Hydraulic fracturing is a critical technology for the economic development of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs.The main factor influencing fracture propping and reservoir stimulation effect is proppant performanc...Hydraulic fracturing is a critical technology for the economic development of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs.The main factor influencing fracture propping and reservoir stimulation effect is proppant performance.The increasing depth of fractured oil and gas reservoirs is causing growing difficulty in hydraulic fracturing.Moreover,the migration of conventional proppants within the fracture is always limited due to small fracture width and rigid proppant structure.Thus,proppants with good transportation capacity and fracture propping effects are needed.First,a novel self-generated proppant based on toughened low-viscosity and low-density epoxy resin was developed to satisfy this demand.Then,proppant performances were evaluated.Low-viscosity and low-density epoxy resin was generated when the thiol-ene click chemical reaction product of eugenol and 1-thioglycerol reacts with the epichlorohydrin.Then,the resin was toughened with graphite particles to increase its compressive strength from50.8 to 72.1 MPa based on micro-cracking mechanism and crazing-nail anchor mechanism.The adduct of diethylene triamine and butyl glycidyl ether and the Si O2 nanoparticles were treated as the curing agent and emulsifier respectively to form the emulsion.The emulsion is transformed into solid particles of various sizes within a reservoir to prop the fracture.Evaluation shows good migration capacity of this self-generated proppant due to the low density of epoxy resin.展开更多
Based on the needs of the market,a new 52 MPa medium-density and high-strength ceramic proppant was prepared by adopting third grade bauxite and clay as raw materials and using the solid phase sintering method,and the...Based on the needs of the market,a new 52 MPa medium-density and high-strength ceramic proppant was prepared by adopting third grade bauxite and clay as raw materials and using the solid phase sintering method,and the effect of the firing temperature on the microstructure,phase composition and mechanical properties of the ceramic proppant was studied. The broken resistance mechanism of this ceramic proppant was also discussed. The results show that the main phases of the prepared ceramic proppant are mullite and corundum; the broken rates are 3. 92% and 7. 21% under 52 MPa and69 MPa,respectively.展开更多
基金financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52074332)express their gratitude to project ZR2020YQ36 supported by Shandong Provincial Science Fund for Excellent Young Scholars+1 种基金the Major Scientific and Technological Projects of CNPC under Grand ZD 2019-184-002-003CNPC Innovation Found(Grant No.2021DQ02-1006)。
文摘Hydraulic fracturing is a critical technology for the economic development of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs.The main factor influencing fracture propping and reservoir stimulation effect is proppant performance.The increasing depth of fractured oil and gas reservoirs is causing growing difficulty in hydraulic fracturing.Moreover,the migration of conventional proppants within the fracture is always limited due to small fracture width and rigid proppant structure.Thus,proppants with good transportation capacity and fracture propping effects are needed.First,a novel self-generated proppant based on toughened low-viscosity and low-density epoxy resin was developed to satisfy this demand.Then,proppant performances were evaluated.Low-viscosity and low-density epoxy resin was generated when the thiol-ene click chemical reaction product of eugenol and 1-thioglycerol reacts with the epichlorohydrin.Then,the resin was toughened with graphite particles to increase its compressive strength from50.8 to 72.1 MPa based on micro-cracking mechanism and crazing-nail anchor mechanism.The adduct of diethylene triamine and butyl glycidyl ether and the Si O2 nanoparticles were treated as the curing agent and emulsifier respectively to form the emulsion.The emulsion is transformed into solid particles of various sizes within a reservoir to prop the fracture.Evaluation shows good migration capacity of this self-generated proppant due to the low density of epoxy resin.
基金supported by Shanxi Coal Sustainable Development Fund Project ( 20131766 )Shanxi Outstanding Graduate Innovation Project ( 20133118 )+1 种基金Shanxi Science and Technology Platform Construction Project ( 2013091019 )Shanxi Soft Science Project ( 2013041020 - 02 )
文摘Based on the needs of the market,a new 52 MPa medium-density and high-strength ceramic proppant was prepared by adopting third grade bauxite and clay as raw materials and using the solid phase sintering method,and the effect of the firing temperature on the microstructure,phase composition and mechanical properties of the ceramic proppant was studied. The broken resistance mechanism of this ceramic proppant was also discussed. The results show that the main phases of the prepared ceramic proppant are mullite and corundum; the broken rates are 3. 92% and 7. 21% under 52 MPa and69 MPa,respectively.
