Zinc and its compounds, alloys and composites play an important role in the modern day world and find application in almost every aspect that can improve the quality of our lives. This ranges from supplements and phar...Zinc and its compounds, alloys and composites play an important role in the modern day world and find application in almost every aspect that can improve the quality of our lives. This ranges from supplements and pharmaceuticals that are meant to improve our health and wellbeing to additives meant to guard or reduce corrosion in metals. However, over the past several years, a new area of technology has been garnering a great deal of attention and has made use of zinc and its compounds. This is with reference to paper-based microfluidic technology that offers several advantages and that keeps expanding in the amount of applications it covers. In this paper, a review is offered for the applications that have used zinc or zinc compounds in paper-based microfluidic devices.展开更多
Low-cost Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)devices offer a cost-effective alternative to traditional GNSS systems,making GNSS technology accessible to a wider range of applications.Nevertheless,low-cost GNSS dev...Low-cost Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)devices offer a cost-effective alternative to traditional GNSS systems,making GNSS technology accessible to a wider range of applications.Nevertheless,low-cost GNSS devices often face the challenges in effectively capturing and tracking satellite signals,which leads to losing the observations at certain frequencies.Moreover,the observation peculiarities of low-cost devices are in contradistinction to those of traditional geodetic GNSS receivers.In this contribution,a low-cost PPP-RTK model that considers the unique characteristics of different types of measurements is developed and its performance is fully evaluated with u-blox F9P receivers equipped with three distinctive antenna configurations:vertical dipole,microstrip patch,and helix antennas.Several static and kinematic experiments in different scenarios are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.The results indicate that the mixed-frequency PPP-RTK model outperforms the traditional dual-frequency one with higher positioning accuracy and fixing percentage.Among the three low-cost antennas tested,the vertical dipole antenna demonstrates the best performance under static conditions and shows a comparable performance as geodetic antennas with a positioning accuracy of 0.02 m,0.01 m and 0.07 m in the east,north,and up components,respectively.Under low-speed kinematic scenarios,the helix antenna outperforms the other two with a positioning accuracy of(0.07 m,0.07 m,0.34 m).Furthermore,the helix antenna is also proved to be the best choice for vehicle navigation with an ambiguity fixing rate of over 95%and a positioning accuracy of(0.13 m,0.14 m,0.36 m).展开更多
The purpose was to create a stabilometric platform to analyze the rider’s balance. After anatomical and saddle’s mark study, four bones support points representing the rider’s base were determined, that will allow ...The purpose was to create a stabilometric platform to analyze the rider’s balance. After anatomical and saddle’s mark study, four bones support points representing the rider’s base were determined, that will allow the construction of our rider posture diagnostic aid platform. The sensors profile was realized and the stirrups dynamometers were calibrated through an extensometry study. To validate by comparison with a stabilometric platform (OIML 6000 sensors), one series of 28 observations under the same conditions were carried out (the two platforms adjusted one on the other), statistical analyses on the X and Y axis were performed with normality distribution test (S-W), t test and non-parametric Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test (p-value > 0.05). To analyze our two methods of measuring the centre of pressure position, a Bland-Altman analysis has been plotted and the intra class correlation value computed. The Bland-Altman graph showed a small bias value (-0.4 ± 0.8mm) with acceptable limits of agreement for rider balance analyses. The results of the present study suggested that the new platform was accurate and reliable and could be used for further prospective studies in order to optimize the rider’s posture and preserve the horse’s health.展开更多
The PPP–RTK method,which combines the concepts of Precise of Point Positioning(PPP)and Real-Time Kinematic(RTK),is proposed to provide a centimeter-accuracy positioning service for an unlimited number of users.Recent...The PPP–RTK method,which combines the concepts of Precise of Point Positioning(PPP)and Real-Time Kinematic(RTK),is proposed to provide a centimeter-accuracy positioning service for an unlimited number of users.Recently,the PPP–RTK technique is becoming a promising tool for emerging applications such as autonomous vehicles and unmanned logistics as it has several advantages including high precision,full flexibility,and good privacy.This paper gives a detailed review of PPP–RTK focusing on its implementation methods,recent achievements as well as challenges and opportunities.Firstly,the fundamental approach to implement PPP–RTK is described and an overview of the research on key techniques,such as Uncalibrated Phase Delay(UPD)estimation,precise atmospheric correction retrieval and modeling,and fast PPP ambiguity resolution,is given.Then,the recent efforts and progress are addressed,such as improving the performance of PPP–RTK by combining multi-GNSS and multi-frequency observations,single-frequency PPP–RTK for low-cost devices,and PPP–RTK for vehicle navigation.Also,the system construction and applications based on the PPP–RTK method are summarized.Moreover,the main issues that impact PPP–RTK performance are highlighted,including signal occlusion in complex urban areas and atmosphere modeling in extreme weather events.The new opportunities brought by the rapid development of low-cost markets,multiple sensors,and new-generation Low Earth Orbit(LEO)navigation constellation are also discussed.Finally,the paper concludes with some comments and the prospects for future research.展开更多
