Prospects for green steelmaking technology with low carbon emissions in China

The steel industry is a major source of CO_(2) emissions,and thus,the mitigation of carbon emissions is the most pressing challenge in this sector.In this paper,international environmental governance in the steel industry is reviewed,and the current state of development of low-carbon technologies is discussed.Additionally,low-carbon pathways for the steel industry at the current time are proposed,emphasizing prevention and treatment strategies.Furthermore,the prospects of low-carbon technologies are explored from the perspective of transitioning the energy structure to a“carbon-electricity-hydrogen”relationship.Overall,steel enterprises should adopt hydrogen-rich metallurgical technologies that are compatible with current needs and process flows in the short term,based on the carbon substitution with hydrogen(prevention)and the CCU(CO_(2) capture and utilization)concepts(treatment).Additionally,the capture and utilization of CO_(2) for steelmaking,which can assist in achieving short-term emission reduction targets but is not a long-term solution,is discussed.In conclusion,in the long term,the carbon metallurgical process should be gradually supplanted by a hydrogen-electric synergistic approach,thus transforming the energy structure of existing steelmaking processes and attaining near-zero carbon emission steelmaking technology.

Risk preferences and the low-carbon agricultural technology adoption:Evidence from rice production in China

Climate change which is mainly caused by carbon emissions is a global problem affecting the economic development and well-being of human society.Low-carbon agriculture is of particular significance in slowing down global warming and reaching the goal of“carbon peak and carbon neutrality”.Therefore,taking straw incorporation as an example,this paper aims to investigate the impact of risk preferences on farmers’low-carbon agricultural technology(LCAT)adoption.Based on a two-phase micro-survey data of 1038 rice farmers in Jiangsu,Jiangxi,and Hunan provinces,this paper uses experimental economics methods to measure farmers’risk aversion and loss aversion to obtain the real risk preferences information of the farmers.We also explore the data to examine the actual LCAT adoption behavior of farmers.The results revealed that both risk aversion and loss aversion significantly inhibit farmers’LCAT adoption:more risk-averse or more loss-averse farmers are less likely to adopt LCAT.It is further found that crop insurance,farm scale and governmental regulations can alleviate the negative impact of risk aversion and loss aversion on farmers’LCAT adoption.Therefore,we propose that local governments need to promote low-carbon agricultural development by propagating the benefits of LCAT,extending crop insurance,promoting appropriate scale operations,and strengthening governmental regulations to promote farmers’LCAT adoption.

Low-carbon technology innovation responding to climate change from the perspective of spatial spillover effects

China's technological efforts to tackle climate change have lasted for many years. It is necessary to test the effect of these efforts with quantitative method. To be exact, whether and how China's low-carbon technology innovation responds to climate change should be tested. Based on the2004-2015 panel data of 30 provinces in China, we use the method of ESDA analyzing the spatial correlation of China's low-carbon innovation technology. Furthermore, we use the spatial Durbin model empirically analyzing the spatial spillover effects. The results obtained are as follows: first,supply and demand of Chinese low-carbon innovation has some deviation in the spatial distribution. The low-carbon technology innovation as the supply factor shows the characteristics of expanding from the east to the west. Innovation in eastern China has always been the most active, but innovative activities in the middle and western China are gradually decreased.However, carbon emissions have the characteristics of moving westward, implying the change of technology demand different from technology supply. Second, China's low-carbon innovation actively responds to the trend of climate change, indicating China's technological efforts have paid off. However, the spatial spillover effects are not significant, showing that the efforts in each region of China still work for himself. Third, environmental regulation and market pull are important factors for low-carbon technology innovation. Among them, both supporting policy and inhibitory policy have significant impact on the local low-carbon technology innovation, but no significant spatial spillover effects. It shows that environmental policies in different regions are competitive and lack of demonstration effects. Economic growth and export as market pull have higher level of effect on low-carbon technology innovation for both local and adjacent areas.Some policy implications are proposed based on these results finally.

