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An Enhanced Hybrid Model Based on CNN and BiLSTM for Identifying Individuals via Handwriting Analysis
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作者 Md.Abdur Rahim Fahmid Al Farid +5 位作者 Abu Saleh Musa Miah Arpa Kar Puza Md.Nur Alam Md.Najmul Hossain Sarina Mansor Hezerul Abdul Karim 《Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences》 SCIE EI 2024年第8期1689-1710,共22页
Handwriting is a unique and significant human feature that distinguishes them from one another.There are many researchers have endeavored to develop writing recognition systems utilizing specific signatures or symbols... Handwriting is a unique and significant human feature that distinguishes them from one another.There are many researchers have endeavored to develop writing recognition systems utilizing specific signatures or symbols for person identification through verification.However,such systems are susceptible to forgery,posing security risks.In response to these challenges,we propose an innovative hybrid technique for individual identification based on independent handwriting,eliminating the reliance on specific signatures or symbols.In response to these challenges,we propose an innovative hybrid technique for individual identification based on independent handwriting,eliminating the reliance on specific signatures or symbols.Our innovative method is intricately designed,encompassing five distinct phases:data collection,preprocessing,feature extraction,significant feature selection,and classification.One key advancement lies in the creation of a novel dataset specifically tailored for Bengali handwriting(BHW),setting the foundation for our comprehensive approach.Post-preprocessing,we embarked on an exhaustive feature extraction process,encompassing integration with kinematic,statistical,spatial,and composite features.This meticulous amalgamation resulted in a robust set of 91 features.To enhance the efficiency of our system,we employed an analysis of variance(ANOVA)F test and mutual information scores approach,meticulously selecting the most pertinent features.In the identification phase,we harnessed the power of cutting-edge deep learning models,notably the Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)and Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory(BiLSTM).These models underwent rigorous training and testing to accurately discern individuals based on their handwriting characteristics.Moreover,our methodology introduces a groundbreaking hybrid model that synergizes CNN and BiLSTM,capitalizing on fine motor features for enhanced individual classifications.Crucially,our experimental results underscore the superiority of our approach.The CNN,BiLSTM,and hybrid models exhibited superior performance in individual classification when compared to prevailing state-of-the-art techniques.This validates our method’s efficacy and underscores its potential to outperform existing technologies,marking a significant stride forward in the realm of individual identification through handwriting analysis. 展开更多
关键词 Bengali handwriting(BHW) person identification convolutional neural network(CNN) BiLSTM
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Handwriting Classification Based on Support Vector Machine with Cross Validation 被引量:4
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作者 Anith Adibah Hasseim Rubita Sudirman Puspa Inayat Khalid 《Engineering(科研)》 2013年第5期84-87,共4页
Support vector machine (SVM) has been successfully applied for classification in this paper. This paper discussed the basic principle of the SVM at first, and then SVM classifier with polynomial kernel and the Gaussia... Support vector machine (SVM) has been successfully applied for classification in this paper. This paper discussed the basic principle of the SVM at first, and then SVM classifier with polynomial kernel and the Gaussian radial basis function kernel are choosen to determine pupils who have difficulties in writing. The 10-fold cross-validation method for training and validating is introduced. The aim of this paper is to compare the performance of support vector machine with RBF and polynomial kernel used for classifying pupils with or without handwriting difficulties. Experimental results showed that the performance of SVM with RBF kernel is better than the one with polynomial kernel. 展开更多
关键词 SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE handwriting DIFFICULTIES Cross-Validation
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Neural and Kinematic Metrics of Handwriting in Neurotypical Adults
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作者 Elham Bakhshipour Mandy S. Plumb +1 位作者 Reza Koiler Nancy Getchell 《Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science》 CAS 2022年第9期433-454,共22页
