Production and application of a novel bioflocculant by multiple-microorganism consortia using brewery wastewater as carbon source

The flocculating activity of a novel bioflocculant MMF1 produced by multiple-microorganism consortia MM1 was investigated. MM1 was composed of strain BAFRT4 identified as Staphylococcus sp. and strain CYGS1 identified as Pseudomonas sp. The flocculating activity of MMF1 isolated from the screening medium was 82.9%, which is remarkably higher than that of the bioflocculant produced by either of the strains under the same condition. Brewery wastewater was also used as the carbon source for MM1, and the cost-effective production medium for MM1 mainly comprised 1.0 L brewery water （chemical oxygen demand （COD） 5000 mg/L）, 0.5 g/L urea, 0.5 g/L yeast extract, and 0.2 g/L （NH4）2SO4. The optimal conditions for the production of MMF1 was inoculum size 2%, initial pH 6.0, cultivating temperature 30℃, and shaking speed 160 r/min, under which the flocculating activity of the MMF1 reached 96.8%. Fifteen grams of purified bioflocculant could be recovered from 1.0 L of fermentation broth. MMF1 was identified as a macromolecular substance containing both protein and polysaccharide. It showed good flocculating performance in treating indigotin printing and dyeing wastewater, and the maximal removal efficiencies of COD and chroma were 79.2% and 86.5%, respectively.

Effect of sulfate on the methanogenic activity of a bacterial culture from a brewery wastewater during glucose degradation

The maximum specific methanogenic activity （SMA） of a sludge originating from a brewery wastewater treatment plant on the degradation of glucose was investigated at various levels of sulfate on a specific loading basis. Batch experiments were conducted in serum bottles at pH 7 and 35℃. A comparison of the values indicates that the SMA of this mixed culture was increased and reached its highest level of 0.128 g CH4 gas COD/（g VSS.d） when biomass was in contact with sulfate at a ratio of 1：0.114 by weight.

Rgwo performances of submerged membrane bioreactor treating brewery wastewater: A laboratory study

Performances of submerged membrane bioreactor （SMBR） treating brewery wastewater were investigated in this study. With little variation of COD：TN：TP ratio （100：5：1） in influent, SMBR showed high removal efficiency （ 〉 90% ） for both COD and NH4^＋ - N, and it also showed a strong resistive ability for shock organics loading rate, evidenced by no obvious fluctuation for COD in the effluent when the organics loading rate suddenly increased from 0. 27 g/（ gMLSS · d） to 0. 54 g/（ gMLSS · d）. Comparatively different with the COD removal, TN and TP removal showed a strong correlation with the growth stage of the sludge in SMBR. When the sludge was in the multiplication stage, about 45% of TN was removed and an average removal efficiency of 30% for TP was also observed. However, when the activated sludge was in the steady stage, the removal efficiency for TN decreased to about 30% , whereas, the removal efficiency for TP was very low, and sometimes even below zero. The results of GC/MS indicated that the residual organic matters in the effluent were mainly alkyl hydrocarbon with high molecular weight, and coupling with the results of electroseopic scanning, it is speculated that biomass formed at external and internal membrane fibers played an important role for the removal of small organics.

Treating Opaque Beer Wastewater Using a Novel Internal Circulation Membrane Bioreactor

An innovative internal circulation membrane bioreactor（ICMBR）treating traditional opaque beer brewery wastewater was introduced. Beer wastewater from Tianjin Huarun Brewhouse was taken as the influent. The removal efficiency of suspended solid, chemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen were studied with the changeable hard real time design method, organic loading rate and nutrition elements. The average percentage reduction in chemical oxygen demand achieved 90%. The total nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen were also reduced by 90% and 95%, respectively. The results indicate that the outlet of ICMBR meets the requirements of the environment landscape recycling use.

Identical full-scale biogas-lift reactors(BLRs) with anaerobic granular sludge and residual activated sludge for brewery wastewater treatment and kinetic modeling

Two identical full-scale biogas-lift reactors treating brewery wastewater were inoculated with different types of sludge to compare their operational conditions, sludge characteristics, and kinetic models at a mesophilic temperature. One reactor （R1） started up with anaerobic granular sludge in 12 weeks and obtained a continuously average organic loading rate （OLR） of 7.4 kg chemical oxygen demand （COD）/（m3.day）, COD removal efficiency of 80%, and effluent COD of 450 mg/L. The other reactor （R2） started up with residual activated sludge in 30 weeks and granulation accomplished when the reactor reached an average OLR of 8.3 kg COD/（m^3·day）, COD removal efficiency of 90%, and effluent COD of 240 mg/L. Differences in sludge characteristics,biogas compositions, and biogas- lift processes may be accounted for the superior efficiency of the treatment performance of R2 over R1. Grau second-order and modified StoverKincannon models based on influent and effluent concentrations as well as hydraulic retention time were successfully used to develop kinetic parameters of the experimental data with high correlation coefficients （R2 〉 0.95）, which further showed that R2 had higher treatment performance than R1. These results demonstrated that residual activated sludge could be used effectively instead of anaerobic granular sludge despite the need for a longer time.