Spatial Heterogeneity of Agricultural Science and Technology Parks Technology Diffusion: A Case Study of Yangling ASTP

Agricultural science and technology parks(ASTPs) represent an important growth pole in China’s agricultural modernization.Clarifying their diffusion laws can optimize the technological diffusion process and improve its efficiency. Our study uses disaggregated spatial information in its model to analyze ASTP technology diffusion in a heterogeneous space. We constructed a comprehensive index system to evaluate the diffusion environmental quality and introduced the heterogeneous diffusion equation to calculate the technological diffusion probability. We applied this framework to a real-world scenario: the apple planting technology diffusion of the Yangling ASTP in the Loess Plateau, China. The results indicated: (1)the technological diffusion environment of the Loess Plateau advantageous apple producing area showed strong spatial heterogeneity caused by climate, topography, and external transportation links.(2) Under the combined effects of distance and spatial heterogeneity, the spatial diffusion pattern of the Yangling ASTP apple technology was expansion diffusion supplemented by hierarchical diffusion and banded diffusion, and (3) ASTP technology diffusion showed a strong distance attenuation effect, and the frictional effect of distance can be decreased by improving the diffusion environmental quality. These laws can promote regional balanced ASTP-driven development.

Research Progress on the Development of Modern Agricultural Science and Technology Park

This paper summarizes the typical models,construction theory and development status of modern agricultural science and technology parks at home and abroad,in order to provide a reference for the sustainable development of modern agricultural science and technology parks in China.It is found that at present,the agricultural science and technology park in China is in the stage of quantitative development,neglecting the qualitative construction of the park.This paper points out that the balanced relationship among ecology,economy and society should be adjusted to promote the sustainable development of the park.

Evaluation for Innovation Ability of National Agricultural Science and Technology Parks in Jiangxi Province

Innovative ability is an important indicator for judging the effectiveness of the national agricultural science and technology park construction. Based on the statistical data of four national agricultural science and technology parks built in Jiangxi Province, this paper constructs an evaluation system consisting of three first-level indicators, eight second-level indicators and 24 three-level indicators. Based on the combined weighting method, the comprehensive scores of the innovation capabilities of the parks are obtained. It is found that the gap in innovation capability of each park is wide, and the radiation-driven function has not yet appeared. It is necessary to promote the improvement of innovation capabilities by promoting the synergy and innovation of agricultural science and technology in the park, encouraging the park to construct agricultural technology business incubators, and building and improving innovation platforms.

Discussion on low-carbon economy and low-carbon building technology

The paper introduced low-carbon economy and low-carbon technology, and proposed the de-tailed technical measures of low-carbon build-ing technology. Moreover, it has quantitatively calculated the “implicit” CO2 emission of C40 and C50 concrete columns, aluminium curtain wall, wall paintings and common floor decora-tion materials. The calculation results show that it is preferable to use high strength concrete, reduce the usage of aluminium materials and use wooden floor according to location. The paper can be a reference for quantitative meas-urement to the low-carbon technology and en-ergy efficiency.

Safeguard Measures for the Development of Agricultural Science and Technology Parks

Healthy development of agricultural science and technology parks needs perfect operation mechanism. On the basis of current situations,this paper came up with several safeguard measures for improving the operation mechanism of agricultural science and technology parks,mainly including organization operation mechanism,technological guarantee mechanism,fund guarantee mechanism,and talent guarantee mechanism.

Practice and Exploration of Leisure Agriculture Construction in Inner Mongolia Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Science andTechnology Park

This article introduces the basic information about Inner Mongolia Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Science and Technology Park, and the practice concerning leisure agriculture; summarizes the experience obtained. Finally, some ideas are put forth for further construction and development of leisure agriculture in science and technology park as follows: making unified layout and rational planning; integrating the local tourism resources, to establish the system of leisure agriculture; creating features of leisure agriculture in the park; establishing the brand of leisure-oriented training base in science and technology park; carrying out exploration into operation mode of leisure agriculture in the park.

Interpretation of Low-carbon City Planning and Design——A Case Study of Gaochun Zijin Science and Technology Special Community

It is an important and unique approach of achieving sustainable urban development to save and use energy intensively, reduce carbon emission, and take the low-carbon development road. Taking Gaochun Zijin Science and Technology Special Community for example, this paper introduced planning measures for building a low-carbon city, including building a green network, compound utilization of urban spaces, establishing green transportation, using renewable resources, development of green architecture, so as to provide references for the future researches on the low-carbon urban development.

Research on Incentive Mechanism and Analysis of the Obstacles in the Application of Low-carbon Logistics Technology

Low-carbon logistics technology is a modem technology with green environmental protection concept as the core, which can effectively reduce the carbon emissions of all links in logistics activities, and thus achieve the goal of maximizing the use of resources and reducing environmental pollution. With the deepening of the concept of environmental protection, the application of low-carbon logistics technology is not only an inevitable choice for adapting to social development and responding to environmental protection slogans, but also an inevitable choice for the logistics industry to achieve sustainable development goals. Based on the brief introduction of low-carbon logistics technology, this paper analyzes the main obstacles of the application of the technology, and proposes corresponding incentive mechanism according to the obstacle factors, aiming at alleviating the resistance in the practical application of low-carbon logistics technology and promoting the realization of low-carbon logistics development.

