To solve the problem of only surface carbonation and realize high-efficiency carbonation of recycled coarse aggregate,the method of carbonated recycled coarse aggregate with nano materials pre-soaking was first put fo...To solve the problem of only surface carbonation and realize high-efficiency carbonation of recycled coarse aggregate,the method of carbonated recycled coarse aggregate with nano materials pre-soaking was first put forward.The carbonation effect of modified recycled coarse aggregate with three different carbonation methods was evaluated,and water absorption,apparent density and crush index of modified recycled coarse aggregate were measured.Combined with XRD,SEM,and MIP microscopic analysis,the high-efficiency carbonation strengthening mechanism of modified recycled coarse aggregate was revealed.The experimental results show that,compared with the non-carbonated recycled coarse aggregate,the physical and microscopic properties of carbonated recycled coarse aggregate are improved.The method of carbonation with nano-SiO_(2) pre-soaking can realize the high-efficiency carbonation of recycled coarse aggregate,for modified recycled coarse aggregate with the method,water absorption is reduced by 23.03%,porosity is reduced by 44.06%,and the average pore diameter is 21.82 nm.The high-efficiency carbonation strengthening mechanism show that the pre-socked nano-SiO_(2) is bound to the hydration product Ca(OH)_(2) of the old mortar with nano-scale C-S-H,which can improve the CO_(2) absorption rate,accelerate the carbonation reaction,generate more stable CaCO_(3) and nano-scale silica gel,and bond to the dense three-dimensional network structure to realize the bidirectional enhancement of nano-materials and pressurized carbonation.It is concluded that the method of carbonation with nano-SiO_(2) pre-soaking is a novel high-efficiency carbonation modification of recycled coarse aggregate.展开更多
The unique advantages of one-dimensional(1D)oriented nanostructures in light-trapping and chargetransport make them competitive candidates in photovoltaic(PV)devices.Since the emergence of perovskite solar cells(PSCs)...The unique advantages of one-dimensional(1D)oriented nanostructures in light-trapping and chargetransport make them competitive candidates in photovoltaic(PV)devices.Since the emergence of perovskite solar cells(PSCs),1D nanostructured electron transport materials(ETMs)have drawn tremendous interest.However,the power conversion efficiencies(PCEs)of these devices have always significantly lagged behind their mesoscopic and planar counterparts.High-efficiency PSCs with 1D ETMs showing efficiency over 22%were just realized in the most recent studies.It yet lacks a comprehensive review covering the development of 1D ETMs and their application in PSCs.We hence timely summarize the advances in 1D ETMs-based solar cells,emphasizing on the fundamental and optimization issues of charge separation and collection ability,and their influence on PV performance.After sketching the classification and requirements for high-efficiency 1D nanostructured solar cells,we highlight the applicability of 1D TiO_(2)nanostructures in PSCs,including nanotubes,nanorods,nanocones,and nanopyramids,and carefully analyze how the electrostatic field affects cell performance.Other kinds of oriented nanostructures,e.g.,ZnO and SnO_(2)ETMs,are also described.Finally,we discuss the challenges and propose some potential strategies to further boost device performance.This review provides a broad range of valuable work in this fast-developing field,which we hope will stimulate research enthusiasm to push PSCs to an unprecedented level.展开更多
[Objectives]To select zucchini varieties suitable for cultivation in Zibo City and test its high-yield cultivation techniques.[Methods]Six zucchini varieties were introduced,and their commercial quality and yield were...[Objectives]To select zucchini varieties suitable for cultivation in Zibo City and test its high-yield cultivation techniques.[Methods]Six zucchini varieties were introduced,and their commercial quality and yield were determined.[Results]The yield of Shengfeier,Xiuyu 170 and Xihulu 309 increased by 11.4%,6.9%and 4.6%,respectively compared with S68(control),and zucchini was straight,looked pleasing to the eye,and had strong disease resistance.[Conclusions]The zucchini varieties were selected and the high-quality,high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation techniques were integrated.展开更多
Low-cost GNSS receivers have recently been gaining reliability as good candidates for ionospheric studies. In line with these gains are genuine concerns about improving the performance of these receivers. In this work...Low-cost GNSS receivers have recently been gaining reliability as good candidates for ionospheric studies. In line with these gains are genuine concerns about improving the performance of these receivers. In this work, we present a comprehensive investigation of the performances of two antennas(the u-blox ANN-MB and the TOPGNSS TOP-106) used on a low-cost GNSS receiver known as the u-blox ZED-F9P. The two antennas were installed on two identical and co-located u-blox receivers. Data used from both receivers cover the period from January to June 2022. Results from the study indicate that the signal strengths are dominantly greater for the receiver with the TOPGNSS antenna than for the receiver with the ANN-MB antenna, implying that the TOPGNSS antenna is better than the ANN-MB antenna in terms of providing greater signal strengths. Summarily, the TOPGNSS antenna also performed better in minimizing the occurrence of cycle slips on phase TEC measurements. There are no conspicuous differences between the variances(computed as 5-min standard deviations) of phase TEC measurements for the two antennas, except for a period around May-June when the TOPGNSS gave a better performance in terms of minimizing the variances in phase TEC. Remarkably, the ANN-MB antenna gave a better performance than the TOPGNSS antenna in terms of minimizing the variances in pseudorange TEC for some satellite observations. For precise horizontal(North and East) positioning, the receiver with the TOPGNSS antenna gave better results, while the receiver with the ANN-MB antenna gave better vertical(Up) positioning. The errors for the receivers of both antennas are typically within about 5 m(the monthly mean was usually smaller than 1 m) in the horizontal direction and within about 10 m(the monthly mean was usually smaller than 4 m) in the vertical direction.展开更多
