Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of the plate screw internal fixation technique on the clinical outcomes of patients with traumatic fractures of long bones in the lower extremities. Methods: From January 20...Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of the plate screw internal fixation technique on the clinical outcomes of patients with traumatic fractures of long bones in the lower extremities. Methods: From January 2022 to December 2023, 70 patients with traumatic fractures of long bones in the lower extremities were admitted to the hospital and randomly divided into two groups: the control group and the observation group, each consisting of 35 cases. The control group underwent traditional closed interlocking intramedullary nailing, while the observation group received internal fixation with steel plates and screws. Relevant surgical indicators, treatment effectiveness, and postoperative complication rates were compared between the two groups. Results: The observation group exhibited significantly short surgical duration (80.65 ± 5.01 vs. 88.36 ± 5.26 minutes), fracture healing time (13.27 ± 0.32 vs. 15.52 ± 0.48 weeks), and hospitalization days (10.49 ± 1.13 vs. 16.57 ± 1.15 days) compared to the control group (P = 0.000). The effective treatment rate was significantly higher in the observation group (29/82.86%) than in the control group (21/60.00%), with a significant difference observed (χ2 = 4.480, P = 0.034). Additionally, the complication rate in the observation group (2/5.71%) was significantly lower than that in the control group (8/22.86%), with a correlated difference (χ2 = 4.200, P = 0.040). Conclusion: The plate screw internal fixation technique demonstrates significant clinical efficacy in treating traumatic fractures of long bones in the lower extremities. It improves the healing rate, reduces complications, and represents a safe and effective treatment strategy worthy of widespread use and application.展开更多
<b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Background:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> An open fracture is an injury in which the fracture site and/or hematom...<b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Background:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> An open fracture is an injury in which the fracture site and/or hematoma communicates with the external environment. It is associated with significant morbidity and disability and is a challenge to the surgical team. The lower extremities are the most often exposed to traumatic injuries compared to other anatomical parts of the body. Patterns of open fractures differ with different mechanisms of injury and the segment of the long bone affected. The correct and timely management of open fractures is beneficial to the patients and lead</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">s</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> to a more favorable outcome. This study aimed at describing the pattern of open fractures of long bones of the lower limb treated in 3 major hospitals of the south west region, Cameroon. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methodology: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">This was a hospital-based retrospective review of files of patients with open fractures of long bones of the lower limb managed at the surgical units of three secondary health facilities in the South-West region of Cameroon from the 1</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">st</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> of January 2015 to the 31</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">st</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> of December 2019. The socio-demographic characteristics, clinical presentation, treatment modalities, and outcomes were recorded. The data was stored and analyzed using Epi info version 7.0 and SPSS version 23.0 respectively. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">A total of 195 files of patients aged 8 to 80 years were studied. The main age group affected was between 20</span></span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">40 </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">years. There were 147 (75.4%) males and 48 (24.6%) females giving a sex-ratio</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> of 3.1:1. The most common cause was road traffic crashes 142 (72.8%). In 98 cases (50.3%)</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> the left side was more involved. The tibia was the most common long bone affected in 75 (38.5%) cases. Comminuted fracture was the most common fracture pattern encountered in 126 cases (64.6%). A total of 76 (39%) fractures were graded Gustilo-Anderson IIIA. External fixator was used in 112 cases (57.1%) and internal fixator in 86 cases (42.9%). We recorded 127 (65.1%) cases of wound infection and 143 (73.3%) cases of limb shortening as the most common complications. Other complications include</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">: </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">20 cases (17.1%) of mal-union, 27 cases (22.5%) of delayed union, 18 cases (15.1%) of non-union and 50 cases (38.5%) chronic osteomyelitis. We recorded a mortality of 2.1%. Gustilo IIIB and IIIC were associated to chronic osteomyelitis (P</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">=</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">0.02). </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Open fractures of long bones of the lower limb affect the active age group of the population and road traffic crashes</span></span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">are the most common causes. It tends to affect the left side and the tibia being the most fractured long bone. A reasonable proportion of these fractures subsequently get infected. Comminuted fracture is the common fracture pattern.</span>展开更多
Lower limb injures are frequently observed in passenger car traffic accidents.Previous studies of the injuries focus on long bone fractures by using either cadaver component tests or simulations of the long bone kinem...Lower limb injures are frequently observed in passenger car traffic accidents.Previous studies of the injuries focus on long bone fractures by using either cadaver component tests or simulations of the long bone kinematics,which lack in-depth study on the fractures in stress analysis.This paper aims to investigate lower limb impact biomechanics in real-world car to pedestrian accidents and to predict fractures of long bones in term of stress parameter for femur,tibia,and fibula.For the above purposes,a 3D finite element(FE) model of human body lower limb(HBM-LL) is developed based on human anatomy.The model consists of the pelvis,femur,tibia,fibula,patella,foot bones,primary tendons,knee joint capsule,meniscus,and ligaments.The FE model is validated by comparing the results from a lateral impact between simulations and tests with cadaver lower limb specimens.Two real-world accidents are selected from an in-depth accident database with detailed information about the accident scene,car impact speed,damage to the car,and pedestrian injuries.Multi-body system(MBS) models are used to reconstruct the kinematics of the pedestrians in the two accidents and the impact conditions are calculated for initial impact velocity and orientations of the car and pedestrian during the collision.The FE model is used to perform injury reconstructions and predict the fractures by using physical parameters,such as von Mises stress of long bones.The calculated failure level of the long bones is correlated with the injury outcomes observed from the two accident cases.The reconstruction result shows that the HBM-LL FE model has acceptable biofidelity and can be applied to predict the risk of long bone fractures.This study provides an efficient methodology to investigate the long bone fracture suffered from vehicle traffic collisions.展开更多
目的 探讨使用Orthofix单边外固定架通过骨短缩-延长肢体治疗下肢开放性粉碎性骨折临床疗效。方法 回顾性分析2017年1月~2022年3月深圳市龙华区中心医院创伤骨科使用Orthofix单边外固定架通过骨短缩-延长肢体治疗下肢开放性粉碎性骨折患...目的 探讨使用Orthofix单边外固定架通过骨短缩-延长肢体治疗下肢开放性粉碎性骨折临床疗效。方法 回顾性分析2017年1月~2022年3月深圳市龙华区中心医院创伤骨科使用Orthofix单边外固定架通过骨短缩-延长肢体治疗下肢开放性粉碎性骨折患者25例,男性18例,女7例,年龄20~57岁,平均38.6岁,股骨8例,胫骨17例,左侧14例,右侧11例,GustiloⅢC型5例,GustiloⅢB型20例,交通事故17例,重物砸伤8例,2例合并2型糖尿病,合并软组织缺损23例,合并大动静脉缺损3例(缺损长度分别为9 cm, 5 cm, 4 cm),合并踝关节骨折5例。所有病例经清创后出现骨缺损,骨缺损长度5~23 cm,平均缺损长度10 cm,软组织缺损面积8 cm×5 cm~18 cm×10 cm。GustiloⅢC型患者根据缺损动静脉长度进行相应长度骨短缩并用组合式外固定架固定,直接闭合创面或封闭负压引流。GustiloⅢB型患者一期骨短缩3~7 cm并用组合式外固定支架固定,创面直接闭合或封闭负压引流,合并大动静脉缺损患者1.5月后安装Orthofix单边外固定架,并行股骨或胫骨截骨延长术,未合并大动静脉缺损患者术后1周左右复查白细胞计数、中性粒细胞计数、C反应蛋白及降钙素原正常后,安装Orthofix单边外固定架+股骨或胫骨截骨延长术。结果 随访12~36个月,所有患者骨及软组织缺损均愈合,未出现下肢不等长>2.5 cm、骨延长区域或骨折端再发骨折等并发症。骨性愈合时间为12~24个月,平均18.6个月;骨性愈合指数为31.7~120.2 d/cm,平均63.8 d/cm;外固定时间为12~30个月,平均20.6个月;外固定指数为32.3~117.2 d/cm,平均56.8 d/cm。Ilizarov技术研究与应用学会(Association for Study and Application of Method of Ilizarov, ASAMI)骨愈合评价:优23例,良2例;ASAMI下肢功能评价:优17例,良7例,可1例。结论 使用Orthofix单边外固定架通过骨短缩-延长肢体治疗下肢开放性粉碎性骨折可同时修复骨与软组织缺损,无须移植血管神经及皮瓣修复,降低手术难度,值得临床推广。展开更多
