Diagnosing ratio of electron density to collision frequency of plasma surrounding scaled model in a shock tube using low-frequency alternating magnetic field phase shift

A non-contact low-frequency(LF)method of diagnosing the plasma surrounding a scaled model in a shock tube is proposed.This method utilizes the phase shift occurring after the transmission of an LF alternating magnetic field through the plasma to directly measure the ratio of the plasma loop average electron density to collision frequency.An equivalent circuit model is used to analyze the relationship of the phase shift of the magnetic field component of LF electromagnetic waves with the plasma electron density and collision frequency.The applicable range of the LF method on a given plasma scale is analyzed.The upper diagnostic limit for the ratio of the electron density(unit:m^(-3))to collision frequency(unit:Hz)exceeds 1×10^(11),enabling an electron density to exceed 1×10^(20)m^(-3)and a collision frequency to be less than 1 GHz.In this work,the feasibility of using the LF phase shift to implement the plasma diagnosis is also assessed.Diagnosis experiments on shock tube equipment are conducted by using both the electrostatic probe method and LF method.By comparing the diagnostic results of the two methods,the inversion results are relatively consistent with each other,thereby preliminarily verifying the feasibility of the LF method.The ratio of the electron density to the collision frequency has a relatively uniform distribution during the plasma stabilization.The LF diagnostic path is a loop around the model,which is suitable for diagnosing the plasma that surrounds the model.Finally,the causes of diagnostic discrepancy between the two methods are analyzed.The proposed method provides a new avenue for diagnosing high-density enveloping plasma.

A drift-kinetic perturbed Lagrangian for low-frequency nonideal MHD applications

We find that the perturbed Lagrangian derived from the drift-kinetic equation in[Porcelli F et al 1994 Phys.Plasmas 1470]is inconsistent with the ordering for the low-frequency large-scale magnetohydrodynamic(MHD).Here,we rederive the expression for the perturbed Lagrangian within the framework of nonideal MHD using the ordering system for the low-frequency largescale MHD in a low-beta plasma.The obtained perturbed Lagrangian is consistent with Chen's gyrokinetic theory[Chen L and Zonca F 2016 Rev.Mod.Phys.88015008],where the terms related to the field curvature and gradient are small quantities of higher order and thus negligible.As the perturbed Lagrangian has been widely used in the literature to calculate the plasma nonadiabatic response in low-frequency MHD applications,this finding may have a significant impact on the understanding of the kinetic driving and dissipative mechanisms of MHD instabilities and the plasma response to electromagnetic perturbations in fusion plasmas.

Perturbation to Noether-Mei Symmetry and Adiabatic Invariants for Nonholonomic Mechanical Systems in Phase Space

基于这个概念断热不变，不安到 Noether Mei 对称和为 nonholonomic 的断热的 invariants 在阶段空间的机械系统被学习。到为系统的 Noether Mei 对称的不安的定义被介绍，并且到 Noether Mei 对称的不安的标准被给。同时， Noether 断热的 invariants 和 Mei 为使不安的系统的断热的 invariants 被获得。

Perturbation to Noether-Lie Symmetry and Adiabatic Invariants for Mechanical Systems in Phase Space

Based on the concept of adiabatic invariant,the perturbation to Noether-Lie symmetry and adiabatic invariants for mechanical systems in phase space are studied.The criterion of the Noether-Lie symmetry for the perturbed system is given,and the definition of the perturbation to Noether-Lie symmetry for the system under the action of small disturbance is presented.Meanwhile,the Noether adiabatic invariants and the generalized Hojman adiabatic invariants of the perturbed system are obtained.

Quasinormal Modes of Phantom Scalar Perturbation in Background of Reissner-Nordstrom Black Hole

We have investigated the quasinormal modes (QNMs) of phantom scalar perturbation in a Reissner-Nordstrm (RN) background.We find that the dependence of QNMs on the mass of the field for the phantom perturbation is totally different from that of usual massive perturbation.However,we obtain the same critical value of the overtone number for an angular quantum number from which the mass will begin to have a reverse effect on the real part of QNM frequencies and the perturbation-independent relation between the QNMs and the second order thermodynamic phase transition.

基于相位稳定的音圈电机鲁棒控制器设计

为了解决传统增益稳定设计方法无法抑制输入干扰及鲁棒性较差的问题,提出了一种基于相位稳定的鲁棒控制策略。首先,引入第二相位裕度设计相位稳定控制器;其次,为了保证模型参数摄动后系统的鲁棒性能,给出了一种根据鲁棒性能条件优化控制器参数的方法;最后,通过仿真验证了所提策略的有效性,结果表明所设计的控制器可以有效抑制输入干扰并满足摄动系统鲁棒性能要求。

Ill-conditioned stable inversion arising from singularly perturbed zero dynamics

The ill-conditioned stable inversion is studied for slightly nonminimum phase systems whose zero dynam- ics is singularly perturbed, that is, the relative degree is ill-defined. For these systems, we show that there exists an inherent limitation in the bandwidth of a reference trajectory to be tracked when a well-conditioned feedforward input via stable inversion is sought. We assert that, when the violation of this limitation occurs, the so-called reference trajectory redesign is called for. Our analysis results can provide an explicit assessment as well as useful guidance for the reference trajectory redesign if needed.