For the last two decades,low-cost Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)receivers have been used in various applications.These receivers are mini-size,less expensive than geodetic-grade receivers,and in high demand....For the last two decades,low-cost Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)receivers have been used in various applications.These receivers are mini-size,less expensive than geodetic-grade receivers,and in high demand.Irrespective of these outstanding features,low-cost GNSS receivers are potentially poorer hardwares with internal signal processing,resulting in lower quality.They typically come with low-cost GNSS antenna that has lower performance than their counterparts,particularly for multipath mitigation.Therefore,this research evaluated the low-cost GNSS device performance using a high-rate kinematic survey.For this purpose,these receivers were assembled with an Inertial Measurement Unit(IMU)sensor,which actively transmited data on acceleration and orientation rate during the observation.The position and navigation parameter data were obtained from the IMU readings,even without GNSS signals via the U-blox F9R GNSS/IMU device mounted on a vehicle.This research was conducted in an area with demanding conditions,such as an open sky area,an urban environment,and a shopping mall basement,to examine the device’s performance.The data were processed by two approaches:the Single Point Positioning-IMU(SPP/IMU)and the Differential GNSS-IMU(DGNSS/IMU).The Unscented Kalman Filter(UKF)was selected as a filtering algorithm due to its excellent performance in handling nonlinear system models.The result showed that integrating GNSS/IMU in SPP processing mode could increase the accuracy in eastward and northward components up to 68.28%and 66.64%.Integration of DGNSS/IMU increased the accuracy in eastward and northward components to 93.02%and 93.03%compared to the positioning of standalone GNSS.In addition,the positioning accuracy can be improved by reducing the IMU noise using low-pass and high-pass filters.This application could still not gain the expected position accuracy under signal outage conditions.展开更多
We propose a controllable high-efficiency electrostatic surface trap for cold polar molecules on a chip by using two insulator-embedded charged rings and a grounded conductor plate. We calculate Stark energy structure...We propose a controllable high-efficiency electrostatic surface trap for cold polar molecules on a chip by using two insulator-embedded charged rings and a grounded conductor plate. We calculate Stark energy structure pattern of ND3 molecules in an external electric field using the method of matrix diagonalization. We analyze how the voltages that are applied to the ring electrodes affect the depth of the efficient well and the controllability of the distance between the trap center and the surface of the chip. To obtain a better understanding, we simulate the dynamical loading and trapping processes of ND3 molecules in a |J, KM = |1,-1 state by using classical Monte–Carlo method. Our study shows that the loading efficiency of our trap can reach ~ 88%. Finally, we study the adiabatic cooling of cold molecules in our surface trap by linearly lowering the potential-well depth(i.e., lowering the trapping voltage), and find that the temperature of the trapped ND3 molecules can be adiabatically cooled from 34.5 m K to ~ 5.8 m K when the trapping voltage is reduced from-35 k V to-3 k V.展开更多
A new thermal model with triangular heat flux distribution is given in high-efficiency deep grinding. The mathematical expressions are driven to calculate the surface temperature. The transient behavior of the maximum...A new thermal model with triangular heat flux distribution is given in high-efficiency deep grinding. The mathematical expressions are driven to calculate the surface temperature. The transient behavior of the maximum temperature on contact area is investigated in different grinding conditions with a J-type thermocouple. The maximum contact temperatures measured in different conditions are found to be between 1 000 ℃ and 1 500 ℃ in burn-out conditions. The experiment results show good agreement with the new thermal model.展开更多
We demonstrate a high-emciency mid-infrared picosecond optical parametric oscillator (OPO) based on MgO doped periodically poled lithium niobate (MgO:PPLN) with a laser diode array (LDA) pumped Innoslab amplifi...We demonstrate a high-emciency mid-infrared picosecond optical parametric oscillator (OPO) based on MgO doped periodically poled lithium niobate (MgO:PPLN) with a laser diode array (LDA) pumped Innoslab amplifier as the pumping source. Under a 16 W synchronously pumping power, 4.5 W of idler light at 2896nm is obtained. A tuning range of idler light from 2688nm to 3016nm is achieved, within which the highest optical-optical conversion ettlciency from pump power to OPO output is 35.1%. Moreover, a signal light of -500mW from 1644 to 1700nm with a repetition rate of 233.8 MHz is generated.展开更多
The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)–CRISPR-associated protein(Cas) system has been widely used for genome editing. In this system, the cytosine base editor(CBE) and adenine base edit...The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)–CRISPR-associated protein(Cas) system has been widely used for genome editing. In this system, the cytosine base editor(CBE) and adenine base editor(ABE) allow generating precise and irreversible base mutations in a programmable manner and have been used in many different types of cells and organisms. However, their applications are limited by low editing efficiency at certain genomic target sites or at specific target cytosine(C) or adenine(A) residues. Using a strategy of combining optimized synergistic core components, we developed a new multiplex super-assembled ABE(sABE) in rice that showed higher base-editing efficiency than previously developed ABEs. We also designed a new type of nuclear localization signal(NLS) comprising a FLAG epitope tag with four copies of a codon-optimized NLS(F4NLS^(r2)) to generate another ABE named F4NLS-sABE. This new NLS increased editing efficiency or edited additional A at several target sites. A new multiplex super-assembled CBE(sCBE) and F4NLS^(r2) involved F4NLS-sCBE were also created using the same strategy. F4NLS-sCBE was proven to be much more efficient than sCBE in rice. These optimized base editors will serve as powerful genome-editing tools for basic research or molecular breeding in rice and will provide a reference for the development of superior editing tools for other plants or animals.展开更多
The Si tandem solar cells are very attractive for realizing high efficiency and low cost. This paper overviews current status of III-V/Si tandem solar cells including our results. The analytical results for efficiency...The Si tandem solar cells are very attractive for realizing high efficiency and low cost. This paper overviews current status of III-V/Si tandem solar cells including our results. The analytical results for efficiency potential of Si tandem solar cells and loss analysis of Si bottom cells as well as bandgap energy optimization of sub-cells are presented. The 2-junction and 3-junction Si tandem solar cells have potential efficiencies of 36% and 42%, respectively. ERE (external radiative efficiency) analysis for Si solar cells is analyzed in or</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">der to clarify properties of Si bottom solar cells. Properties of single-crystalline Si heterojunction solar cell</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> fabricated in this study were analyzed. The current </span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">status of efficiencies of our Si bottom cell, upper III-V 2-junction solar cell and III-V/Si 3-junction tandem solar cell was shown to be 5.2% and 28.6% and 33.8%. Achievement of </span><span style="white-space:nowrap;font-family:Verdana;"><i></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">J</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">sc</span><span style="white-space:nowrap;font-family:Verdana;"></i></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></sub></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> of 12 mA/cm</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> for Si bottom cell is necessary to realize high-efficiency 3-junction Si tandem solar cells with an efficiency of</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> more than 37%. In addition, this paper presents ERE analysis of III-V 2-junction upper solar cells for improving III-V/Si 3-junction tandem solar cells. Several ways to improve efficiency of III-V/Si 3-junction tandem solar cells by reducing non-radiative recombination, optical and resistance losses are shown.展开更多