Detailed Assessment of Speed of Handwriting (DASH 17+) assessment provides information about the speed and legibility of handwriting. Handwriting difficulties in general and DASH17+ performance, in particular, are sig... Detailed Assessment of Speed of Handwriting (DASH 17+) assessment provides information about the speed and legibility of handwriting. Handwriting difficulties in general and DASH17+ performance, in particular, are signs of neuromotor difficulties. Individualized interventions can be developed with a better understanding of both the biomechanical and neurological underpinnings of the task. We used a multimodal assessment strategy to deconstruct the product and process of handwriting measures in adults. A total of 23 neurotypical college age adults took part in the study. We combined the standardized norm-referenced test DASH17+ and explored the online process of handwriting using the MovAlyzeR software, and simultaneously explored prefrontal cortex activity, using functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), during the task execution. Our research indicated that underlying neural and kinematic mechanisms changed between tasks, within tasks, and even from one trial block to another that are not reflected in the DASH17+ performance assessment alone. Therefore, this multi-modal approach provides a promising method in clinical populations to further investigate any subtle change in handwriting. 展开更多
关键词 handwriting DASH FNIRS Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy BIOMECHANICS
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The Effect of a Visual Memory Training Program on Chinese Handwriting Performance of Primary School Students with Dyslexia in Hong Kong
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作者 Cecilia W. P. Li-Tsang Agnes S. K. Wong +4 位作者 Linda F. L. Tse Hebe Y. H. Lam Viola H. L. Pang Cathy Y. F. Kwok Maggie W. S. Lin 《Open Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation》 2015年第4期146-158,共13页
This study investigated the effect of a visual memory training program on Chinese handwriting performance among primary school students with dyslexia in Hong Kong. Eight students of Grade 2 to 3 who were diagnosed wit... This study investigated the effect of a visual memory training program on Chinese handwriting performance among primary school students with dyslexia in Hong Kong. Eight students of Grade 2 to 3 who were diagnosed with dyslexia were recruited. All participants received six sessions of training, which composed of 30-minute computerized game-based visual memory training and 30-minute Chinese character segmentation training. Visual perceptual skills and Chinese handwriting performance were assessed before and after the training, as well as three weeks after training using the Test of Visual Perceptual Skills (3rd edition) (TVPS-3) and the Chinese Handwriting Analysis System (CHAS). In comparing the pre- and post-training results, paired t-tests revealed significant improvements in visual memory skills, as well as handwriting speed, pause time and pen pressure after the training. There was no significant improvement in handwriting accuracy or legibility. The improved visual memory and handwriting performance did not show a significant drop at the follow-up assessments. This study showed promising results on a structured program to improve the Chinese handwriting performance, mainly in speed, of primary school children. The improvements appeared to be well-sustained after the training program. There is a need to further study the long-term effect of the program through a randomized controlled trial study. 展开更多
关键词 Visual MEMORY handwriting Dyslexia Primary SCHOOL STUDENTS Chinese
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Research of handwriting detecting system for space pen
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作者 Zong-Yu Gao De-Sheng Li +1 位作者 Wei Wang Chun-Jie Yang 《Natural Science》 2010年第1期56-62,共7页
A handwriting detecting system based on Micro- accelerometer and Micro-gyros is proposed. And the algorithm of the detecting system is also described in detail. And the error analysis of the detecting system is also d... A handwriting detecting system based on Micro- accelerometer and Micro-gyros is proposed. And the algorithm of the detecting system is also described in detail. And the error analysis of the detecting system is also described in de-tail. The motion contrail of the handwriting de-tecting in the 3-D space can be recognized through compute the matrix of attitude angles and the dynamic information of the handwriting detecting which is mapped on the 2-D plane. Then the information of contrail can be recurred on the writing plane by integral. There were good results in the actual experiment. 展开更多
关键词 handwriting Detecting Micro-Gyro MICRO-ACCELEROMETER
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Person-Dependent Handwriting Verification for Special Education Using DeepLearning
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作者 Umut Zeki Tolgay Karanfiller Kamil Yurtkan 《Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing》 SCIE 2023年第4期1121-1135,共15页