The Gradient Theory of the Phase Transitions with Dirichlet Boundary Condition

In this paper, we study the asymptotic behavior of minimizers (as ε→0) of the variational problems under Dirichlet conditioninf∫ Ω[ε p-1 |Du| p+1εW(x,u)]dx: u∈W 1,p (Ω), u=g, x∈ΩwhereW(x,·) is a nonnegative function with only two zeros α and β. We show that the limit of a sequence of minimizers {u ε} ε>0 (as ε→0) is a solution of another variational problem.

标量声波方程前向散射场的保相位理论及其线性化近似

传统的波动方程线性化近似理论,如一阶Born近似或Rytov近似等,均隐含“弱散射”假设,因此仅适用于弱扰动模型.为克服“弱散射”假设的制约并将波动方程线性化近似理论推广至强扰动模型中,提出了适用于预测前向散射波相位扰动的保相位理论.通过将标量声波方程Rytov变换得到的非线性Ricatti方程中关于未知解(即散射场复相位)的积分,在Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin-Jeffreys(WKBJ)近似下转化为对散射角和模型扰动的积分,给出了前向散射场相位扰动的显式积分表达.理论推导表明:对于一维波传播问题,保相位理论可以精确预测任意速度扰动模型中前向散射波的相位扰动.对于小角度前向散射,保相位理论可以进行线性化近似,得到广义Rytov近似.数值实验表明,对于高维问题,相比于一阶Rytov近似,广义Rytov近似可以更好地预测前向小角度散射场的相位扰动,且适用于强速度扰动模型.广义Rytov近似拓展了Rytov近似的成立条件和适用范围,可以直接应用于地震层析成像及医学超声透射成像中,从而降低层析反问题对初始模型的依赖性并加速反演收敛.

Ka频段大规模相控阵稀疏布阵算法设计与应用

针对大规模卫星通信相控阵天线在阵元受发射/接收组件、驱动放大器等布局限制条件下的稀疏布阵问题,提出了一种基于极限微扰法的随机稀疏布阵算法。通过极限微扰率和随机稀疏算法的迭代应用,能够较容易地收敛到目标稀疏率下的稀疏阵列分布,且能得到均匀的稀疏布阵结果,改善相控阵天线由于局部过热导致的散热困难的问题。基于此方法,对满阵为4096阵元的大规模相控阵天线进行了稀疏化设计,最终得到1552阵元的稀疏阵。仿真和实测结果显示通过该算法能获得较好的阵列方向图结果,在方位角0°~360°、俯仰角0°~60°范围内副瓣均低于-16 dB。

混合边值双相延迟非Fourier温度场的奇摄动解

研究一类特殊的双相延迟非Fourier热传导模型,得到具有混合非齐次边值条件的混合方程,并用奇异摄动方法求解该方程。首先,采用正则摄动展开得到抛物方程,用分离变量法求得外解,并进行初始层矫正;然后,分别对2个角域进行矫正,运用拉普拉斯变换法求解,从而确定该方程渐近解的展开式;最后,对混合方程渐近解做余项估计,证明了渐近解在L 2意义下的一致有效性。

Bardeen-AdS黑洞的热力学混沌及暗能量效应

利用Melnikov方法研究了Bardeen-Anti de Sitter(AdS)黑洞对周期性微扰的热力学响应以及混沌的发生与演化,探讨了Quintessence暗能量对黑洞的影响.根据规范/引力对偶与扩展相空间的思想,将黑洞看作一个可压缩、具有微小黏性、各向同性的液体系统.首先对Bardeen-AdS黑洞的相变旋节区施加时间周期性微扰,当微扰的临界振幅γ大于临界振幅γ_(c)时,黑洞会产生热力学混沌现象,该临界值由非线性电磁场(具体体现为磁单极荷β)和初始温度T_(0)共同决定.然后对黑洞施加空间周期性微扰时,任意大小的微扰振幅均会导致黑洞相空间中出现混沌现象.考虑Kiselev的各向同性唯象模型,我们发现Quintessence暗能量对其内包裹黑洞的影响类似于一种热力学意义下的增益/阻尼机制.

