Progress on Transition Metal Ions Dissolution Suppression Strategies in Prussian Blue Analogs for Aqueous Sodium-/Potassium-Ion Batteries

Aqueous sodium-ion batteries(ASIBs)and aqueous potassium-ion batteries(APIBs)present significant potential for large-scale energy storage due to their cost-effectiveness,safety,and environmental compatibility.Nonetheless,the intricate energy storage mechanisms in aqueous electrolytes place stringent require-ments on the host materials.Prussian blue analogs(PBAs),with their open three-dimensional framework and facile synthesis,stand out as leading candidates for aqueous energy storage.However,PBAs possess a swift capacity fade and limited cycle longevity,for their structural integrity is compromised by the pronounced dis-solution of transition metal(TM)ions in the aqueous milieu.This manuscript provides an exhaustive review of the recent advancements concerning PBAs in ASIBs and APIBs.The dissolution mechanisms of TM ions in PBAs,informed by their structural attributes and redox processes,are thoroughly examined.Moreover,this study delves into innovative design tactics to alleviate the dissolution issue of TM ions.In conclusion,the paper consolidates various strategies for suppressing the dissolution of TM ions in PBAs and posits avenues for prospective exploration of high-safety aqueous sodium-/potassium-ion batteries.

Does China's digital economy contribute to low-carbon transition?

The digital economy,as a new emerging economic form,has become an important power for realizing Chinese-style modernization and promoting green development in China.This paper measures the digital economy and low-carbon transition index based on the data of 30 provinces in China from 2013 to 2020 and analyzes the mechanism and path of the digital economy affecting low-carbon transition using the fixed effect panel data model and the threshold effect model.It is found that,(1)The digital economy and low-carbon transition in China are various in different regions,with characteristics of being unbalanced and insufficient.(2)The digital economy significantly promotes low-carbon transition,with the greatest influence in the Central region,followed by the Eastern region and the Western region.Under different dimensions,the development of informatization and digital transactions promote low-carbon transition,but the development of the internet plays an inhibiting role.(3)The higher the degree of urbanization and environmental regulation,the greater the influence of the digital economy on low-carbon transition.

The Low-Carbon Transition of Energy Systems:A Bibliometric Review from an Engineering Management Perspective

As a major solution to climate change,the low-carbon transition of energy systems has received growing attention in the past decade.This paper presents a bibliometric review of the literature on the low-carbon transition of energy systems from an engineering management perspective.First,the definition and boundaries of the energy system transition are clarified,covering transformation of the energy structure,decarbonization of fossil fuel utilization,and improvement in energy efficiency.Second,a systematic search of the related literature and a bibliometric analysis are conducted to reveal the research trends.It is found that the number of related publications has been growing exponentially during the past decade,with researchers from China,the United Kingdom,the United States,Germany,and the Netherlands comprising the majority of authors.Related studies with interdisciplinary characteristics appear in journals focusing on energy engineering,environmental science,and social science related to energy issues.Four major research themes are identified by clustering the existing literature:(1)low-carbon transition pathways with different spatiotemporal scales and transition constraints;(2)low-carbon technology diffusion with a focus on renewable energy technologies,pollution control technologies,and other technologies facilitating the energy transition;(3)infrastructure network planning for energy systems covering various sectors and regions;and(4)transition-driving mechanisms from the political,economic,social,and natural perspectives.These four topics play distinct but mutually supportive roles in facilitating the low-carbon transition of energy systems,and require more in-depth research on designing resilient low-carbon transition pathways with coordinated goals,promoting low-carbon technologies with cost-effective and reliable infrastructure network deployment,and balancing multi-level risks in various systems.Finally,business models,nongovernment actors,energy justice,deep decarbonization,and zero-energy buildings are recognized as emerging hot topics.

Transitions of Normal Universities and Strategies of Talents Cultivation

Transitions of normal universities in our country are inexorable trends with the development of the times. In this process, normal universities should actively reform models of talents cultivation, establish teachers＇ profession with distinguishing features, construct new strategies of talents cultivation so as to improve all-round capacities of normal universities in running schools.