Individuals with special needs learn more slowly than their peers and they need repetitions to be permanent.However,in crowded classrooms,it is dif-ficult for a teacher to deal with each student individually.This probl... Individuals with special needs learn more slowly than their peers and they need repetitions to be permanent.However,in crowded classrooms,it is dif-ficult for a teacher to deal with each student individually.This problem can be overcome by using supportive education applications.However,the majority of such applications are not designed for special education and therefore they are not efficient as expected.Special education students differ from their peers in terms of their development,characteristics,and educational qualifications.The handwriting skills of individuals with special needs are lower than their peers.This makes the task of Handwriting Recognition(HWR)more difficult.To over-come this problem,we propose a new personalized handwriting verification sys-tem that validates digits from the handwriting of special education students.The system uses a Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)created and trained from scratch.The data set used is obtained by collecting the handwriting of the students with the help of a tablet.A special education center is visited and the handwrittenfigures of the students are collected under the supervision of special education tea-chers.The system is designed as a person-dependent system as every student has their writing style.Overall,the system achieves promising results,reaching a recognition accuracy of about 94%.Overall,the system can verify special educa-tion students’handwriting digits with high accuracy and is ready to integrate with a mobile application that is designed to teach digits to special education students. 展开更多
关键词 Special education deep learning convolutional neural network handwriting verification handwriting digit verification person-dependent training handwriting recognition
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Comparison of ANN and SVM to Identify Children Handwriting Difficulties
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作者 Anith Adibah Hasseim Rubita Sudirman +1 位作者 Puspa Inayat Khalid Narges Tabatabaey-Mashadi 《Engineering(科研)》 2013年第5期1-5,共5页
This paper compares two classification methods to determine pupils who have difficulties in writing. Classification experiments are made with neural network and support vector machine method separately. The samples ar... This paper compares two classification methods to determine pupils who have difficulties in writing. Classification experiments are made with neural network and support vector machine method separately. The samples are divided into two groups of writers, below average printers (test group) and above average printers (control group) are applied. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate that neural network and support vector machine can be successfully used in classifying pupils with or without handwriting difficulties. Our results showed that support vector machine classifier yield slightly better percentage than neural network classifier and it has a much stable result. 展开更多
关键词 NEURAL Network Support VECTOR Machine handwriting DIFFICULTIES
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Extraction of Arabic Handwriting Fields by Forms Matching
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作者 Ameur Bensefia 《Journal of Signal and Information Processing》 2015年第1期1-8,共8页
Filling forms is one of the most useful and powerful ways to collect information from people in business, education and many other domains. Nowadays, almost everything is computerized. That creates a curtail need for ... Filling forms is one of the most useful and powerful ways to collect information from people in business, education and many other domains. Nowadays, almost everything is computerized. That creates a curtail need for extracting these handwritings from the forms in order to get them into the computer systems and databases. In this paper, we propose an original method that will extract handwritings from two types of forms;bank and administrative form. Our system will take as input any of the two forms already filled. And according to some statistical measures our system will identify the form. The second step is to subtract the filled form from a previously inserted empty form. In order to make the acting easier and faster a Fourier-Melin transform was used to re-orient the forms correctly. This method has been evaluated with 50 handwriting forms (from both types Bank and University) and the results were approximatively 90%. 展开更多
关键词 handwriting Document Analysis BINARIZATION ZONES of Interest EXTRACTION FOURIER-MELLIN Transform
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Automated Handwriting Recognition and Speech Synthesizer for Indigenous Language Processing
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作者 Bassam A.Y.Alqaralleh Fahad Aldhaban +1 位作者 Feras Mohammed A-Matarneh Esam A.AlQaralleh 《Computers, Materials & Continua》 SCIE EI 2022年第8期3913-3927,共15页
