和行为,阻滞了订农户计划的推行。究其原因,除基层干部不当的工作方式和方法外,个体农民所具有的传统观念和维护自身利益的考量也是不可忽视的重要因素。虽然边区政府针对问题及时作出政策举措的调整,但是仍然没有取得实质性成效,订农户计划最终不得不由全边区的普遍推行转变为小范围的自愿施行。对陕甘宁边区政府推行订农户计划这一历史事件进行深入分析和研究,对新时代党和政府制定农村政策具有启示意义。

国土空间规划体系下县域详细规划编制新路径探索与实践——以杭州市桐庐县为例

新时代国土空间规划体系重构,详细规划作为“全域统筹与共享共治”的重要载体,面临着全域覆盖难、实用性不足、刚性与弹性约束不协调等问题,以杭州市桐庐县详细规划编制为切入点,通过“一张底图”平台构建、厘清“3+X”底数、合理划分规划编制层级、规划弹性与刚性管控结合等方式,增强县域详细规划的全域性、传导性、有效性、实用性,以促进城乡融合,为国土空间规划体系下县域详细规划的完善发展提供新思路。

基于陆海统筹的海岸带地区详细规划编制探索——以深圳海洋新城为例

陆海统筹理念是一种全方位系统思维,从根本上转变了以陆看海、以陆定海的传统思维,强调统筹海域和陆域两个系统在经济、社会、文化、生态等方面协调发展。海岸带地区作为包含海域和陆域的独特空间单元,是陆海统筹最直接的空间载体。本研究基于陆海统筹理念和深圳海洋新城的规划实践,梳理海岸带地区详细规划的研究进展以及识别管控关键议题,从陆海生态保育、陆海韧性安全、陆海功能协同三个角度探索海岸带地区详细规划编制的重点内容并提出建议,为沿海城市海岸带地区详细规划编制思路和技术重点提供参考。