An alcohol-soluble,environmentally friendly,and low-cost surfactant-encapsulated polyoxometalate complex[(C8H17)4N]4[SiW_(12)O40](TOASiW_(12))as a cathode interlayer(CIL)has exhibited excellent universality for variou...An alcohol-soluble,environmentally friendly,and low-cost surfactant-encapsulated polyoxometalate complex[(C8H17)4N]4[SiW_(12)O40](TOASiW_(12))as a cathode interlayer(CIL)has exhibited excellent universality for various active layers and cathodes in nonfullerene polymer solar cells(NF-PSCs).In particular,incorporating TOASiW_(12) as the CIL enhanced power conversion efficiencies(PCEs)of the PM6:Y6-based NF-PSCs with Al or Ag cathode to 16.14%and 15.89%,respectively,and the PCEs of PM6:BTP-BO4Cl-based NF-PSCs with Al or Ag cathode to 17.04%and 17.00%,respectively.More importantly,the performances of the devices with TOASiW_(12) were insensitive to the TOASiW_(12) thickness from 3 to 33 nm.Furthermore,the NF-PSCs with TOASiW_(12) exhibited better device stability.Combined characterization of the photocurrent density versus effective voltage,capacitance versus voltage and electron mobility demonstrated that TOASiW_(12) as the CIL effectively promoted exciton dissociation,charge-carrier extraction,built-in potential,charge-carrier density,and electron mobility in the NF-PSCs.These findings suggest that TOASiW_(12) is a promising,competitive CIL for NF-PSCs fabricated by roll-to-roll processing.展开更多
A receiver for SRDs implemented by the 0.35μm CMOS process is presented. The receiver, together with the ADC, power amplifier （PA）, frequency synthesizer and digital baseband has been integrated into a single chip ...A receiver for SRDs implemented by the 0.35μm CMOS process is presented. The receiver, together with the ADC, power amplifier （PA）, frequency synthesizer and digital baseband has been integrated into a single chip solution. Low cost and low power requirements are met by optimizing the receiver architecture and circuit topology. A simple mixed-signal mode I/Q imbalance calibration circuit is proposed to enhance the IRR （image rejection ratio） so as to raise the BER. From a single 3 V power supply, the receiver consumes 5.9 mA. The measurement result shows that the receiver achieves reference sensitivity of-60 dBm and a control gain of 60 dB. The S11 reaches -20 dB at 433 MHz and -10 dB at 868 MHz without off-chip impedance match network. The die area is only 2 mm^2 including the bias circuit.展开更多
文摘Zinc and its compounds, alloys and composites play an important role in the modern day world and find application in almost every aspect that can improve the quality of our lives. This ranges from supplements and pharmaceuticals that are meant to improve our health and wellbeing to additives meant to guard or reduce corrosion in metals. However, over the past several years, a new area of technology has been garnering a great deal of attention and has made use of zinc and its compounds. This is with reference to paper-based microfluidic technology that offers several advantages and that keeps expanding in the amount of applications it covers. In this paper, a review is offered for the applications that have used zinc or zinc compounds in paper-based microfluidic devices.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,41974027,Xingxing Li42204017,Xin Li+2 种基金National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents,China,BX20220239,Xin Lithe special fund of Hubei Luojia Laboratory,220100006,Xin Lithe Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,2042022kf1001,Xin Li.
文摘Low-cost Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)devices offer a cost-effective alternative to traditional GNSS systems,making GNSS technology accessible to a wider range of applications.Nevertheless,low-cost GNSS devices often face the challenges in effectively capturing and tracking satellite signals,which leads to losing the observations at certain frequencies.Moreover,the observation peculiarities of low-cost devices are in contradistinction to those of traditional geodetic GNSS receivers.In this contribution,a low-cost PPP-RTK model that considers the unique characteristics of different types of measurements is developed and its performance is fully evaluated with u-blox F9P receivers equipped with three distinctive antenna configurations:vertical dipole,microstrip patch,and helix antennas.Several static and kinematic experiments in different scenarios are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.The results indicate that the mixed-frequency PPP-RTK model outperforms the traditional dual-frequency one with higher positioning accuracy and fixing percentage.Among the three low-cost antennas tested,the vertical dipole antenna demonstrates the best performance under static conditions and shows a comparable performance as geodetic antennas with a positioning accuracy of 0.02 m,0.01 m and 0.07 m in the east,north,and up components,respectively.Under low-speed kinematic scenarios,the helix antenna outperforms the other two with a positioning accuracy of(0.07 m,0.07 m,0.34 m).Furthermore,the helix antenna is also proved to be the best choice for vehicle navigation with an ambiguity fixing rate of over 95%and a positioning accuracy of(0.13 m,0.14 m,0.36 m).