In recent years,researchers in handwriting recognition analysis relating to indigenous languages have gained significant internet among research communities.The recent developments of artificial intelligence(AI),natur... In recent years,researchers in handwriting recognition analysis relating to indigenous languages have gained significant internet among research communities.The recent developments of artificial intelligence(AI),natural language processing(NLP),and computational linguistics(CL)find useful in the analysis of regional low resource languages.Automatic lexical task participation might be elaborated to various applications in the NLP.It is apparent from the availability of effective machine recognition models and open access handwritten databases.Arabic language is a commonly spoken Semitic language,and it is written with the cursive Arabic alphabet from right to left.Arabic handwritten Character Recognition(HCR)is a crucial process in optical character recognition.In this view,this paper presents effective Computational linguistics with Deep Learning based Handwriting Recognition and Speech Synthesizer(CLDL-THRSS)for Indigenous Language.The presented CLDL-THRSS model involves two stages of operations namely automated handwriting recognition and speech recognition.Firstly,the automated handwriting recognition procedure involves preprocessing,segmentation,feature extraction,and classification.Also,the Capsule Network(CapsNet)based feature extractor is employed for the recognition of handwritten Arabic characters.For optimal hyperparameter tuning,the cuckoo search(CS)optimization technique was included to tune the parameters of the CapsNet method.Besides,deep neural network with hidden Markov model(DNN-HMM)model is employed for the automatic speech synthesizer.To validate the effective performance of the proposed CLDL-THRSS model,a detailed experimental validation process takes place and investigates the outcomes interms of different measures.The experimental outcomes denoted that the CLDL-THRSS technique has demonstrated the compared methods. 展开更多
关键词 Computational linguistics handwriting character recognition natural language processing indigenous language
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Perceptual Visuo-Motor Skills and Handwriting Production of Children With Learning Disabilities
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作者 Milena S.D.Maciel Simone A.Capellini Giseli D.Germano 《Psychology Research》 2021年第5期199-207,共9页
This study aimed to explore the performance of the perceptual-visuomotor skills and the production of handwriting in children with Learning Disabilities.A total of 56 children participated,being a convenience sample,o... This study aimed to explore the performance of the perceptual-visuomotor skills and the production of handwriting in children with Learning Disabilities.A total of 56 children participated,being a convenience sample,of both sexes,average age of eight years old,from 3rd to 5th grade level of Elementary School.The children were divided into the following groups:GI(28 children diagnosed with Learning Disabilities);GII(28 children with good academic performance,paired with GI in relation to chronological age and sex).They were evaluated individually in dysgraphic scale,visual perception development test,and fine motor evaluation.Data analysis was performed.There was a significant difference between GI and GII for the subtests of eye-hand coordination,copying,visual closure,fine motor precision,and fine manual control tests.They had difference between the groups for handwriting performance in descending and/or ascending subtests,irregularity of dimension,poor forms,and total score of Dysgraphia Scale.The results presented in this study indicate that children with Learning Disabilities can manifest significant visomotor impairment and deficit in legibility and handwriting quality,causing failures in the elaboration of sensorimotor plans that,added to the intrinsic deficit of long-term memory,result in persistent academic difficulties. 展开更多
关键词 Learning Disabilities EVALUATION handwriting visual perception fine motor skills DYSGRAPHIA
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Boosting the Expense and Performance of Ann/Hmm Approch for on-line Handwriting Recognition
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作者 李海峰 HAN Jiqing +2 位作者 Zheng Tieran Ma Lin Gallinari P 《High Technology Letters》 EI CAS 2003年第4期83-87,共5页
This paper focuses on a state sharing method for an artificial neural network (ANN) and hidden Markov model (HMM) hybrid on line handwriting recognition system. A modeling precision based distance measure is proposed ... This paper focuses on a state sharing method for an artificial neural network (ANN) and hidden Markov model (HMM) hybrid on line handwriting recognition system. A modeling precision based distance measure is proposed to describe similarity between two ANNs, which are used as HMM state models. Limiting maximum system performance loss, a minimum quantification error aimed hierarchical clustering algorithm is designed to choose the most representative models. The system performance is improved by about 1.5% while saving 40% of the system expense. About 92% of the performance may also be maintained while reducing 70% of system parameters. The suggested method is quite useful for designing pen based interface for various handheld devices. 展开更多