Productive functional evolution of rural settlements:analysis of livelihood strategy and land use transition in eastern China

In China, rural settlements are usually multifunctional complex of natural societies and they also play important productive function. This study explored the spatiotemporal evolution of the productive function of three rural settlements, i.e.,Hetaoyuan, Dawengshan, and Gaoqiao, in the Yimeng Mountain in Shandong province of eastern China.Residents lived in this three types of rural settlements were all involved in agricultural production(i.e., grain threshing, drying and storage), which had remained dominant in Hetaoyuan. Dawengshan became an industrial-oriented settlement, while Gaoqiao became a commercial-oriented settlement. This evolution was reflected in the livelihood strategy changes of rural households and the transition of rural settlements changes. The choice of livelihood strategy was affected by the livelihood assets and policies, which resulted in the spatiotemporal evolution of the productive function of rural settlements. This study can provide references for the implementation and adjustment of rural residential land consolidation policies and the improvement of production and the quality of rural life in future.

China's low-carbon transition for addressing climate change

This study discusses high-carbon characteristics, the unsustainability of China's development, and the fact that China needs to transform its development mode. China's low-carbon transition must include industry structure adjustment, energy saving and efficiency increases, energy structure improvement, carbon sink development, adaptation capability, and low-carbon pilot schemes.Low-carbon urbanization is a key measure in China's low-carbon transition. China's urbanization faces high-carbon risks. Thus, this study presents a roadmap for transforming urbanization into a low-carbon one. The transition to low-carbon urbanization is a common trend in the developing world. There is a lot of room for international cooperation.

Boundedness and liveness enforcement for labeled Petri nets using transition priority

This paper deals with the supervisory control problem of discrete event systems modeled by labeled Petri nets. The system is originally unbounded. First, the solvability of the problem is confirmed. A necessary condition is given and proven for the existence of a feasible priority-based controller based on the notions of liveness and transition invariants. Next, a cyclic behavior graph is constructed, which shows the reachable markings that guarantee the maximum liveness of the system within a given bound vector. Finally, an on-line control strategy is proposed to enforce boundedness and liveness to the given system by appending priority relations to transitions. The dynamic priority relation changes flexibly according to the current state of the system and enforces the system evolving in a bounded and live manner. In addition, numerical examples are studied to verify the validity of the proposed approach that remains the structure of the plant net and is efficient for on-line control.

Application of Variable Strategies in the Low-cost and Energy-saving Rural Residences in Transitional Areas

Changeful and complex rural family structure and climatic features of transitional areas in China make the application of variable strategy in energy-saving rural residence designs possible.Aiming at the low cost,several effective and reasonable variable strategies were proposed for the design of interior spaces,main bedroom,sunshine room,staircase,west wall,door and window design to satisfy changing structure of a family during different periods and their different thermo-technical requirements in winter and summer.In this way,thermal comfort of rural indoor spaces will be improved,more energy saved,useful experience and thoughts provided for the energy-saving residence design in cold regions and regions hot in summer and cold in winter.

Design Strategy of Underground Space of Urban Rail Transit Complex Based on Integration Concept

With the accelerated development and utilization of urban underground space,the underground space design of complex based on rail transit has attracted much attention.By sorting out the integration concept and constructing the logical framework of integrated design,the integrated design strategy is proposed from the aspects of function,transportation,space and environment on the urban scale,and the evaluation points of integrated design effect are put forward from the aspects of accessibility,coordination,openness and symbolism.

“Transition States” Testing America's Global Strategy

Elexible variety has all along been a hallmark of America’s global strategy withdifferentiated treatment for specific nations. In the new century, Washingtondivides the major world forces into four categories in light of a comprehensive crite-rion of whether they have been fused into the international system, are going to-ward democracy or benefit world stability. They include: insiders or allies (Europeand Japan), marginalized ones (some underdeveloped African nations), outsidersor "rogues" (Iraq, North Korea) and finally, travelers on the way or "transitionstates". Interpretations by U.S. strategic reports define the "transition states"

Strategies of Transition to IPv6

The paper briefly describes the necessity of introducing IPv6 into networks and the fact that IPv4 and IPv6 will coexist in operators' networks for a long time. It also introduces Dual Stack, Tunneling and Translation technologies for the transition from IPv4 to IPv6 and their coexistence. Moreover, it makes a brief analysis of transition strategies of operators' networks to IPv6 networks.

