Influence of the Trends Robotics and Digitalisation on Ladle Slide Gate Development

The article focuses on the influence of operator and process safety and the trends of robotics and digitalisation on a ladle slide gate that was introduced to the market 6 years ago[1].After more than 50 installations,customer experience was gathered and new features were added to a system upgrade.These upgrades are related to safety,ease of operation,and low operational costs.Especially a newly introduced“open check”feature increases the confidence level of the operators and can boost performance.With growing requirements to increase safety for people and processes in the ladle preparation area and on the continuous casting floor,automation has become increasingly important in steel plants.A slide gate prototype is currently underway to launch an innovative new gate design striving for full automation.Several critical process steps are already available and successfully used in the steel plants,such as cylinder connection,slag detection integration,and ladle gate preparation area automation.Fully automated operation will be followed by digitalisation,allowing for tracking of performance,safety,and quality.This paper summarises new features available for slide gates and outlines individual initiatives towards fully automated operation and data acquisition examples of digitalisation.

Slide Gate Bricks

1 Scope This standard specifies the classification, shape, dimension, technical requirements, test methods, quality appraisal procedures, packing, marking, transportation, storage, and quality certificate of slide gate bricks.

THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY MEASUREMENTS FOR FILLING MATERIALS FOR SLIDING GATES AND THEIR EFFECTS ON FREE- TAPPING PERFORMANCE OF STEEL LADLE

The thermal conductivities of different typical species filling materials for sliding gate systems for steel ladles were measured using a hot wire technique, and the relationships between thermal conductivity and temperature were regressed. The factors affecting thermal conductivity were analyzed by using variance analysis for a perpendicular experiment. The effects of thermal conductivity on sliding gate free tapping were studied, and it was revealed that decreasing the thermal conductivity of the filling materials is beneficial in enhancing the rate of free tapping for sliding gates.

Enhanced clean steel tapping on BOF vessels with the interstop converter gate type CG series

Trends in today' s steel production show increasing demands for highly-sophisticated steel grades. Therefore,the steel industry will eventually be required to install best performing technologies to meet governmental specifications designed to significantly reduce environmental emissions.Such efforts are supported by innovative new solutions in the entire steel making process.One process that will need to be addressed is the cleanliness of the steel in the liquid steel phase,especially during the BOF-tapping process. The new converter gate(CG)(Fig.1) best supports the slide gate tapping technology for converters in terms of clean steel,productivity,yield and availability-at reduced costs. The CG gate introduces a unique feature for converter slide gates:The bottom plate can be exchanged while the gate remains mounted on the converter.This new feature allows for an increased utilisation of the refractory parts and a significant reduction of the downtime of the converter.This 'designed efficiency' is achieved with a refractory set consisting of three identical plates-two bottom plates and one slider plate-and a nozzle.A number of other improvements such as automatic cylinder coupling using the Interstop SNAP technology and a two step tensioning system have also been implemented. The new system is designed to meet minimal space requirements and therefore will adapt to most BOF shops.To perform preparation,service and maintenance work the modular CG gate can be dismounted from the converter and simultaneously replaced by a ready-to-use unit.The degree of automation for dismounting and mounting as well as for off-line preparation has been enhanced and reduces manual efforts. This paper provides a solution to the obvious trend towards efficient and controlled production of clean steel,in general,and especially at BOF shops.Moreover,it specifically describes the operational results of this innovative BOF tapping equipment at Salzgitter Flachstahl GmbH,Germany.

Brief of the technology using sliding gate for slag stopping during converter tapping in the steelmaking plant of Baoshan Iron & Steel Co.,Ltd.

The sliding gate used to stop slag during converter tapping is similar to the control of slide gate in ladle,with the sliding gate device installed outside the BOF tapping hole tip.Owing to the quick opening and closing(in 0.5 s) of the sliding gate,it can not only effectively stop the pre - slag and post - slag during converter tapping but also automatically judge and stop slag with the help of AMEPA slag detecting and PLC control technology.Currently it is regarded as the best process to stop slag during converter tapping.

基于FPGA的自滑动同步法TFT-LCD屏TCON的实现

不同厂家、不同尺寸、不同分辨率的TFT-LCD屏与时序控制器TCON的接口不同,对应不同的差分信号格式。为了适应不同屏的图像显示,需要一种可编程的时序控制器TCON。通过在FPGA芯片上采用自滑动同步法,实现了TFT-LCD屏的TCON系统。该系统从视频处理主板输出的差分信号中提取视频数据,提出通过自滑动同步法使之与同步控制信号对齐;将提取的视频数据转换为源驱动器的输入信号,即mini-LVDS或RSDS格式的差分信号,同时产生门驱动器的时序信号;由源驱动器和门驱动器输出的信号驱动TFT-LCD屏显示图像信号。为了测试TCON的性能,使用两块FPGA电路板进行实验。一块FPGA电路板实现TCON时序控制器;另一块作为TCON的输入测试信号源,用于测试所设计的TCON性能。实验结果显示,所设计的TCON能够从LVDS视频差分数据中正确解析出视频数据,并转换为屏的源驱动器和门驱动器信号,驱动TFT-LCD屏显示视频信号。通过对比分析可知,使用自滑动同步法具有资源消耗少,功耗较低等优点。