Comparative study of polyhydroxyalkanoates production from acidified and anaerobically treated brewery wastewater using enriched mixed microbial culture

The production of polyhydroxyalkanoates(PHA) from wastewaters using microbial mixed cultures(MMC) has been attracting increased interest because of PHA's biodegradability characteristics. Production of PHA by an MMC enriched with PHA-accumulating bacteria was compared using anaerobically treated and acidified brewery wastewaters under various feeding strategies, namely pulse and batch feed addition. To obtain an enriched MMC, a sequencing batch reactor was inoculated with activated sludge fed with acetate and subjected to aerobic dynamic feeding. The enriched MMC was able to accumulate PHA up to 72.6% of cell dry weight(CDW) with pulse addition of acetate controlled by the dissolved oxygen(DO) concentration in the reactor. In a batch accumulation experiment with acetate,the PHA content achieved(28.5% CDW) was less than that of the pulse feeding strategy with the same amount of acetate(～2000 mg C/L). Using anaerobically treated and acidified brewery wastewater fed in pulses, the maximum PHA accumulated by the enriched MMC was similar for both wastewaters(45% CDW), in spite of the higher volatile fatty acid concentration in acidified brewery wastewater. The pulse feed addition controlled by the DO concentration was difficult to implement for wastewater as compared to acetate because the difference in DO concentration between substrate availability and depletion was low. For the batch addition of acidified wastewater, a slightly lower PHA content(39%CDW) was obtained. These results show that both brewery wastewaters can be utilized for PHA production with a similar maximum PHA storage capacity.

Electricity generation and brewery wastewater treatment from sequential anode-cathode microbial fuel cell

A sequential anode-cathode double-chamber microbial fuel cell （MFC）, in which the effluent of anode chamber was used as a continuous feed for an aerated cathode chamber, was constructed in this experiment to investigate the performance of brewery wastewater treatment in conjugation with electricity generation. Carbon fiber was used as anode and plain carbon felt with biofilm as cathode. When hydraulic retention time （HRT） was 14.7 h, a relatively high chemical oxygen demand （COD） removal efficiency of 91.7%-95.7% was achieved under long-term stable operation. The MFC displayed an open circuit voltage of 0.434 V and a maximum power density of 830 mW/m^3 at an external resistance of 300 0. To estimate the electrochemical performance of the MFC, electrochemical measurements were carried out and showed that polarization resistance of anode was the major limiting factor in the MFC. Since a high COD removal efficiency was achieved, we conclude that the sequential anode-cathode MFC constructed with bio-cathode in this experiment could provide a new approach for brewery wastewater treatment.

硅藻土、啤酒废液强化好氧颗粒污泥启动及运行效能

以实际市政污水为原水,添加硅藻土和啤酒废液,旨在分析硅藻土添加和啤酒废液调整进水有机质浓度,对好氧颗粒污泥的启动以及其脱氮和除磷效能的影响。结果表明:在第20 d时,投加硅藻土系统中出现形状规则的颗粒;在SBR中培养好氧颗粒污泥的系统中投加硅藻土后会显著强化好氧颗粒污泥的沉降性能,加速启动;投加硅藻土强化的两组AGS拥有更好的脱氮除磷效果,且对微生物的筛选和驯化也用时更短;投加啤酒废液的反应器脱氮除磷性能优于对照组,稳定后出水氮磷指标均能满足一级A标准。表明在当下污水厂的进水水质下,进水中的有机物浓度对好氧颗粒污泥实现高效脱氮和除磷过程及其颗粒形成有着显著影响,是关键制约因素。添加啤酒废液的反应器中富集了脱氮除磷和提高颗粒稳定的相关菌属如Anaerolineae和Alphaproteobacteria。

A pilot scale trickling filter with pebble gravel as media and its performance to remove chemical oxygen demand from synthetic brewery wastewater

Evaluating the performance of a biotrickling filter for the treatment of wastewaters produced by a company manufacturing beer was the aim of this study.A pilot scale trickling filter filled with gravel was used as the experimental biofilter.Pilot scale plant experiments were made to evaluate the performance of the trickling filter aerobic and anaerobic biofilm systems for removal of chemical oxygen demand(COD) and nutrients from synthetic brewery wastewater.Performance evaluation data of the trickling filter were generated under different experimental conditions.The trickling filter had an average efficiency of(86.81±6.95)% as the hydraulic loading rate increased from 4.0 to 6.4 m3/(m2·d).Various COD concentrations were used to adjust organic loading rates from 1.5 to 4.5 kg COD/(m3·d).An average COD removal efficiency of(85.10±6.40)% was achieved in all wastewater concentrations at a hydraulic loading of 6.4 m3/(m2·d).The results lead to a design organic load of 1.5 kg COD/(m3·d) to reach an effluent COD in the range of 50–120 mg/L.As can be concluded from the results of this study,organic substances in brewery wastewater can be handled in a cost-effective and environmentally friendly manner using the gravel-filled trickling filter.