The Si tandem solar cells composes of III-V, II-VI, chalcogenide and perovskite top cells and Si bottom cells are very attractive for creation of new markets. The perovskite/Si tandem solar cells are thought to be one...The Si tandem solar cells composes of III-V, II-VI, chalcogenide and perovskite top cells and Si bottom cells are very attractive for creation of new markets. The perovskite/Si tandem solar cells are thought to be one of the most promising PV devices because of high-efficiency and low-cost potential. However, efficiencies of perovskite/Si tandem solar cells with an efficiency of 29.8% are lower compared to 39.5% with III-V 3-junction tandem solar cells and 35.9% with III-V/Si 3-junction tandem solar cells. Therefore, it is necessary to clarify and reduce several losses of perovskite/Si tandem solar cells. This paper presents high efficiency potential of perovskite/Si tandem solar cells analyzed by using our analytical procedure and discusses about non-radiative recombination, optical and resistance losses in those tandem solar cells. The perovskite/Si 2-junction tandem solar cells is shown to have efficiency potential of 37.4% as a result of non-radiative recombination loss of 2.3%, optical loss of 2.7% and resistance loss of 3.1%. Although the perovskite/Si 3-junction tandem solar cells are thought to be very attractive because of higher efficiency with an efficiency of more than 42%, decreasing non-radiative recombination loss in wide bandgap perovskite solar cell materials is pointed out to be necessary.展开更多
Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) with a composite optical structure composed of phase-grating and optical cavity structures are designed to enhance both the system detection efficiency and t...Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) with a composite optical structure composed of phase-grating and optical cavity structures are designed to enhance both the system detection efficiency and the response bandwidth. Numerical simulation by the finite-difference time-domain method shows that the photon absorption capacity of SNSPDs with a composite optical structure can be enhanced significantly by adjusting the parameters of the phase-grating and optical cavity structures at multiple frequency bands. The absorption capacity of the superconducting nanowires reaches 70%, 72%, 60.73%, 61.7%, 41.2%, and 46.5% at wavelengths of 684, 850, 732, 924, 1256, and 1426nm, respectively. The use of a composite optical structure reduces the total filling factor of superconducting nanowires to only 0.25, decreases the kinetic inductance of SNSPDs, and improves the count rates.展开更多
Development of highly-efficient photovoltaic (PV) modules and expanding its application fields are significant for the further development of PV technologies and realization of innovative green energy infrastructure b...Development of highly-efficient photovoltaic (PV) modules and expanding its application fields are significant for the further development of PV technologies and realization of innovative green energy infrastructure based on PV. Especially, development of solar-powered vehicles as a new application is highly desired and very important for this end. This paper presents the impact of PV cell/module conversion efficiency on reduction in CO</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> emission and increase in driving range of the electric based vehicles. Our studies show that the utilization of a highly-efficient (higher than 30%) PV module enables the solar-powered vehicle to drive 30 km/day without charging in the case of light weig</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">h</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">t cars with elec</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">t</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ric mileage of 17</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">km/kWh under solar irrad</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">i</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">a</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">t</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ion of 3.7</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">kWh/m</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">/day, which means that the majority of the family cars in Japan can run only by the sunlight without supplying fossil fuels. Thus, it is essential to develop high-efficiency as well as low-cost solar cells and modules for automotive applications. The analytical results developed by the authors for conversion efficiency potential of various solar cells for choosing candidates of the PV modules for automotive applications are shown. Then we overview the conversion efficiency potential and recent progress of various Si tandem solar cells, such as III-V/Si, II-VI/Si, chalcopyrite/Si, and perovskite/Si tandem solar cells. The III-V/Si tandem solar cells are expected to have a high potential for various applications because of its high conversion efficiency of larger than 36% for dual-junction and 42% for triple-junction solar cells under 1-sun AM1.5 G illumination, lightweight and low-cost potentials. The analysis show</span></span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">s</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> that III-V based multi-junction and Si based tandem solar cells are considered to be promising candidates for the automotive application. Finally, we report recent results for our 28.2% efficiency and Sharp’s 33% mechanically stacked InGaP/GaAs/Si triple-junction solar cell. In addition, new approaches which </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">are</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> suitable for automotive applications by using III-V triple-junction, and static low concentrator PV modules are also presented.展开更多
Efficiently routing the quantum signals between different channels is essential in a quantum multichannel network.We investigate the quantum routing in a multi-cross-shaped waveguide coupled to driven three-level syst...Efficiently routing the quantum signals between different channels is essential in a quantum multichannel network.We investigate the quantum routing in a multi-cross-shaped waveguide coupled to driven three-level systems.Numerical results show that the high routing capacity transferring from the input channel to the other channels can be explicitly enhanced by effective reflection potentials. The proposed system may be utilized as a scalable quantum device to control single-photon routing.展开更多