基于THUMS(total human model for safety)下肢长骨有限元模型,在材料和单元属性等方面进行了改进.在详细分析行人下肢长骨载荷特点的基础上,采用多种不同载荷工况下较新的生物力学实验数据,对长骨模型进行了前-后和外-内加载方向的准...基于THUMS(total human model for safety)下肢长骨有限元模型,在材料和单元属性等方面进行了改进.在详细分析行人下肢长骨载荷特点的基础上,采用多种不同载荷工况下较新的生物力学实验数据,对长骨模型进行了前-后和外-内加载方向的准静态三点弯曲验证,同时对近心端1/3处、中部和远心端1/3处加载的动态三点弯曲验证.验证结果表明,该模型具有较好的生物逼真度,能够准确地模拟行人下肢长骨的骨折及碰撞响应,可用于后续行人下肢模型的开发,并为行人下肢损伤机理和安全防护研究提供准确高效的研究手段.展开更多
文摘Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of the plate screw internal fixation technique on the clinical outcomes of patients with traumatic fractures of long bones in the lower extremities. Methods: From January 2022 to December 2023, 70 patients with traumatic fractures of long bones in the lower extremities were admitted to the hospital and randomly divided into two groups: the control group and the observation group, each consisting of 35 cases. The control group underwent traditional closed interlocking intramedullary nailing, while the observation group received internal fixation with steel plates and screws. Relevant surgical indicators, treatment effectiveness, and postoperative complication rates were compared between the two groups. Results: The observation group exhibited significantly short surgical duration (80.65 ± 5.01 vs. 88.36 ± 5.26 minutes), fracture healing time (13.27 ± 0.32 vs. 15.52 ± 0.48 weeks), and hospitalization days (10.49 ± 1.13 vs. 16.57 ± 1.15 days) compared to the control group (P = 0.000). The effective treatment rate was significantly higher in the observation group (29/82.86%) than in the control group (21/60.00%), with a significant difference observed (χ2 = 4.480, P = 0.034). Additionally, the complication rate in the observation group (2/5.71%) was significantly lower than that in the control group (8/22.86%), with a correlated difference (χ2 = 4.200, P = 0.040). Conclusion: The plate screw internal fixation technique demonstrates significant clinical efficacy in treating traumatic fractures of long bones in the lower extremities. It improves the healing rate, reduces complications, and represents a safe and effective treatment strategy worthy of widespread use and application.
文摘<b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Background:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> An open fracture is an injury in which the fracture site and/or hematoma communicates with the external environment. It is associated with significant morbidity and disability and is a challenge to the surgical team. The lower extremities are the most often exposed to traumatic injuries compared to other anatomical parts of the body. Patterns of open fractures differ with different mechanisms of injury and the segment of the long bone affected. The correct and timely management of open fractures is beneficial to the patients and lead</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">s</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> to a more favorable outcome. This study aimed at describing the pattern of open fractures of long bones of the lower limb treated in 3 major hospitals of the south west region, Cameroon. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methodology: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">This was a hospital-based retrospective review of files of patients with open fractures of long bones of the lower limb managed at the surgical units of three secondary health facilities in the South-West region of Cameroon from the 1</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">st</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> of January 2015 to the 31</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">st</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> of December 2019. The socio-demographic characteristics, clinical presentation, treatment modalities, and outcomes were recorded. The data was stored and analyzed using Epi info version 7.0 and SPSS version 23.0 respectively. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">A total of 195 files of patients aged 8 to 80 years were studied. The main age group affected was between 20</span></span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">40 </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">years. There were 147 (75.4%) males and 48 (24.6%) females giving a sex-ratio</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> of 3.1:1. The most common cause was road traffic crashes 142 (72.8%). In 98 cases (50.3%)</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> the left side was more involved. The tibia was the most common long bone affected in 75 (38.5%) cases. Comminuted fracture was the most common fracture pattern encountered in 126 cases (64.6%). A total of 76 (39%) fractures were graded Gustilo-Anderson IIIA. External fixator was used in 112 