文摘The purpose was to create a stabilometric platform to analyze the rider’s balance. After anatomical and saddle’s mark study, four bones support points representing the rider’s base were determined, that will allow the construction of our rider posture diagnostic aid platform. The sensors profile was realized and the stirrups dynamometers were calibrated through an extensometry study. To validate by comparison with a stabilometric platform (OIML 6000 sensors), one series of 28 observations under the same conditions were carried out (the two platforms adjusted one on the other), statistical analyses on the X and Y axis were performed with normality distribution test (S-W), t test and non-parametric Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test (p-value > 0.05). To analyze our two methods of measuring the centre of pressure position, a Bland-Altman analysis has been plotted and the intra class correlation value computed. The Bland-Altman graph showed a small bias value (-0.4 ± 0.8mm) with acceptable limits of agreement for rider balance analyses. The results of the present study suggested that the new platform was accurate and reliable and could be used for further prospective studies in order to optimize the rider’s posture and preserve the horse’s health.
基金National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(Grant No.41825009)National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents,China(No.BX20220239)+1 种基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2042022kf1001)Project Supported by the Special Fund of Hubei Luojia Laboratory(220100006).
文摘The PPP–RTK method,which combines the concepts of Precise of Point Positioning(PPP)and Real-Time Kinematic(RTK),is proposed to provide a centimeter-accuracy positioning service for an unlimited number of users.Recently,the PPP–RTK technique is becoming a promising tool for emerging applications such as autonomous vehicles and unmanned logistics as it has several advantages including high precision,full flexibility,and good privacy.This paper gives a detailed review of PPP–RTK focusing on its implementation methods,recent achievements as well as challenges and opportunities.Firstly,the fundamental approach to implement PPP–RTK is described and an overview of the research on key techniques,such as Uncalibrated Phase Delay(UPD)estimation,precise atmospheric correction retrieval and modeling,and fast PPP ambiguity resolution,is given.Then,the recent efforts and progress are addressed,such as improving the performance of PPP–RTK by combining multi-GNSS and multi-frequency observations,single-frequency PPP–RTK for low-cost devices,and PPP–RTK for vehicle navigation.Also,the system construction and applications based on the PPP–RTK method are summarized.Moreover,the main issues that impact PPP–RTK performance are highlighted,including signal occlusion in complex urban areas and atmosphere modeling in extreme weather events.The new opportunities brought by the rapid development of low-cost markets,multiple sensors,and new-generation Low Earth Orbit(LEO)navigation constellation are also discussed.Finally,the paper concludes with some comments and the prospects for future research.
基金supported by grants from the National Basic Research Program of China(no.2014CB643505)the Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province,China(no.20170101169JC)+2 种基金the Open Project of the State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials(no.sklssm202043)the Graduate Innovation Fund of Jilin University(no.101832020CX339)W.L.and C.Z.acknowledge the support from the Jiangxi Provincial Department of Science and Technology(nos.20192ACB20009 and 20192BBEL50026).
文摘An alcohol-soluble,environmentally friendly,and low-cost surfactant-encapsulated polyoxometalate complex[(C8H17)4N]4[SiW_(12)O40](TOASiW_(12))as a cathode interlayer(CIL)has exhibited excellent universality for various active layers and cathodes in nonfullerene polymer solar cells(NF-PSCs).In particular,incorporating TOASiW_(12) as the CIL enhanced power conversion efficiencies(PCEs)of the PM6:Y6-based NF-PSCs with Al or Ag cathode to 16.14%and 15.89%,respectively,and the PCEs of PM6:BTP-BO4Cl-based NF-PSCs with Al or Ag cathode to 17.04%and 17.00%,respectively.More importantly,the performances of the devices with TOASiW_(12) were insensitive to the TOASiW_(12) thickness from 3 to 33 nm.Furthermore,the NF-PSCs with TOASiW_(12) exhibited better device stability.Combined characterization of the photocurrent density versus effective voltage,capacitance versus voltage and electron mobility demonstrated that TOASiW_(12) as the CIL effectively promoted exciton dissociation,charge-carrier extraction,built-in potential,charge-carrier density,and electron mobility in the NF-PSCs.These findings suggest that TOASiW_(12) is a promising,competitive CIL for NF-PSCs fabricated by roll-to-roll processing.
文摘A receiver for SRDs implemented by the 0.35μm CMOS process is presented. The receiver, together with the ADC, power amplifier （PA）, frequency synthesizer and digital baseband has been integrated into a single chip solution. Low cost and low power requirements are met by optimizing the receiver architecture and circuit topology. A simple mixed-signal mode I/Q imbalance calibration circuit is proposed to enhance the IRR （image rejection ratio） so as to raise the BER. From a single 3 V power supply, the receiver consumes 5.9 mA. The measurement result shows that the receiver achieves reference sensitivity of-60 dBm and a control gain of 60 dB. The S11 reaches -20 dB at 433 MHz and -10 dB at 868 MHz without off-chip impedance match network. The die area is only 2 mm^2 including the bias circuit.