酸度对酿酒废水厌氧消化效果的影响研究

以酿酒废水为供试材料,研究了不同酸度对酿酒废水中氨基酸、还原糖、蛋白质和甲醛含量的影响,以期提高酿酒废水"碳氧化"利用效率。实验结果显示:与处理A(溶液初始pH为6)相比,处理D(溶液初始pH为9)中氨基酸与还原糖含量分别高0.78倍和0.24倍,具有显著差异(p<0.05);处理E(溶液初始pH为10)中蛋白质与甲醛含量分别高2.38倍和0.72倍,具有显著差异(p<0.05)。由此表明,在碱性条件(溶液初始pH为9~10)对酿酒废水进行厌氧消化处理,可促进酿酒废水中的有机质向氨基酸、还原糖、蛋白质和甲醛转化,提高酿酒废水“碳氧化”利用效率。

水蕹菜对啤酒及饮食废水净化与资源化研究

水蕹菜对啤酒及饮食废水净化与资源化研究戴全裕，蒋兴昌（中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所，南京２１０００８）张珩，戴玉兰（无锡市电影胶片厂环保科）关键词：啤酒废水；饮食废水；水蕹菜；污水净化；资源化。近年来，一些学者利用经济作物来净化水质取得了较好的结果...

啤酒厂废水的生物处理

通过正交实验,用硅酸盐细菌GY03菌株产生的生物絮凝剂处理啤酒厂废水,取得了较好的效果,提出最佳处理条件和处理工艺。

利用啤酒废水培养普通小球藻生产微藻生物质和油脂

研究了普通小球藻在未处理啤酒废水及改良啤酒废水中的生长及积累油脂特性,并优化了改良啤酒废水培养小球藻的营养盐组成。优化得到适于培养小球藻生产微藻生物质和积累油脂的改良啤酒废水培养基组成为:在未经处理的啤酒废水中添加KNO30.50 g/L、MgSO40.75 g/L、Na2HPO40.75 g/L,调整pH至8.0。在此培养基中小球藻细胞质量浓度达0.94 g/L,为对照组的2.69倍;体积油脂产率达11.84 mg/(L.d),为对照组的1.97倍。研究表明,利用改良的啤酒废水培养小球藻可同时实现有机废水的资源化利用与降低微藻培养成本的双重目的,具有潜在的应用前景。

高活性絮凝剂产生菌群的构建、培养及应用研究

从筛选到的絮凝剂产生菌中构建出能比单一菌群产生更高絮凝活性的复合菌群———复合菌群1(BAFRT4+CYGS1).为降低复合菌群1的培养成本,尝试用啤酒废水替代葡萄糖作为培养基中的碳源和能源并获得成功.在优化培养条件下,复合菌群1所产MBF的絮凝活性达96.8%.复合菌群1所产MBF对靛蓝印染废水有良好的处理效果,最大CODCr去除率和脱色率分别达79.2%和87.6%.

成熟厌氧颗粒污泥的结构及其特征

厌氧序批式反应器〈AnaerobicSequencingBatchReactorASBR〉在处理啤酒废水过程中 ,能形成厌氧颗粒污泥。文中采用扫描电子显微镜和荧光显微镜技术对成熟厌氧颗粒污泥的结构及微生物群落等进行跟踪观察 ,结果显示 ,颗粒污泥结构复杂 ,细菌以微群落形式分布 ,其中产甲烷菌占一定比例。同时也探讨了厌氧颗粒污泥的形成机制。

活性污泥凝絮体的形成过程研究

采用序列间歇式反应器(SBR),对啤酒废水活性污泥凝絮体的形成过程及其微生态演替进行研究.结果显示:反应器活性污泥凝絮体的形成过程经历了4个阶段,即细菌增殖阶段、絮状体形成阶段、絮状体聚合阶段、凝絮体形成阶段.光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜观察发现,污泥表面附着有各种球菌、杆菌、丝状菌以及原、后生动物,凝絮体中微生物以微群落形式分布.

啤酒工业废水处理的研究概况

啤酒废水是一种高浓度的有机废水。本文总结和介绍了国内外近年来在啤酒废水处理方面取得的一些进展,并概要性地介绍了各种方法的处理工艺及其优缺点。

从造纸污泥中提取木质素处理酿造废液的研究

从造纸污泥中提取木质素,并将其作为絮凝剂应用于酿造废液的处理,着重研究了影响絮凝效果的因素及处理条件。研究表明,木质素絮凝剂的用量、温度和pH等因素对絮凝效果有一定影响。在pH4,废液温度25℃,木质素投加量150mg/L的条件下,酿造废液的COD和浊度去除率分别可达53.42%和92.82%。

光合细菌对啤酒废水处理的研究

采用光合细菌处理啤酒废水,对光合细菌的培养条件以及菌液投加量,温度对光合细菌净水效果的影响进行了探讨。结果表明,在人工光源照射下,培养液的pH值为7～8时,光合细菌最易于形成优势生长。其最佳接种量为20%～30%。净化啤酒废水过程中,最佳菌液投加量为30 mL/L,其最高的CODCr去除率达到80%。