关键词 BOOSTING state sharing hierarchical clustering on line handwriting recognition
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Online Handwriting Recognition of Tibetan Characters Based on the Statistical Method 被引量:1
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作者 Weilan Wang Jianjun Qian Daohui Wang Zhuoma Duojie 《通讯和计算机(中英文版)》 2011年第3期188-200,共13页
关键词 在线识别 统计方法 手写汉字 藏文 手写字符识别 基础 线性判别分析 二次判别函数
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Characterization of Brazilians Students with Dyslexia in Handwriting Proficiency Screening Questionnaire and Handwriting Scale 被引量:1
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作者 Giseli Donadon Germano Catia Giaconi Simone Aparecida Capellini 《Psychology Research》 2016年第10期590-597,共8页
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Inverse Handwriting Velocity Model to Reconstruct Electromyographic Signals
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作者 Chihi Ines Abdelkrim Afef Benrej eb Mohamed 《通讯和计算机(中英文版)》 2013年第2期149-155,共7页
关键词 移动速度 肌电图 手写 信号 模型重构 信息控制 肌肉活动 递归最小二乘
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Handwriting Command Recognition and Digital Operation Using Digitalized Pen
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作者 Naoya Toyozumi Junji Takahashi Guillaume Lopez 《通讯和计算机(中英文版)》 2016年第4期164-170,共7页
关键词 操作命令 识别 数字化 手写 操作算法 接口系统 响应时间 高科技
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Characteristics and Formation Mechanisms of Low-Level Jets in Northeastern China
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作者 Hailong SHU Fan ZHANG +4 位作者 Yu DU Yue WANG Huichuang GUO Zhen SONG Qinghong ZHANG 《Advances in Atmospheric Sciences》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第12期2432-2445,共14页
This study examines low-level jets(LLJs)across Northeastern China during both warm(June-September)and cold seasons(December-March)from 1957 to 2021,using fifth generation of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weathe... This study examines low-level jets(LLJs)across Northeastern China during both warm(June-September)and cold seasons(December-March)from 1957 to 2021,using fifth generation of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts reanalysis data with 25-km resolution.LLJs manifest in two prominent regions,one along the leeward flank of the Da Hinggan Ling Mountains in the cold season and another at the center of Northeastern China in the warm season.The intricate interplay between ambient circulation and terrain shapes LLJ distribution,altitudes,wind directions,diurnal cycles,and seasonal diversities.During the warm season,prevailing southwesterly LLJs are found at 925 hPa,while the cold season features stronger and more frequent northwesterly LLJs at 875 hPa.Analysis of the diurnal patterns reveals distinctive behaviors of LLJs in the cold and warm seasons.During the warm season,the single peak in LLJ occurrence emerges around midnight;conversely,in the cold season,LLJs are most frequent shortly before midnight,with an additional sub-peak in the morning.A momentum budget analysis establishes mechanisms underlying these two distinct diurnal variations.In both seasons,the diurnal variation of LLJs is predominately driven by an inertial oscillation and mountain-valley circulations.However,the sub-peak observed in the cold-season morning arises from the thermodynamic and dynamic interaction between the low-level atmosphere and complex terrain. 展开更多
关键词 low-level jet seasonal disparities diurnal variation inertial oscillation terrain-flow interaction
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Observation of Low-Level Jets in the Eastern Tropical Indian Ocean Based on Shipborne Coherent Doppler Lidar
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作者 WANG Haiyuan LIU Lin +10 位作者 FAN Mengqi YANG Yang YANG Guang DUAN Yongliang LIU Baochao SU Qinglei ZHANG Binbin WANG Fengjun SHI Xuliang LI Qiuchi ZENG Ai 《Journal of Ocean University of China》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第5期1163-1172,共10页
In contrast to the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans,the Indian Ocean has lacked in-situ observations of wind profiles over open sea areas for decades.In 2021,a shipborne coherent Doppler lidar(CDL)was used to observe in-si... In contrast to the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans,the Indian Ocean has lacked in-situ observations of wind profiles over open sea areas for decades.In 2021,a shipborne coherent Doppler lidar(CDL)was used to observe in-situ wind profiles in the eastern tropical Indian Ocean.This equipment successfully captured low-level jets(LLJs)in the region,and their characteristics were thoroughly analyzed.Results reveal that the observed wind speed of LLJs in the eastern Indian Ocean ranges from 6 m s^(-1) to 10 m s^(-1) during the boreal winter and spring seasons,showing a height range of 0.6 to 1 km and two peak times at 0800 and 2000 UTC.This wind shear is weaker than that in land or offshore areas,ranging from 0 s^(-1) to 0.006 s^(-1).Moreover,the accuracy of the CDL data is compared to that of ERA5 data in the study area.The results indicate that the zonal wind from ERA5 data significantly deviated from the CDL measurement data,and the overall ERA5 data are substantially weaker than the in-situ observations.Notably,ERA5 underestimates northwestward LLJs. 展开更多