cases (57.1%) and internal fixator in 86 cases (42.9%). We recorded 127 (65.1%) cases of wound infection and 143 (73.3%) cases of limb shortening as the most common complications. Other complications include</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">: </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">20 cases (17.1%) of mal-union, 27 cases (22.5%) of delayed union, 18 cases (15.1%) of non-union and 50 cases (38.5%) chronic osteomyelitis. We recorded a mortality of 2.1%. Gustilo IIIB and IIIC were associated to chronic osteomyelitis (P</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">=</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">0.02). </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Open fractures of long bones of the lower limb affect the active age group of the population and road traffic crashes</span></span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">are the most common causes. It tends to affect the left side and the tibia being the most fractured long bone. A reasonable proportion of these fractures subsequently get infected. Comminuted fracture is the common fracture pattern.</span>
基金supported by National Hi-tech Research and Development Program of China (863 Program,Grant No. 2006AA110101)"111 Program" of Ministry of Education and State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs of China (Grant No. 111-2-11)+1 种基金General Motors Research and Development Center (Grant No. RD-209)Project of State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body,Hunan University,China (Grant No. 60870004)
文摘Lower limb injures are frequently observed in passenger car traffic accidents.Previous studies of the injuries focus on long bone fractures by using either cadaver component tests or simulations of the long bone kinematics,which lack in-depth study on the fractures in stress analysis.This paper aims to investigate lower limb impact biomechanics in real-world car to pedestrian accidents and to predict fractures of long bones in term of stress parameter for femur,tibia,and fibula.For the above purposes,a 3D finite element(FE) model of human body lower limb(HBM-LL) is developed based on human anatomy.The model consists of the pelvis,femur,tibia,fibula,patella,foot bones,primary tendons,knee joint capsule,meniscus,and ligaments.The FE model is validated by comparing the results from a lateral impact between simulations and tests with cadaver lower limb specimens.Two real-world accidents are selected from an in-depth accident database with detailed information about the accident scene,car impact speed,damage to the car,and pedestrian injuries.Multi-body system(MBS) models are used to reconstruct the kinematics of the pedestrians in the two accidents and the impact conditions are calculated for initial impact velocity and orientations of the car and pedestrian during the collision.The FE model is used to perform injury reconstructions and predict the fractures by using physical parameters,such as von Mises stress of long bones.The calculated failure level of the long bones is correlated with the injury outcomes observed from the two accident cases.The reconstruction result shows that the HBM-LL FE model has acceptable biofidelity and can be applied to predict the risk of long bone fractures.This study provides an efficient methodology to investigate the long bone fracture suffered from vehicle traffic collisions.
文摘目的 探讨使用Orthofix单边外固定架通过骨短缩-延长肢体治疗下肢开放性粉碎性骨折临床疗效。方法 回顾性分析2017年1月~2022年3月深圳市龙华区中心医院创伤骨科使用Orthofix单边外固定架通过骨短缩-延长肢体治疗下肢开放性粉碎性骨折患者25例,男性18例,女7例,年龄20~57岁,平均38.6岁,股骨8例,胫骨17例,左侧14例,右侧11例,GustiloⅢC型5例,GustiloⅢB型20例,交通事故17例,重物砸伤8例,2例合并2型糖尿病,合并软组织缺损23例,合并大动静脉缺损3例(缺损长度分别为9 cm, 5 cm, 4 cm),合并踝关节骨折5例。所有病例经清创后出现骨缺损,骨缺损长度5~23 cm,平均缺损长度10 cm,软组织缺损面积8 cm×5 cm~18 cm×10 cm。GustiloⅢC型患者根据缺损动静脉长度进行相应长度骨短缩并用组合式外固定架固定,直接闭合创面或封闭负压引流。GustiloⅢB型患者一期骨短缩3~7 cm并用组合式外固定支架固定,创面直接闭合或封闭负压引流,合并大动静脉缺损患者1.5月后安装Orthofix单边外固定架,并行股骨或胫骨截骨延长术,未合并大动静脉缺损患者术后1周左右复查白细胞计数、中性粒细胞计数、C反应蛋白及降钙素原正常后,安装Orthofix单边外固定架+股骨或胫骨截骨延长术。结果 随访12~36个月,所有患者骨及软组织缺损均愈合,未出现下肢不等长>2.5 cm、骨延长区域或骨折端再发骨折等并发症。骨性愈合时间为12~24个月,平均18.6个月;骨性愈合指数为31.7~120.2 d/cm,平均63.8 d/cm;外固定时间为12~30个月,平均20.6个月;外固定指数为32.3~117.2 d/cm,平均56.8 d/cm。Ilizarov技术研究与应用学会(Association for Study and Application of Method of Ilizarov, ASAMI)骨愈合评价:优23例,良2例;ASAMI下肢功能评价:优17例,良7例,可1例。结论 使用Orthofix单边外固定架通过骨短缩-延长肢体治疗下肢开放性粉碎性骨折可同时修复骨与软组织缺损,无须移植血管神经及皮瓣修复,降低手术难度,值得临床推广。
文摘基于THUMS(total human model for safety)下肢长骨有限元模型,在材料和单元属性等方面进行了改进.在详细分析行人下肢长骨载荷特点的基础上,采用多种不同载荷工况下较新的生物力学实验数据,对长骨模型进行了前-后和外-内加载方向的准静态三点弯曲验证,同时对近心端1/3处、中部和远心端1/3处加载的动态三点弯曲验证.验证结果表明,该模型具有较好的生物逼真度,能够准确地模拟行人下肢长骨的骨折及碰撞响应,可用于后续行人下肢模型的开发,并为行人下肢损伤机理和安全防护研究提供准确高效的研究手段.