Proceeding from the specific characteristics of PAL television signals adopted in China this paper points out that if the fs = 2fsc of sub-Nyquist sampling and DPCM encoding is used for PAL complete signal and if the ...Proceeding from the specific characteristics of PAL television signals adopted in China this paper points out that if the fs = 2fsc of sub-Nyquist sampling and DPCM encoding is used for PAL complete signal and if the blanking time is utilized to transmit code of effective area, it is possible to transmit a color TV signal over PCM three-group channel.展开更多
Bottom-emitting organic light-emitting diodes (BOLEDs), using AI/MoO3 as the semitransparent anode and LiF/Al as the reflective cathode and Alqa as the emitter, are fabricated. At the same time, the performance impr...Bottom-emitting organic light-emitting diodes (BOLEDs), using AI/MoO3 as the semitransparent anode and LiF/Al as the reflective cathode and Alqa as the emitter, are fabricated. At the same time, the performance improvement of the BOLEDs having a capping layer inserted between the semitransparent anode and the glass substrate is studied. The optimized microcavity BOLED shows a current efficiency (5.49cd/A) enhancement of 10% compared with a conventional BOLED based on ITO (5.0cd/A). Slight color variation is observed in 120° forward viewing angle with 5Onto BCP as the capping layer. Strong dependence of efficiency on A1 anode thickness and the thickness and refractor index of the capping layer is explained. The results indicate that the BOLEDs with the double-aluminum electrode have potential practical applications.展开更多
A high-efficiency green phosphorescent organic light emitting diode with a simplified structure is achieved that is free of a hole transport layer. The design of this kind of device structure not only saves the consum...A high-efficiency green phosphorescent organic light emitting diode with a simplified structure is achieved that is free of a hole transport layer. The design of this kind of device structure not only saves the consumption of organic materials but also greatly reduces the structural heterogeneities and effectively facilitates the charge injection into the emissive layer. The resulting green phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (PHOLEDs) exhibit higher electroluminescent efficiency. The maximum external quantum efficiency and current efficiency reach 23.7% and 88 cd/A, respectively. Moreover the device demonstrates satisfactory stability, keeping 23.7% and 88cd/A, 22% and 82cd/A, respectively, at a luminance of 100 and 1000cd/m2. The working mechanism for achieving high efficiency based on such a simple device structure is discussed correspondingly. The improved charge carrier injection and transport balance are proved to prominently contribute to achieve the high efficiency and great stability at high luminance in the green PHOLEDs.展开更多
The lithium-sulfur(Li-S)battery with an ultrahigh theoretical energy density has emerged as a promising rechargeable battery system.However,the practical applications of Li-S batteries are severely plagued by the slug...The lithium-sulfur(Li-S)battery with an ultrahigh theoretical energy density has emerged as a promising rechargeable battery system.However,the practical applications of Li-S batteries are severely plagued by the sluggish reaction kinetics of sulfur species and notorious shuttling of soluble lithium polysulfides(LiPSs)intermediates that result in low sulfur utilization.The introduction of functional layers on separators has been considered as an effective strategy to improve the sulfur utilization in Li-S batteries by achieving effective regulation of LiPSs.Herein,a promising self-assembly strategy is proposed to achieve the low-cost fabrication of hollow and hierarchically porous Fe_(3)O_(4)nanospheres(p-Fe_(3)O_(4)-NSs)assembled by numerous extremely-small primary nanocrystals as building blocks.The rationally-designed p-Fe_(3)O_(4)-NSs are utilized as a multifunctional layer on the separator with highly efficient trapping and conversion features toward LiPSs.Results demonstrate that the nanostructured p-Fe_(3)O_(4)-NSs provide chemical adsorption toward LiPSs and kinetically promote the mutual transformation between LiPSs and Li_(2)S_(2)/Li_(2)S during cycling,thus inhibiting the LiPSs shuttling and boosting the redox reaction kinetics via a chemisorption-catalytic conversion mechanism.The enhanced wettability of the p-Fe_(3)O_(4)-NSs-based separator with the electrolyte enables fast transportation of lithium ions.Benefitting from these alluring properties,the functionalized separator with p-Fe_(3)O_(4)-NSs endows the battery with an admirable rate performance of 877 mAh g^(−1)at 2 C,an ultra-durable cycling performance of up to 2176 cycles at 1 C,and a promising areal capacity of 4.55 mAh cm^(−2)under high-sulfur-loading and lean-electrolyte conditions(4.29 mg cm^(−2),electrolyte/ratio:8μl mg^(−1)).This study will offer fresh insights on the rational design and low-cost fabrication of multifunctional separator to strengthen electrochemical reaction kinetics by regulating LiPSs conversion for developing efficient and long-life Li-S batteries.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to screen high-efficiency compound formulations and precise application technologies for the prevention and control of sugarcane brown stripe disease.[Methods]Carbendazim,benomyl,c...[Objectives]This study was conducted to screen high-efficiency compound formulations and precise application technologies for the prevention and control of sugarcane brown stripe disease.[Methods]Carbendazim,benomyl,chlorothalonil,azoxystrobin,pyraclostrobine and difenoconazole·azoxystrobin were selected for field efficacy tests.[Results]Three formulations,(50%carbendazim WP 1500 g+75%chlorothalonil WP 1500 g+potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2400 g+agricultural synergist 300 ml)/hm^(2),(50%benomyl WP 1500 g+75%chlorothalonil WP 1500 g+potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2400 g+agricultural synergist 300 ml)/hm^(2) and(25%pyraclostrobin 600 ml+potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2400 g+agricultural synergist 300 ml)/hm^(2) had good control effects on sugarcane brown stripe disease,and showed disease index below 14.02 and control efficacy above 84.41%.The three formulations are ideal high-efficiency compound formulations for the prevention and control of sugarcane brown stripe disease.They can be sprayed manually and by unmanned aerial vehicles on the foliar surface from July to August,once every 7 to 10 d,continuously for 2 times.[Conclusions]This study provides new technical support for accurate and efficient prevention and control of sugarcane brown stripe disease.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to screen high-efficiency compound formulations and precise application technologies for the prevention and control of sugarcane brown rust. [Methods] Zineb, dinconazole, mancozeb,...