梅钢250t转炉滑板挡渣技术应用实践

介绍了上海梅山钢铁股份有限公司250 t转炉出钢挡渣工艺、滑板挡渣控制模式及滑板挡渣系统维护方法。通过采用滑板挡渣+红外下渣检测的挡渣技术,实现了出钢挡渣的全自动控制,挡渣成功率达到100%,钢包回磷质量分数降低0.0013个百分点,平均出钢口寿命提高34炉,钢铁料消耗下降3 kg/t,取得了较好的经济效益。

基于多传感器信息融合和CNN-BIGRU-Attention模型的液压防水阀故障诊断方法

在建筑工程领域,尤其是在工程搅拌设备中,涉及到复杂液压工作介质,液压防水阀往往会出现不同程度的故障。此外,恶劣的工作环境和复杂的噪声背景使得对液压防水阀的故障进行诊断变得困难。为了解决这一难题,提出了一种基于多传感器信息融合和卷积神经网络-双向门控循环单元-自注意力机制(CNN-BIGRU-Attention)模型的防水阀故障诊断方法。首先,考虑到单一传感器振动信号难以充分表达故障特征,该方法使用了3个传感器采集含噪声的振动信号,并进行了必要的预处理;其次,提取了信号的16个时域特征、5个频域特征以及3个时频域特征,并利用熵权法进行了特征融合,达到了增强特征的目的;然后,将融合的多维特征集输入到CNN-BIGRU-Attention模型中进行了特征识别;最后,利用实际的液压防水阀故障诊断实验,验证了该方法的有效性。研究结果表明:采用多传感器提取的特征更为全面,信息融合有助于捕捉更完整的隐藏数据特征,从而显著提高诊断的准确率;相较于其他特征识别方法,采用CNN-BIGRU-Attention模型的液压防水阀故障诊断准确率可分别提高6.7%、4.6%和14.2%,达到了96.86%,证明了该方法的有效性。该方法将先进的机器学习技术与实际工程应用相结合,为建筑工程问题提供了一种新颖、有效的解决方案。

基于CA-GRU的污水处理厂出水总氮浓度预测研究

为了精确预测污水处理厂出水总氮浓度,以呼玛县某污水处理厂公开监测的污水出水水质数据为样本进行了研究。提出了一种基于卷积注意-门控循环单元(CA-GRU)网络的混合模型。首先,使用时间滑动窗口,将数据转换成连续的特征图以作为输入,并从中提取抽象特征。然后,将这些特征映射到网络模型中。最后,通过门控循环单元(GRU)网络模型获得预测值。试验结果显示,CA-GRU模型的均方根误差(RMSE)为0.172,平均绝对百分比误差(MAPE)为0.010。该结果比GRU网络模型低0.108、0.016,比卷积神经网络(CNN)-GRU模型低0.027、0.005,比Attention-GRU模型低0.065、0.007。该结果表明,CA-GRU模型预测效果良好,利用CNN等模型有利于减少冗余信息的干扰。CA-GRU模型能够充分提取污水水质数据在时间和空间上的特征、更准确地预测出水水质总氮含量,具有较高的应用价值。

钢包滑动水口系统漏钢成因及控制

钢包滑动水口系统是当前连铸生产中控流的关键部件,其工作状态直接影响到连铸生产的顺利进行。然而在实际生产过程中,钢包滑动水口系统常常会出现漏钢事故。于是从操作原因、滑板机构和钢水冶炼质量三个方面对钢包滑动水口系统常见的漏钢原因进行了分析,并制定了相应的控制措施,以期为连铸安全生产提供一定的指导。

滑板式粉料调节切断阀

滑板式调节切断阀,包括阀体、调节板、滑板和阀杆。阀体内设有流道口和阀腔,调节板装配在阀腔内,并在对应介质通道的区域设有节流窗口一;滑板上开有十字型的节流窗口二。在滑板直行程位移期间,节流窗口二能与节流窗口一重叠对正。此外,在十字型节流窗口对应于滑板的直行程位移方向,底侧节流区域的轮廓型线呈渐扩曲线变化的V型,顶侧节流区域的轮廓型线呈渐扩曲线变化的倒V型。这种设计能有效解决洗涤塔、闪蒸罐等工艺中含煤粉成分的液固两相流,以及黑水压差大、冲刷和磨损严重的问题,从而减少阀门的冲刷、磨损和腐蚀。

含氮铝碳质滑动水口生产与使用

介绍含氮铝碳质滑动水口的生产过程 ,报道了其在武汉钢铁 (集团 )