Energy-Saving Construction Technologies for Buildings

The development of the construction industry is shifting towards low-carbon construction,so it is necessary to improve and optimize related construction concepts,methods,and processes.By improving resource and energy control efficiency in building projects,minimizing construction waste,and reducing environmental impact,a foundation for the sustainable development of the industry can be established.This paper mainly analyzes the significance of low-carbon energy-saving construction technology and the control factors of construction,summarizes the status quo of the development of building energy-saving construction,and puts forward strategies for applying building energy-saving construction technology.These strategies serve to achieve low-carbon and energy-saving goals to promote the healthy development of energy-saving construction.

On Innovation of Coordinative Development Mechanism of Science and Technology Park with Surrounding Areas under Promotion of the Government——Case Study on Three Science and Technology Park in Dongguan

Science and Technology Park, which plays a very important role in promoting rapid development of regional economy, has enjoyed various preferential policies in its unique development since China’s reform and opening up, which oppositely shows that the government has overlooked development outside the park and resulted in negative competition between the science and technology park and surrounding areas in resources and industry development, etc. Therefore, it is necessary and urgent to overcome the existing obstacles against coordinative development between the park and surrounding areas, to explore paths where the two can development coordinately and to achieve new breakthrough and innovation in coordinative development in subject, object, platform and mechanism.

Library's industrial technology information service in science parks—Taking NSL's practice as an example

Purpose:The purpose of this paper is to explore how libraries can develop service and product strategies and the service support mechanism to provide industrial technology information service in science parks.Design/methodology/approach:The analysis is based on a case study of a large Chinese research library,National Science Library(NSL),the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS),in serving high-tech companies in Zhongguancun Science Park(Z-Park).Findings:NSL’s practices suggested that in serving business clients,libraries’ product and service strategies should be based on the understanding of users’ needs.Aside from those services that have been recognized by clients such as document retrieval & delivery and novelty search,libraries may expand their service and provide in-depth information analysis and consultation for some key clients.Moreover,a service and product development system should be established,which differentiates the libraries’ products and services from those of their competitors.In providing industrial technology information service,libraries need to construct the service support mechanism,publicize their service and learn to cooperate with clients to meet their demands for knowledge management and innovation.Research limitations:The generalizability of the findings is limited because they are based on an individual case study.Practical implications:Our service practices provide useful information for other libraries to expand their information service to high-tech companies in the new information environment.Originality/value:Z-Park is the first and one of the largest science and technology parks in China.Hence NSL’s practices in serving high-tech companies in Z-Park can be valuable to other libraries that intend to take up the similar service.

Operating Experience of Country’s Agricultural Science and Technological Park

Through the analysis of the operation of China’s agricultural science technological and development process, the paper summed up the basic experience of agricultural science technological park and operation mode, in order to run at all levels of agricultural science technological park of science and regional some beneficial references for the development of agricultural economy.

Research on the Development of Low-carbon Industry Based on Technological Innovation Mechanism:A Case Study of Ethnic Regions

Technological innovation and technological innovation system were introduced firstly,and then low-carbon economy and low-carbon industry were analyzed. Finally,the SWOT analysis of development of low-carbon industry in ethnic areas of China was conducted,and the innovation mechanism and path selection for the development of low-carbon industry in ethnic areas were analyzed.

An Intelligent Control Method for the Low-Carbon Operation of Energy-Intensive Equipment

Based on an analysis of the operational control behavior of operation experts on energy-intensive equipment,this paper proposes an intelligent control method for low-carbon operation by combining mechanism analysis with deep learning,linking control and optimization with prediction,and integrating decision-making with control.This method,which consists of setpoint control,self-optimized tuning,and tracking control,ensures that the energy consumption per tonne is as low as possible,while remaining within the target range.An intelligent control system for low-carbon operation is developed by adopting the end-edge-cloud collaboration technology of the Industrial Internet.The system is successfully applied to a fused magnesium furnace and achieves remarkable results in reducing carbon emissions.