[Objectives]This study was conducted to screen high-efficiency compound formulations and precise application technologies for the prevention and control of sugarcane brown rust. [Methods] Zineb, dinconazole, mancozeb, azoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin, difenoconazole·azoxystrobin, chlorothalonil and carbendazim were selected for field efficacy tests. [Results] Four formulations,(65% zineb WP 1 500 g+75% chlorothalonil WP 1 500 g+potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2 400 g+agricultural synergist 300 ml)/hm^(2),(12.5% dinconazole WP 1 500 g +75% chlorothalonil WP 1 500 g+potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2 400 g+agricultural synergist 300 ml)/hm^(2),(80% mancozeb WP 1 500 g+75% chlorothalonil WP 1 500 g+potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2 400 g+agricultural synergist 300 ml)/hm^(2) and(30% difenoconazole·azoxystrobin SC 900 ml+potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2 400 g+agricultural synergist 300 ml) had good control efficacy on sugarcane brown rust, and showed disease indexes all below 18.79 and control efficacy over 80.53%. The four formulations are ideal high-efficiency compound formulations for the prevention and control of sugarcane brown rust. They can be sprayed manually and by unmanned aerial vehicles on the foliar surface from July to August, once every 7 to 10 d, continuously for 2 times. [Conclusions] This study provides new technical support for accurate and efficient prevention and control of sugarcane rust.展开更多
基金Funded by Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U1904188)the Jiangxi Provincial Department of Education Science and Technology Project(Nos.GJJ171079,GJJ181023,and GJJ181022)。
文摘To solve the problem of only surface carbonation and realize high-efficiency carbonation of recycled coarse aggregate,the method of carbonated recycled coarse aggregate with nano materials pre-soaking was first put forward.The carbonation effect of modified recycled coarse aggregate with three different carbonation methods was evaluated,and water absorption,apparent density and crush index of modified recycled coarse aggregate were measured.Combined with XRD,SEM,and MIP microscopic analysis,the high-efficiency carbonation strengthening mechanism of modified recycled coarse aggregate was revealed.The experimental results show that,compared with the non-carbonated recycled coarse aggregate,the physical and microscopic properties of carbonated recycled coarse aggregate are improved.The method of carbonation with nano-SiO_(2) pre-soaking can realize the high-efficiency carbonation of recycled coarse aggregate,for modified recycled coarse aggregate with the method,water absorption is reduced by 23.03%,porosity is reduced by 44.06%,and the average pore diameter is 21.82 nm.The high-efficiency carbonation strengthening mechanism show that the pre-socked nano-SiO_(2) is bound to the hydration product Ca(OH)_(2) of the old mortar with nano-scale C-S-H,which can improve the CO_(2) absorption rate,accelerate the carbonation reaction,generate more stable CaCO_(3) and nano-scale silica gel,and bond to the dense three-dimensional network structure to realize the bidirectional enhancement of nano-materials and pressurized carbonation.It is concluded that the method of carbonation with nano-SiO_(2) pre-soaking is a novel high-efficiency carbonation modification of recycled coarse aggregate.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61904166,22209145)the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province(2022NSFSC0258)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(YJ2021129)。
文摘The unique advantages of one-dimensional(1D)oriented nanostructures in light-trapping and chargetransport make them competitive candidates in photovoltaic(PV)devices.Since the emergence of perovskite solar cells(PSCs),1D nanostructured electron transport materials(ETMs)have drawn tremendous interest.However,the power conversion efficiencies(PCEs)of these devices have always significantly lagged behind their mesoscopic and planar counterparts.High-efficiency PSCs with 1D ETMs showing efficiency over 22%were just realized in the most recent studies.It yet lacks a comprehensive review covering the development of 1D ETMs and their application in PSCs.We hence timely summarize the advances in 1D ETMs-based solar cells,emphasizing on the fundamental and optimization issues of charge separation and collection ability,and their influence on PV performance.After sketching the classification and requirements for high-efficiency 1D nanostructured solar cells,we highlight the applicability of 1D TiO_(2)nanostructures in PSCs,including nanotubes,nanorods,nanocones,and nanopyramids,and carefully analyze how the electrostatic field affects cell performance.Other kinds of oriented nanostructures,e.g.,ZnO and SnO_(2)ETMs,are also described.Finally,we discuss the challenges and propose some potential strategies to further boost device performance.This review provides a broad range of valuable work in this fast-developing field,which we hope will stimulate research enthusiasm to push PSCs to an unprecedented level.
文摘[Objectives]To select zucchini varieties suitable for cultivation in Zibo City and test its high-yield cultivation techniques.[Methods]Six zucchini varieties were introduced,and their commercial quality and yield were determined.[Results]The yield of Shengfeier,Xiuyu 170 and Xihulu 309 increased by 11.4%,6.9%and 4.6%,respectively compared with S68(control),and zucchini was straight,looked pleasing to the eye,and had strong disease resistance.[Conclusions]The zucchini varieties were selected and the high-quality,high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation techniques were integrated.
基金Centre for Atmospheric Research,Nigeria,for providing the research grant required to conduct this study。
文摘Low-cost GNSS receivers have recently been gaining reliability as good candidates for ionospheric studies. In line with these gains are genuine concerns about improving the performance of these receivers. In this work, we present a comprehensive investigation of the performances of two antennas(the u-blox ANN-MB and the TOPGNSS TOP-106) used on a low-cost GNSS receiver known as the u-blox ZED-F9P. The two antennas were installed on two identical and co-located u-blox receivers. Data used from both receivers cover the period from January to June 2022. Results from the study indicate that the signal strengths are dominantly greater for the receiver with the TOPGNSS antenna than for the receiver with the ANN-MB antenna, implying that the TOPGNSS antenna is better than the ANN-MB antenna in terms of providing greater signal strengths. Summarily, the TOPGNSS antenna also performed better in minimizing the occurrence of cycle slips on phase TEC measurements. There are no conspicuous differences between the variances(computed as 5-min standard deviations) of phase TEC measurements for the two antennas, except for a period around May-June when the TOPGNSS gave a better performance in terms of minimizing the variances in phase TEC. Remarkably, the ANN-MB antenna gave a better performance than the TOPGNSS antenna in terms of minimizing the variances in pseudorange TEC for some satellite observations. For precise horizontal(North and East) positioning, the receiver with the TOPGNSS antenna gave better results, while the receiver with the ANN-MB antenna gave better vertical(Up) positioning. The errors for the receivers of both antennas are typically within about 5 m(the monthly mean was usually smaller than 1 m) in the horizontal direction and within about 10 m(the monthly mean was usually smaller than 4 m) in the vertical direction.