Study on the Characters of Phase-Shifted Fiber Bragg Grating in Asymmetric Perturbation and Its Application in Fiber Laser Acoustic Sensor

A n-phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating theoretical model is established, and the effects of an asymmetric and symmetrical perturbation field on a phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating are investigated in this paper. The trends of wavelength shifting caused by effective refraction index of phase shift grating in symmetric and asymmetric acoustic field are investigated in detail. Then, the fiber laser acoustic sensors packaged in asymmetric and symmetrical structures are designed and tested, respectively. The results show that the acoustic response of the wavelength of the distributed feedback （DFB） fiber laser （FL） in an asymmetric packaging structure is much more sensitive than in that in the symmetrical structure. The sensor packaged in the asymmetrical structure has a better low frequency （0Hz-500Hz） performance and a higher sensitivity than that in the symmetrical structure, and the sensitivity is improved about 15dB in average and 32.7dB in maximum. It provides a new method to improve the sensitivity of the fiber acoustic sensor.

多项式建模解电离层相位污染阶数选择新方法

电离层相位污染使天波超视距雷达杂波频谱展宽,影响舰船等低速目标检测。针对这一问题,近年来发展了基于分段多项式相位建模和高阶模糊函数的(HAF)解电离层污染算法,如何合理地选取模型阶数是该算法的核心。给出了两种改进的自适应多项式建模阶数选择方法。并利用仿真方法进行了验证,结果表明:基于高阶模糊函数变换性质的频域和时域阶数选择方法的计算量较现有算法有较大提高,且频域法可在较低信噪比下准确判断多项式阶数。

联合增益递推的Duffing系统弱信号检测算法

相变判别在Duffing振子弱信号检测中具有至关重要的作用,传统的判别算法复杂度高而精度低,限制了Duffing振子的应用,因而需要寻求更优的判别算法.本文通过欧拉方程建立正弦策动力Duffing振子的状态方程,并对Duffing系统进行滤波估计,推导出系统扩展卡尔曼增益的递推表达形式,以此为据提出了一种联合卡尔曼增益递推方程判别Duffing系统状态的新方法,同时根据增益随信号幅度变化的规律,提出了运用联合系统对弱信号进行定性和定量检测的方法,仿真验证表明,该方法可有效地对弱信号进行检测,相比传统Lyapunov指数判别法,运算耗时降低了两个数量级,且运算精度得到了显著提高.

弱电网下考虑锁相环影响的三相并网系统相角补偿控制方法

在多可再生能源发电主导的弱电网中,锁相环的带宽较大时,其引入负阻尼的频率范围也较大,导致系统的稳定性降低。减小锁相环的带宽可以提高系统的稳定性,但会对系统的动态性产生不利的影响。为此,提出一种考虑锁相环影响的三相并网系统相角补偿控制方法。该方法通过公共耦合点电压前馈来改变并网逆变器的输出导纳,维持了并网逆变器的输出导纳在系统截止频率处幅值基本不变,并增大系统的相角裕度,解决因锁相环带宽较大引起的系统不稳定问题,并保证了系统的动态响应速度。实验结果验证所提方法的有效性。

位相扰动下“热像”规律研究

研究了具有位相扰动的激光束经过非线性介质后的传输情况 ,用数值模拟的方法着重研究了入射光强(这里以能量来反映 )、调制深度、调制宽度等与热像的关系。研究结果表明 ,在某些条件下 ,即通常所说的共轭像面处 ,和振幅调制一样也可以看到明显的热像 ,但很多情况下其它一些地方峰值很强 (例如棒后dO/ 2处 ) ,成为最值得关注的位置。光束演化 (光场分布 )对位相调制的深度反应较为敏感 ,某些深度的调制会有更大的危害性。另外 ,调制宽度。

流动湿蒸汽湿度测量微波谐振腔结构分析

在建立汽液两相流数值模型基础上,对微波谐振腔进行了气动和两相流取样分析,设计了一种带楔形取样前段具有圆环网栅端面的圆柱形谐振腔。通过结果分析,定量计算了取样误差,给出了测量结果的修正公式。另外还计算了典型工况下谐振腔的干扰长度,这对腔体在现场的安装运行具有一定的指导意义。最后对谐振腔进行了电磁分析,腔体结构满足电磁特性。表明该谐振腔具有流动湿蒸汽湿度测量的合适结构。

移相干涉仪环境微扰的外差检测及信号处理

对环境微振动干扰进行补偿可减小移相干涉测量的误差,其中振动量的检测是实现振动补偿的前提。以声光调制器作为光学移频器,在移相式平面干涉仪中组合成外差干涉测振系统,可以实现光程差微小变化(范围为0到1/2波长)的实时检测。在外差信号处理中采用单片RF/IF相位测量芯片直接对两路40MHz模拟信号进行比相,简化了通常使用的数字测相方法,其精确测相的典型非线性值小于1度。用该系统实际测量了周期性振动和地面冲击振动对干涉仪的影响,获得了干涉仪所受微振动的幅度和相位。

振幅调制和位相扰动对三倍频参数优化的影响

详细讨论了入射基频光的振幅调制和位相扰动对三倍频转换效率和动态范围的影响,提出了提高三倍频转换效率和增大动态范围的方法。采用I/II类角度失谐的KDP晶体三倍频方案,对倍频晶体的参数进行了优化设计。