Carbon Neutrality-oriented Approach to Mid-and Long-term Low-Carbon Transition Towards the New Climate Change Goals

Green and low-carbon transition has become an important development direction for future global economy and society.President XI Jinping pointed out that it is necessary to incorporate the goal of peaking carbon emissions and achieving carbon neutrality into the overall plan for economic and social development and ecological civilization construction.This is a major strategic decision made by the CPC Central Committee in consideration of both the international and domestic situations,and has been highly praised by the international community.It will contribute to the pursuit of the goals of high-quality development and ecological progress,inject strong impetus into the international response to climate change and the full and effective implementation of the Paris Agreement,and add new momentum to the post-epidemic global green recovery as well as the building of a community for all life on earth.However,the realization of the dual carbon target is very challenging,facing with multiple constraints such as technology,capital and system.At the same time,it needs to coordinate the relationships between short-term and long-term,development and emission reduction,and international and domestic.This paper organically combines the long-term low-carbon development strategy with the two phased goals of socialist modernization,and puts forward the timetable,roadmap and priorities for China's dual carbon targets.Moreover,it provides countermeasures and suggestions to promote the orderly implementation of the dual carbon strategic goals from six aspects:industrial structure,energy structure,technological innovation,regional coordination,institutional policies and international cooperation.

Design Strategy of Highway Speed Transition Section

In this paper,combined with the relevant speed theory and characteristics of the law,the current highway speed transition design problems are studied and analyzed.In the process of specific analysis,mainly combined with the characteristics of different types of highway speed changes and road section design requirements,this paper studies and analyzes the design methods of different types of highway speed transition section.And on this basis,according to the design principles and requirements of highway operation speed transition section,the paper summarizes the matters needing attention in the design of highway operation speed transition section,in order to provide certain reference value for relevant personnel.

Approach and Strategy of Constructing Low-carbon Communities

The developing focus of low-carbon society is constructing low-carbon cities which are based on the construction of low-carbon communities.The main ways of constructing low-carbon communities conclude low carbonization of planning and designing,low carbonization of construction materials,low carbonization of community environment,low carbonization of energy system,low carbonization of energy use and low carbonization of life style.The basic strategies of constructing low-carbon communities contain enhancing propaganda and education,strengthening technical innovation,cultivating low-carbon culture,advocating public participation and consolidating leadership in organizations.

Advances in doping strategies for sodium transition metal oxides cathodes:A review

The electrochemistry of cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries differs significantly from lithium-ion batteries and offers distinct advantages.Overall,the progress of commercializing sodium-ion batteries is currently impeded by the inherent inefficiencies exhibited by these cathode materials,which include insufficient conductivity,slow kinetics,and substantial volume changes throughout the process of intercalation and deintercalation cycles.Consequently,numerous methodologies have been utilized to tackle these challenges,encompassing structural modulation,surface modification,and elemental doping.This paper aims to highlight fundamental principles and strategies for the development of sodium transition metal oxide cathodes.Specifically,it emphasizes the role of various elemental doping techniques in initiating anionic redox reactions,improving cathode stability,and enhancing the operational voltage of these cathodes,aiming to provide readers with novel perspectives on the design of sodium metal oxide cathodes through the doping approach,as well as address the current obstacles that can be overcome/alleviated through these dopant strategies.

Alloy strategy to synthesize Pt-early transition metal oxide interfacial catalysts

Metal oxide supported metal catalysts show promising catalytic performance in many industry-relevant reactions.However,the enhancement of performance is often limited by the insufficient metal/metal oxide interface.In this work,we demonstrate a general synthesis of Pt-early transition metal oxide(Pt-MO_(x),M=Ti,Zr,V,and Y)catalysts with rich interfacial sites,which is based on the air-induced surface segregation and oxidation of M in the supported Pt-M alloy catalysts.Systematic characterizations verify the dynamic structural response of Pt-M alloy catalysts to air and the formation of Pt-MO_(x) catalysts with abundant interfacial sites.The prepared Pt-TiO_(x) interfacial catalysts exhibit improved performance in hydrogenation reactions of benzaldehyde,nitrobenzene,styrene,and furfural,as a result of the heterolytic dissociation of H_(2) at Pt-metal oxide interfacial sites.