基金funded by the project scheme of the Publication Writing-IPR Incentive Program(PPHKI)2022Directorate of Research and Community Service(DRPM)Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember(ITS)Surabaya,Indonesia for the financial supports。
文摘For the last two decades,low-cost Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)receivers have been used in various applications.These receivers are mini-size,less expensive than geodetic-grade receivers,and in high demand.Irrespective of these outstanding features,low-cost GNSS receivers are potentially poorer hardwares with internal signal processing,resulting in lower quality.They typically come with low-cost GNSS antenna that has lower performance than their counterparts,particularly for multipath mitigation.Therefore,this research evaluated the low-cost GNSS device performance using a high-rate kinematic survey.For this purpose,these receivers were assembled with an Inertial Measurement Unit(IMU)sensor,which actively transmited data on acceleration and orientation rate during the observation.The position and navigation parameter data were obtained from the IMU readings,even without GNSS signals via the U-blox F9R GNSS/IMU device mounted on a vehicle.This research was conducted in an area with demanding conditions,such as an open sky area,an urban environment,and a shopping mall basement,to examine the device’s performance.The data were processed by two approaches:the Single Point Positioning-IMU(SPP/IMU)and the Differential GNSS-IMU(DGNSS/IMU).The Unscented Kalman Filter(UKF)was selected as a filtering algorithm due to its excellent performance in handling nonlinear system models.The result showed that integrating GNSS/IMU in SPP processing mode could increase the accuracy in eastward and northward components up to 68.28%and 66.64%.Integration of DGNSS/IMU increased the accuracy in eastward and northward components to 93.02%and 93.03%compared to the positioning of standalone GNSS.In addition,the positioning accuracy can be improved by reducing the IMU noise using low-pass and high-pass filters.This application could still not gain the expected position accuracy under signal outage conditions.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.10674047,10804031,10904037,10904060,10974055,11034002,and61205198)the National Key Basic Research and Development Program of China(Grant Nos.2006CB921604 and 2011CB921602)+2 种基金the Basic Key Program of Shanghai Municipality,China(Grant No.07JC14017)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universitiesthe Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project,China(Grant No.B408)
文摘We propose a controllable high-efficiency electrostatic surface trap for cold polar molecules on a chip by using two insulator-embedded charged rings and a grounded conductor plate. We calculate Stark energy structure pattern of ND3 molecules in an external electric field using the method of matrix diagonalization. We analyze how the voltages that are applied to the ring electrodes affect the depth of the efficient well and the controllability of the distance between the trap center and the surface of the chip. To obtain a better understanding, we simulate the dynamical loading and trapping processes of ND3 molecules in a |J, KM = |1,-1 state by using classical Monte–Carlo method. Our study shows that the loading efficiency of our trap can reach ~ 88%. Finally, we study the adiabatic cooling of cold molecules in our surface trap by linearly lowering the potential-well depth(i.e., lowering the trapping voltage), and find that the temperature of the trapped ND3 molecules can be adiabatically cooled from 34.5 m K to ~ 5.8 m K when the trapping voltage is reduced from-35 k V to-3 k V.
基金This project is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.50475052)Provincial Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning (No.20022161)Provincial Scientific Research Plan of Education Office of Uaoning(No.202223206).
文摘A new thermal model with triangular heat flux distribution is given in high-efficiency deep grinding. The mathematical expressions are driven to calculate the surface temperature. The transient behavior of the maximum temperature on contact area is investigated in different grinding conditions with a J-type thermocouple. The maximum contact temperatures measured in different conditions are found to be between 1 000 ℃ and 1 500 ℃ in burn-out conditions. The experiment results show good agreement with the new thermal model.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 61275142,61308042,and 51321091the National Key Scientific Instrument and Equipment Development Project under Grant No 2011YQ030127the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation under Grant No 2014T70633
文摘We demonstrate a high-emciency mid-infrared picosecond optical parametric oscillator (OPO) based on MgO doped periodically poled lithium niobate (MgO:PPLN) with a laser diode array (LDA) pumped Innoslab amplifier as the pumping source. Under a 16 W synchronously pumping power, 4.5 W of idler light at 2896nm is obtained. A tuning range of idler light from 2688nm to 3016nm is achieved, within which the highest optical-optical conversion ettlciency from pump power to OPO output is 35.1%. Moreover, a signal light of -500mW from 1644 to 1700nm with a repetition rate of 233.8 MHz is generated.
基金supported by the Beijing Scholars Program[BSP041]。
文摘The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)–CRISPR-associated protein(Cas) system has been widely used for genome editing. In this system, the cytosine base editor(CBE) and adenine base editor(ABE) allow generating precise and irreversible base mutations in a programmable manner and have been used in many different types of cells and organisms. However, their applications are limited by low editing efficiency at certain genomic target sites or at specific target cytosine(C) or adenine(A) residues. Using a strategy of combining optimized synergistic core components, we developed a new multiplex super-assembled ABE(sABE) in rice that showed higher base-editing efficiency than previously developed ABEs. We also designed a new type of nuclear localization signal(NLS) comprising a FLAG epitope tag with four copies of a codon-optimized NLS(F4NLS^(r2)) to generate another ABE named F4NLS-sABE. This new NLS increased editing efficiency or edited additional A at several target sites. A new multiplex super-assembled CBE(sCBE) and F4NLS^(r2) involved F4NLS-sCBE were also created using the same strategy. F4NLS-sCBE was proven to be much more efficient than sCBE in rice. These optimized base editors will serve as powerful genome-editing tools for basic research or molecular breeding in rice and will provide a reference for the development of superior editing tools for other plants or animals.
文摘The Si tandem solar cells are very attractive for realizing high efficiency and low cost. This paper overviews current status of III-V/Si tandem solar cells including our results. The analytical results for efficiency potential of Si tandem solar cells and loss analysis of Si bottom cells as well as bandgap energy optimization of sub-cells are presented. The 2-junction and 3-junction Si tandem solar cells have potential efficiencies of 36% and 42%, respectively. ERE (external radiative efficiency) analysis for Si solar cells is analyzed in or</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">der to clarify properties of Si bottom solar cells. Properties of single-crystalline Si heterojunction solar cell</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> fabricated in this study were analyzed. The current </span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">status of efficiencies of our Si bottom cell, upper III-V 2-junction solar cell and III-V/Si 3-junction tandem solar cell was shown to be 5.2% and 28.6% and 33.8%. Achievement of </span><span style="white-space:nowrap;font-family:Verdana;"><i></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">J</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">sc</span><span style="white-space:nowrap;font-family:Verdana;"></i></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></sub></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> of 12 mA/cm</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> for Si bottom cell is necessary to realize high-efficiency 3-junction Si tandem solar cells with an efficiency of</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> more than 37%. In addition, this paper presents ERE analysis of III-V 2-junction upper solar cells for improving III-V/Si 3-junction tandem solar cells. Several ways to improve efficiency of III-V/Si 3-junction tandem solar cells by reducing non-radiative recombination, optical and resistance losses are shown.
