A Distributed Clustering Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks

In the paper, we consider a network of energy constrained sensors deployed over a region. Each sensor node in such a network is systematically gathering and transmitting sensed data to a base station （via clusterhead） for further processing. The key problem focuses on how to reduce the power consumption of wireless microsensor networks. The core includes the energy efficiency of clusterheads and that of cluster members. We first extend low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy （LEACH）＇s stochastic clusterhead selection algorithm by a factor with distance-based deterministic component （LEACH-D） to reduce energy consumption for energy efficiency of clusterhead. And the cost function is proposed so that it balances the energy consumption of nodes for energy efficiency of cluster member. Simulation results show that our modified scheme can extend the network life around up to 40% before first node dies. Through both theoretical analysis and numerical results, it is shown that the proposed algorithm achieves better performance than the existing representative methods.

Research on Improved Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy Protocol in Wireless Sensor Networks

In wireless sensor networks(WSNs), due to the limited battery power of the sensor nodes, the communication energy consumption is the main factor to affect the lifetime of the networks. A reasonable design of the communication protocol can effectively reduce the energy consumption of the network system. Based on low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy(LEACH), an improved LEACH protocol in WSNs is proposed. In order to optimize the cluster head(CH) election in the cluster setup phase, the improved LEACH takes into account a number of factors, including energy consumption of communication between nodes, remaining energy of the nodes,and the distance between nodes and base station(BS). In the steady phase, one-hop routing and multiple-hop routing are combined to transmit data between CHs to improve energy efficiency. The forward CH is selected as relay node according to the values of path cost. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm performs better in balancing network energy consumption, and it can effectively improve the data transmission efficiency and prolong the network lifetime, as compared with LEACH, LEACH-C(LEACH-centralized) and NDAPSO-C(an adaptive clustering protocol based on improved particle swarm optimization) algorithms.

基于LEACH协议的无线传感网能效分簇算法

针对基于LEACH(Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hieravchy Protocol)协议中簇头随机选取造成网络能耗过快的问题,提出了LEACH-E(LEACH based on Energy)算法。该算法在簇头选取时引入了节点的剩余能量以及网络的平均能量,使剩余能量比网络平均能量高的节点优先充当簇头;在普通节点的入簇包内携带节点能量信息。通过簇头计算簇平均能量,并转发给BS(Base Station)以计算获取网络平均能量;BS可充当簇头降低网络能耗速度。实验验证结果显示,该算法提高了网络的寿命、吞吐量,能量效率也有一定的优势。