关键词 low-level jets coherent Doppler lidar ERA5 RADIOSONDE eastern Indian Ocean
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PsychoGrapho: A Double-Blind Cohort Study of Jungian Typology and Handwriting Analysis
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作者 E. Marcus Barnes Jan Six Raymond C. Hawkins II 《Psychology Research》 2016年第1期50-56,共7页
关键词 心理学 心理学家 理论 研究方法
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New therapeutic options for persistent low-level viremia in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection:Increase of entecavir dosage 被引量:18
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作者 Guo-Qing Yin Jun Li +2 位作者 Bei Zhong Yong-Fong Yang Mao-Rong Wang 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS 2021年第8期666-676,共11页
Chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection(CHB)is a public health concern worldwide.Current therapies utilizing nucleos(t)ide analogs(NA)have not resulted in a complete cure for CHB.Furthermore,patients on long-term NA t... Chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection(CHB)is a public health concern worldwide.Current therapies utilizing nucleos(t)ide analogs(NA)have not resulted in a complete cure for CHB.Furthermore,patients on long-term NA treatment often develop low-level viremia(LLV).Persistent LLV,in addition to causing the progression of liver disease or hepatocellular carcinoma,may shed light on the current plight of NA therapy.Here,we review the literature on LLV,NA treatment,and various doses of entecavir to find a strategy for improving the efficacy of this antiviral agent.For LLV patients,three therapeutic options are available,switching to another antiviral monotherapy,interferon-αswitching therapy,and continuing monotherapy.In real-world clinical practice,entecavir overdose has been used in antiviral therapy for CHB patients with NA refractory and persistent LLV,which encouraged us to conduct further in-depth literature survey on dosage and duration related entecavir studies.The studies of pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics show that entecavir has the maximal selected index for safety,and has great potential in inhibiting HBV replication,in all of the NAs.In the particular section of the drug approval package published by the United States Food and Drug Administration,entecavir doses 2.5-20 mg/d do not increase adverse events,and entecavir doses higher than 1.0 mg/d might improve the antiviral efficacy.The literature survey led us to two suggestions:(1)Increasing entecavir dose to 1.0 mg/d for the treatment of NA naïve patients with HBV DNA>2×106 IU/mL is feasible and would provide better prognosis;and(2)Further research is needed to assess the long-term toxic effects of higher entecavir doses(2.5 and 5.0 mg/d),which may prove beneficial in treating patients with prior NA treatment,partial virological response,or LLV state. 展开更多
关键词 Chronic hepatitis B virus infection low-level viremia Therapeutic options ENTECAVIR DOSE Efficacy
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Role of the Nocturnal Low-level Jet in the Formation of the Morning Precipitation Peak over the Dabie Mountains 被引量:16
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作者 Peiling FU Kefeng ZHU +2 位作者 Kun ZHAO Bowen ZHOU Ming XUE 《Advances in Atmospheric Sciences》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2019年第1期15-28,共14页
The diurnal variation of precipitation over the Dabie Mountains(DBM) in eastern China during the 2013 mei-yu season is investigated with forecasts of a regional convection-permitting model. Simulated precipitation is ... The diurnal variation of precipitation over the Dabie Mountains(DBM) in eastern China during the 2013 mei-yu season is investigated with forecasts of a regional convection-permitting model. Simulated precipitation is verified against surface rain-gauge observations. The observed morning precipitation peak on the windward(relative to the prevailing synoptic-scale wind) side of the DBM is reproduced with good spatial and temporal accuracy. The interaction between the DBM and a nocturnal boundary layer low-level jet(BLJ) due to the inertial oscillation mechanism is shown to be responsible for this precipitation peak. The BLJ is aligned with the lower-level southwesterly synoptic-scale flow that carries abundant moisture.The BLJ core is established at around 0200 LST upwind of the mountains. It moves towards the DBM and reaches maximum intensity at about 70 km ahead of the mountains. When the BLJ impinges upon the windward side of the DBM in the early morning, mechanical lifting of moist air leads to condensation and subsequent precipitation. 展开更多
关键词 nocturnal boundary layer low-level jet diurnal variation PRECIPITATION Dabie Mountains meiyu season
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