铝锆炭滑板中锆莫来石分解的显微结构研究

本文从显微结构角度研究了宝钢３００ｔ钢包铝锆炭滑板使用后锆莫来石分解的情况。锆莫来石分解后氧化锆游离出来并形成（ＺｒＯ２·Ａｌ２Ｏ３）Ｃ聚集体，锆莫来石分解导致滑板结构疏松、熔损加快。

铝锆炭滑板的热化学侵蚀机理

分析了宝钢３００ｔ钢包滑板使用后的损毁情况。研究了滑板的氧化，铁、锰的氧化物及钙对滑板的化学侵蚀，提出了铝锆炭滑板的热化学侵蚀机理，并指出了滑板的发展方向。

板坯连铸机滑动水口出流特征的数学模拟(Ⅱ)

用Fluent软件研究了滑动水口滑板下方的液流回旋区域大小、水口出口主射流的出流角度、水口的有效出流面积等.结果表明,随滑板开启率(面积比)增大,滑板下方液流回旋区域的范围线性降低,在滑板开启50%～70%时,水口两侧出流角度差△θ的变化不大,以后随滑板开启率进一步增大而快速下降;水口为凸型底结构或水口出口倾角较小时,两侧出流角度差较小.在水口出口,钢液大部分由出口下部流出,且在滑板不全打开时,一侧出口有效出流面积始终大于另一侧.

以用后硅砖、黏土砖和滑板砖为原料合成莫来石

以用后Al2O3-C滑板砖、用后硅砖和用后黏土砖为原料合成莫来石,研究了原料种类(用后滑板砖+用后硅砖、用后滑板砖+用后黏土砖),Al2O3、SiO2摩尔比(3.5:2、3:2和2.5:2)和合成温度(1550、1600℃)对合成莫来石材料的相组成、显微结构和抗折强度的影响。结果表明:1)以用后滑板砖+用后硅砖或用后滑板砖+用后黏土砖为原料,在1550或1600℃保温4h均可以合成出莫来石材料。2)最适宜的合成工艺参数为:以用后滑板砖和用后黏土砖为原料,按Al2O3、SiO2摩尔比为3.5:2配料,在1600℃保温4h煅烧。3)以最适宜的工艺参数合成的试样中,主晶相莫来石的相对含量达96.3%,次晶相为少量的刚玉,无石英相存在;莫来石晶体的长径比大,彼此均匀交联,结构较为致密;试样的抗折强度达65MPa。

炼钢用滑动水口材质体系的演变

介绍了滑动水口材质体系的演变过程,即氧化物体系以及氧化物-碳和氧化物-非氧化物复合体系的发展过程。详细阐述了各材质体系的工艺特点和性能,以及原料种类、特性等对相关材质体系性能的影响。

带有外凹槽的内螺纹管接头注塑模具设计

针对管接头塑件结构和特点,设计了一副潜伏式浇口两板式塑料模具。为实现塑件外表面凹槽倒扣结构顺利脱模,设计了“斜导柱+瓣合滑块+定位弹簧”的侧抽芯机构,该机构在开模时实现侧抽芯;为实现塑件内螺纹结构顺利脱模,设计了“马达+链条+小齿轮+大齿轮”内螺纹自动脱膜机构,该机构在开模完成后由马达带动链条齿轮机构实现内螺纹抽芯。针对塑件外观质量要求高,产品结构为中空圆筒形式,模具脱模机构采用推板推出。重点研究了模具的浇注系统设计、成型零部件设计、“斜导柱+瓣合滑块+定位弹簧”的侧抽芯机构设计及内螺纹自动脱机构设计等。模具工作顺畅可靠,成型制品符合质量要求,实践表明,模具结构合理。

碳源对不烧Al2O3-Al-C质滑板强度的影响

研究土状石墨、鳞片石墨、炭黑和高温沥青4种炭素材料对不烧Al2O3-Al-C质滑板热处理后强度的影响,借助X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜和能谱仪等分析了试样的物相变化和微观结构。结果表明,碳源的引入可以大幅提高不烧Al2O3-Al-C质滑板材料在1100℃下热处理后的常温抗折强度,但降低了其在1600℃下热处理后的抗折强度;不同种类碳源将对试样的抗折强度产生不同程度的影响,这主要与试样内部生成的物相种类、含量和形貌有关。

平板闸门液压自动锁定梁的开发与应用

通过对平板闸门运行状况的分析,根据现场运行要求和现场实际情况,研究开发了"液压-滑道-行程开关"式锁定梁自动投退装置,实现了远方启停操作和运行状态监视,现场运行效果良好。对装置设计的关键点进行了分析,为实现平板闸门自动化操作提供了借鉴经验,为提高闸门启闭机运行的可靠性和运行人员工作的安全性提供了一定的保障,该装置具有良好的推广价值。