基于地理信息技术的山地城市社区体育文化公园空间分布分析——以重庆市为例

社区体育文化公园作为居民身心健康发展的重要场域,研究其空间分布及影响因素具有重要意义。文章以具有典型山地城市特征的重庆市为例,运用核密度估算法、最小阻抗法、空间插值法和地理探测器对重庆92个社区体育文化公园进行深入分析。研究发现:重庆市社区体育文化公园主要分布在渝中、渝北、南岸、巴南西部临江一带,总体分布与城市发展具有耦合性,其空间分布主要受交通可达性、房价、人口密度和地势等因素影响,其中交通可达性和房价影响较大,人口密度和地势次之。文章提出以区域发展水平为着力点,建设多层级社区体育文化公园;秉持“以人为本”的核心理念,建设“亲民”社区体育文化公园;以山地城市独有的城市形态,丰富社区体育文化公园内部空间结构等优化配置建议,为社区体育文化公园的规划提供重要参考。

横琴科技园区的空间组织特征研究

在我国实施创新驱动发展战略的背景下,科技创新能力成为城市发展的核心竞争力,而科技园区作为城市创新活动集聚的新形态,已成为城市规划与建设的重要内容。因此,探讨横琴科技园区的空间组织,有利于揭示其创新生态的特征及驱动因素,可为科技园区的生态建设和可持续发展提供参考。文章以横琴科技园区的“横琴科学城、横琴国际科技创新中心、粤澳合作中医药科技产业园、横琴科技城”为样本案例,以主成分分析法对原始数据进行选取,结合耦合度模型对数据进行标准化处理,并通过空间统计学的方法从实证角度分析了对横琴科技园区的空间布局的特征、类型占比及驱动因素进行探讨。结果表明:1)不同类型科技园区在空间分布和组合上具备不同的偏好与特征,相对来说横琴科技园区中以配套设施为主的园区组织较为紧凑,以技术服务为主园区较为开放、注重资源共享;2)具有功能复合化特征,提高土地混合利用效率。横琴科技园区具有3种及以上功能,其中生产类空间与生活类空间的比值约为3.5∶1.2;3)横琴科技园区的空间形态社区化,与城市互动明显,多维且多样。4)注重空间的盈利性、商业性,市场活动、新区政策是驱动横琴科技园区可持续发展的主要影响因素。

温室气体管控纳入化工园区规划环评的技术方法探索和实证研究

《中共中央国务院关于深入打好污染防治攻坚战的意见》中明确提出“将温室气体管控纳入环评管理”,温室气体管控纳入环评已成为深入推进碳达峰行动的重要举措。产业园区是控制污染物和温室气体排放增量的重要载体,是推进减污降碳源头防控的重要抓手。该研究重点围绕协同减污降碳优化规划方案这一关键问题,探索产业园区规划环评中开展温室气体评价的技术方法,并以某石化园区为例开展了实践探索。为了在环评中科学、合理地分析和评价温室气体减排潜力,从两方面探索评价技术方法:一是温室气体与大气耦合评价方法,开展温室气体评价重点排放设施能效分析,结合大气评价中空气质量目标改善要求和初步模拟预测结果,联合提出淘汰高耗低效热源设施、分阶段推进清洁能源替代的规划调整建议;二是研究创新温室气体评价和循环经济分析紧密结合的环评方法,遵循化工园区协同、合作、共享的一体化设计理念和循环经济理念,以资源循环降碳、能效提升降碳为目标,充分发挥化工园区碳固定、碳消纳的天然优势,促进园区内产业链协同。实证研究表明:①通过全面识别园区减污和降碳的关键环节,以“提效-控煤”为主线,温室气体评价与大气评价联合提出热源点整合方案;聚焦园区CO_(2)资源化利用、能源梯级利用,推动两家企业6套装置实施CO_(2)回收,并实施聚碳酸酯、碳酸乙烯酯等CO_(2)产业链利用项目,将零散企业余热资源统一纳网,实现余热余压利用,很好地验证了前述技术方法的可行性,以及温室气体评价对能源规划方案和产业循环经济方案的优化调整作用。②基于现行产业园区环评的评价技术流程,采用全过程纳入模式,提出了温室气体全过程评价技术框架,即现状评价“挖潜力”、规划分析“融理念”、影响识别“定目标”、影响评价“评趋势”、方案论证“明措施”、调整建议“优方案”。此外,对未来研究提出展望,一是增强污染防治与气候治理的协同性,二是关注难以量化的新排放源和非二氧化碳温室气体,三是结合不同园区面临的能源转型和环境目标压力,形成差异化的温室气体减排方案。该研究提出的技术框架和评价方法为优化化工园区环评源头管控作用起到有力支撑,具有重要的现实意义。