文摘The Si tandem solar cells composes of III-V, II-VI, chalcogenide and perovskite top cells and Si bottom cells are very attractive for creation of new markets. The perovskite/Si tandem solar cells are thought to be one of the most promising PV devices because of high-efficiency and low-cost potential. However, efficiencies of perovskite/Si tandem solar cells with an efficiency of 29.8% are lower compared to 39.5% with III-V 3-junction tandem solar cells and 35.9% with III-V/Si 3-junction tandem solar cells. Therefore, it is necessary to clarify and reduce several losses of perovskite/Si tandem solar cells. This paper presents high efficiency potential of perovskite/Si tandem solar cells analyzed by using our analytical procedure and discusses about non-radiative recombination, optical and resistance losses in those tandem solar cells. The perovskite/Si 2-junction tandem solar cells is shown to have efficiency potential of 37.4% as a result of non-radiative recombination loss of 2.3%, optical loss of 2.7% and resistance loss of 3.1%. Although the perovskite/Si 3-junction tandem solar cells are thought to be very attractive because of higher efficiency with an efficiency of more than 42%, decreasing non-radiative recombination loss in wide bandgap perovskite solar cell materials is pointed out to be necessary.
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China under Grant Nos 2011CBA00100 and 2011CBA00200the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 11227904 and 61101012+1 种基金the National High-Technology ResearchDevelopment Program of China under Grant No 2011AA010204the Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Techniques for Manipulating Electromagnetic Waves
文摘Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) with a composite optical structure composed of phase-grating and optical cavity structures are designed to enhance both the system detection efficiency and the response bandwidth. Numerical simulation by the finite-difference time-domain method shows that the photon absorption capacity of SNSPDs with a composite optical structure can be enhanced significantly by adjusting the parameters of the phase-grating and optical cavity structures at multiple frequency bands. The absorption capacity of the superconducting nanowires reaches 70%, 72%, 60.73%, 61.7%, 41.2%, and 46.5% at wavelengths of 684, 850, 732, 924, 1256, and 1426nm, respectively. The use of a composite optical structure reduces the total filling factor of superconducting nanowires to only 0.25, decreases the kinetic inductance of SNSPDs, and improves the count rates.
文摘Development of highly-efficient photovoltaic (PV) modules and expanding its application fields are significant for the further development of PV technologies and realization of innovative green energy infrastructure based on PV. Especially, development of solar-powered vehicles as a new application is highly desired and very important for this end. This paper presents the impact of PV cell/module conversion efficiency on reduction in CO</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> emission and increase in driving range of the electric based vehicles. Our studies show that the utilization of a highly-efficient (higher than 30%) PV module enables the solar-powered vehicle to drive 30 km/day without charging in the case of light weig</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">h</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">t cars with elec</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">t</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ric mileage of 17</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">km/kWh under solar irrad</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">i</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">a</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">t</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ion of 3.7</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">kWh/m</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">/day, which means that the majority of the family cars in Japan can run only by the sunlight without supplying fossil fuels. Thus, it is essential to develop high-efficiency as well as low-cost solar cells and modules for automotive applications. The analytical results developed by the authors for conversion efficiency potential of various solar cells for choosing candidates of the PV modules for automotive applications are shown. Then we overview the conversion efficiency potential and recent progress of various Si tandem solar cells, such as III-V/Si, II-VI/Si, chalcopyrite/Si, and perovskite/Si tandem solar cells. The III-V/Si tandem solar cells are expected to have a high potential for various applications because of its high conversion efficiency of larger than 36% for dual-junction and 42% for triple-junction solar cells under 1-sun AM1.5 G illumination, lightweight and low-cost potentials. The analysis show</span></span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">s</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> that III-V based multi-junction and Si based tandem solar cells are considered to be promising candidates for the automotive application. Finally, we report recent results for our 28.2% efficiency and Sharp’s 33% mechanically stacked InGaP/GaAs/Si triple-junction solar cell. In addition, new approaches which </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">are</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> suitable for automotive applications by using III-V triple-junction, and static low concentrator PV modules are also presented.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 11247032 and 61765007the Scientific Research Foundation of the Jiangxi Provincial Education Department under Grant Nos GJJ170556 and GJJ180424
文摘Efficiently routing the quantum signals between different channels is essential in a quantum multichannel network.We investigate the quantum routing in a multi-cross-shaped waveguide coupled to driven three-level systems.Numerical results show that the high routing capacity transferring from the input channel to the other channels can be explicitly enhanced by effective reflection potentials. The proposed system may be utilized as a scalable quantum device to control single-photon routing.
文摘Proceeding from the specific characteristics of PAL television signals adopted in China this paper points out that if the fs = 2fsc of sub-Nyquist sampling and DPCM encoding is used for PAL complete signal and if the blanking time is utilized to transmit code of effective area, it is possible to transmit a color TV signal over PCM three-group channel.
基金Supported by the Nanjing University of Telecommunications and Posts under Grant Nos NY212010 and NY212034the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 91233117 and 51333007+2 种基金the Natural Science Fund in Jiangsu Province under Grant No BK2012834the National Basic Research Program of China under Grant No 2015CB932200the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
文摘Bottom-emitting organic light-emitting diodes (BOLEDs), using AI/MoO3 as the semitransparent anode and LiF/Al as the reflective cathode and Alqa as the emitter, are fabricated. At the same time, the performance improvement of the BOLEDs having a capping layer inserted between the semitransparent anode and the glass substrate is studied. The optimized microcavity BOLED shows a current efficiency (5.49cd/A) enhancement of 10% compared with a conventional BOLED based on ITO (5.0cd/A). Slight color variation is observed in 120° forward viewing angle with 5Onto BCP as the capping layer. Strong dependence of efficiency on A1 anode thickness and the thickness and refractor index of the capping layer is explained. The results indicate that the BOLEDs with the double-aluminum electrode have potential practical applications.