Estimation method for a skip-stop operation strategy for urban rail transit in China

The skip-stop operation strategy （SOS） is rarely applied to Chinese urban rail transit networks because it is a simple scheme and a less universally popular transportation service. However, the SOS has performance advantages, in that the total trip time can be reduced depending on the number of skipped stations, crowds of passengers can be rapidly evacuated at congested stations in peak periods, and the cost to transit companies is reduced. There is a contradiction between reducing the trip time under the SOS and increasing the passengers＇ waiting times under an all-stop scheme. Given this situation, the three objectives of our study were to minimize the waiting and trip times of all passengers and the travel times of trains. A comprehensive estimation model is presented for the SOS. The mechanism through which the trip time for all passengers is affected by the SOS is analyzed in detail. A 0-I integer programming formulation is established for the three objectives, and is solved using a tabu search algorithm. Finally, an example is presented to demonstrate that the estimation method for the SOS is capable of optimizing the timetable and operation schemes for a Chinese urban rail transit network.

Low-carbon city communication:Integrated strategies for urban and rural municipalities in Thailand

As an important sustainable development goal,the creation of low-carbon cities(LCCs)has become crucial to creating livable cities and environmental sustainability.Thus,we aimed to understand the factors that support the transition of traditional cities to LCCs,by analyzing and synthesizing how to promote practical LCC across 15 pilot municipalities in four regions of Thailand,covering four strategies:City of Trees,City of Waste Minimization,City of Energy Efficiency,and City of Sustainable Consumption.Literature research,in-depth interviews,and observations were employed for data collection,while the 5​W(who,says what,in which channel,to whom,and with what effect)and SMCR(sender,message,channel,and receiver)models were used to create a communication analysis framework.Results revealed that the effective activities of municipalities should increase tree planting and implement more serious regulations for the conservation of existing trees.Making compost and establishing waste recycling banks are recommended for rural municipalities,while optimization of garbage and wastewater management systems and facilities should be highlighted in urban municipalities.Moreover,recycling,low-carbon agriculture,second-hand shops/markets,green markets,and homegrown vegetables should be encouraged for sustainable consumption.Working with local municipalities,credible leaders and representatives were the key senders.Additionally,message design should compare the pros and cons of behaviors,connect with local health and tourism,and promote dialogue in easy-to-understand and thought-provoking language.Receivers that drive LCC should have an excellent understanding of LCC practice and its benefits,be public-minded,and have a desire to live in a good environment.

Engineering transition metal-based nanomaterials for high-performance electrocatalysis

Transition metal(TM)based electrocatalysts attract increasing attention in energy conversion reactions,and current effects focus on material engineering strategies to tailor physicochemical properties of TM based electrocatalysts for improved performance.This review provides a summary about the recent advances of engineering TM based nanomaterials for electrocatalytic reactions,which include hydrogen evolution reaction(HER),oxygen evolution reaction(OER),CO2 reduction reaction(CO2RR),and nitrate reduction reaction(NO3RR).We highlight four engineering strategies,namely,size engineering,facet engineering,composition engineering,and crystal structure engineering for TM based electrocatalysts,and pay a special emphasis on exploring the relationship between their physicochemical properties and catalytic activities.We outline the opportunities in this research field,in particular,the strategy of rationally combining in-situ and operando techniques and theoretical predication to design efficient electrocatalysts.Finally,issues that deserve attention and consideration for practical applications are discussed.

Electrocatalytic oxygen evolution activities of metal chalcogenides and phosphides:Fundamentals,origins,and future strategies

The development of inexpensive and efficient electrocatalysts is key to commercializing energy-related electrocatalytic techniques such as water electrolyzers and metal-air batteries.In particular,novel oxygen evolution reaction(OER)pre-catalysts,such as transition metal chalcogenides(TMCs)and phosphides(TMPs),have evolved in recent years from traditional stable OER electrocatalysts,which show superior OER electrocatalytic performance compared with transition metal oxides(TMOs)or(oxy)hydroxides(TMOHs).In this feature article,we summarize recent advances in the development of TMCand TMP-based OER electrocatalysts,as well as approaches to improve the OER performance in terms of morphology,structure,composition,surface engineering,lattice-strained and in-situ transformation in the electrolysis process.In particular,the electrochemical stability of TMCs and TMPs in alkaline electrolytes and the evolution of morphology,structure and composition under OER conditions are discussed.In the last section,we discuss the challenges that need to be addressed in this specific area of research and the implications for further research.