基金Supported by the Nanjing University of Telecommunication and Posts under Grant No NY212010the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 91233117,50973104 and 51333007+2 种基金the Natural Science Fund of Jiangsu Province under Grant No BK2012834the National Basic Research Program of China under Grant No 2015CB932200the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
文摘A high-efficiency green phosphorescent organic light emitting diode with a simplified structure is achieved that is free of a hole transport layer. The design of this kind of device structure not only saves the consumption of organic materials but also greatly reduces the structural heterogeneities and effectively facilitates the charge injection into the emissive layer. The resulting green phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (PHOLEDs) exhibit higher electroluminescent efficiency. The maximum external quantum efficiency and current efficiency reach 23.7% and 88 cd/A, respectively. Moreover the device demonstrates satisfactory stability, keeping 23.7% and 88cd/A, 22% and 82cd/A, respectively, at a luminance of 100 and 1000cd/m2. The working mechanism for achieving high efficiency based on such a simple device structure is discussed correspondingly. The improved charge carrier injection and transport balance are proved to prominently contribute to achieve the high efficiency and great stability at high luminance in the green PHOLEDs.
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. U22A20193 and 51975218)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No. 2022ZYGXZR101)+3 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (No. 2021A1515010642)GuangdongHong Kong Joint Innovation Project of Guangdong Province(No. 2021A0505110002)Guangdong-Foshan Joint Foundation (No. 2021B1515120031)Innovation Group Project of Foshan (No. 2120001010816)
文摘The lithium-sulfur(Li-S)battery with an ultrahigh theoretical energy density has emerged as a promising rechargeable battery system.However,the practical applications of Li-S batteries are severely plagued by the sluggish reaction kinetics of sulfur species and notorious shuttling of soluble lithium polysulfides(LiPSs)intermediates that result in low sulfur utilization.The introduction of functional layers on separators has been considered as an effective strategy to improve the sulfur utilization in Li-S batteries by achieving effective regulation of LiPSs.Herein,a promising self-assembly strategy is proposed to achieve the low-cost fabrication of hollow and hierarchically porous Fe_(3)O_(4)nanospheres(p-Fe_(3)O_(4)-NSs)assembled by numerous extremely-small primary nanocrystals as building blocks.The rationally-designed p-Fe_(3)O_(4)-NSs are utilized as a multifunctional layer on the separator with highly efficient trapping and conversion features toward LiPSs.Results demonstrate that the nanostructured p-Fe_(3)O_(4)-NSs provide chemical adsorption toward LiPSs and kinetically promote the mutual transformation between LiPSs and Li_(2)S_(2)/Li_(2)S during cycling,thus inhibiting the LiPSs shuttling and boosting the redox reaction kinetics via a chemisorption-catalytic conversion mechanism.The enhanced wettability of the p-Fe_(3)O_(4)-NSs-based separator with the electrolyte enables fast transportation of lithium ions.Benefitting from these alluring properties,the functionalized separator with p-Fe_(3)O_(4)-NSs endows the battery with an admirable rate performance of 877 mAh g^(−1)at 2 C,an ultra-durable cycling performance of up to 2176 cycles at 1 C,and a promising areal capacity of 4.55 mAh cm^(−2)under high-sulfur-loading and lean-electrolyte conditions(4.29 mg cm^(−2),electrolyte/ratio:8μl mg^(−1)).This study will offer fresh insights on the rational design and low-cost fabrication of multifunctional separator to strengthen electrochemical reaction kinetics by regulating LiPSs conversion for developing efficient and long-life Li-S batteries.
基金Supported by China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-170303)Yunling Industrial Technology Leading Talent Training Project(2018LJRC56)+1 种基金Special Fund for the Construction of Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System in Yunnan ProvinceNanhua Research and Development Institution-Enterprise Cooperation Project of Nanhua City。
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to screen high-efficiency compound formulations and precise application technologies for the prevention and control of sugarcane brown stripe disease.[Methods]Carbendazim,benomyl,chlorothalonil,azoxystrobin,pyraclostrobine and difenoconazole·azoxystrobin were selected for field efficacy tests.[Results]Three formulations,(50%carbendazim WP 1500 g+75%chlorothalonil WP 1500 g+potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2400 g+agricultural synergist 300 ml)/hm^(2),(50%benomyl WP 1500 g+75%chlorothalonil WP 1500 g+potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2400 g+agricultural synergist 300 ml)/hm^(2) and(25%pyraclostrobin 600 ml+potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2400 g+agricultural synergist 300 ml)/hm^(2) had good control effects on sugarcane brown stripe disease,and showed disease index below 14.02 and control efficacy above 84.41%.The three formulations are ideal high-efficiency compound formulations for the prevention and control of sugarcane brown stripe disease.They can be sprayed manually and by unmanned aerial vehicles on the foliar surface from July to August,once every 7 to 10 d,continuously for 2 times.[Conclusions]This study provides new technical support for accurate and efficient prevention and control of sugarcane brown stripe disease.
基金Supported by China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA (CARS-170303)Yunling Industrial Technology Leading Talent Training Project(2018LJRC56)+1 种基金Special Fund for the Construction of Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System in Yunnan ProvinceNanhua Research and Development Institution-Enterprise Cooperation Project。
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to screen high-efficiency compound formulations and precise application technologies for the prevention and control of sugarcane brown rust. [Methods] Zineb, dinconazole, mancozeb, azoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin, difenoconazole·azoxystrobin, chlorothalonil and carbendazim were selected for field efficacy tests. [Results] Four formulations,(65% zineb WP 1 500 g+75% chlorothalonil WP 1 500 g+potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2 400 g+agricultural synergist 300 ml)/hm^(2),(12.5% dinconazole WP 1 500 g +75% chlorothalonil WP 1 500 g+potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2 400 g+agricultural synergist 300 ml)/hm^(2),(80% mancozeb WP 1 500 g+75% chlorothalonil WP 1 500 g+potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2 400 g+agricultural synergist 300 ml)/hm^(2) and(30% difenoconazole·azoxystrobin SC 900 ml+potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2 400 g+agricultural synergist 300 ml) had good control efficacy on sugarcane brown rust, and showed disease indexes all below 18.79 and control efficacy over 80.53%. The four formulations are ideal high-efficiency compound formulations for the prevention and control of sugarcane brown rust. They can be sprayed manually and by unmanned aerial vehicles on the foliar surface from July to August, once every 7 to 10 d, continuously for 2 times. [Conclusions] This study provides new technical support for accurate and efficient prevention and control of sugarcane rust.