In this study, two types of pre-distributors (nonuniform-pores and dual-baffle)for the combined solids-liquid distributor in gas-liquid-solid circulating fluidized bed heat exchanger, were designed and the characteris...In this study, two types of pre-distributors (nonuniform-pores and dual-baffle)for the combined solids-liquid distributor in gas-liquid-solid circulating fluidized bed heat exchanger, were designed and the characteristics of particles distribution was compared. In the experiments, the sampling method was used to measure local solids flux and a U shape pipe was used to measure static pressure drop in the lower pipe box.The effects of different superficial liquid velocities and liquid viscosities on the parameters mentioned above were investigated.The degree of distribution of local solids flux in exchanger pipe was evaluated by the non-uniformity function.The results showed that the two types of pre-distributors were both suitable for gas-liquid-solid circulating fluidized bed heat exchanger at a lower static pressure drop in the lower pipe box.Compared with the nonuniform-pores pre-distributor, the dual-baffle pre-distributor showed better performance.展开更多
为探明在日光温室内不同的覆膜方式、毛管密度、灌水下限等农艺措施对甜瓜生长及产量的影响,采用正交试验设计,研究了不同的覆膜方式(全覆膜、半覆膜、无膜)、滴灌毛管密度(1管1行、3管4行、1管2行)和灌水下限(田间持水量的60%、70%、8...为探明在日光温室内不同的覆膜方式、毛管密度、灌水下限等农艺措施对甜瓜生长及产量的影响,采用正交试验设计,研究了不同的覆膜方式(全覆膜、半覆膜、无膜)、滴灌毛管密度(1管1行、3管4行、1管2行)和灌水下限(田间持水量的60%、70%、80%)组合对日光温室甜瓜的植株生长、光合效率、生物量、产量和水分利用效率等的影响,分析了甜瓜产量与植株生长、光合效率、生物量等的关系。结果表明,半膜覆盖的根区土壤温度较高、水分分布更均匀,其叶面积指数、根鲜质量、根冠比等指标优于全膜和无膜处理,土壤脲酶、磷酸酶活性等也显著高于全膜和无膜处理,提高了甜瓜的生物量和产量及水分利用效率。毛管密度对甜瓜生长与产量具有显著影响,3管4行的植株鲜质量和植株干质量等均低于1管1行和1管2行处理,但茎粗、根鲜质量、根冠比等高于其他两个处理。3管4行模式有利于作物吸收更多的养分和水分,光合产物更多地向果实分配,产量比1管1行和1管2行分别提高了8.56%和3.37%,其水分利用效率也最高。灌水下限是影响甜瓜生长和产量的重要因素,与田间持水量的60%和80%比较,灌水下限为田间持水量的70%时,植株平衡生长,产量比60%时和80%时分别提高了22.58%和2.42%。全膜、半膜覆盖的水分利用效率(Irrigation water use efficiency,IWUE)分别比无膜高57.21%、56.41%,3管4行的IWUE分别比管1行和1管2行高3.54%和0.80%,灌水下限70%田间持水量的IWUE比80%时高58.46%。根据试验结果,建议日光温室的甜瓜栽培宜采用半膜覆盖,3管4行和70%田间持水量组合。展开更多
文摘In this study, two types of pre-distributors (nonuniform-pores and dual-baffle)for the combined solids-liquid distributor in gas-liquid-solid circulating fluidized bed heat exchanger, were designed and the characteristics of particles distribution was compared. In the experiments, the sampling method was used to measure local solids flux and a U shape pipe was used to measure static pressure drop in the lower pipe box.The effects of different superficial liquid velocities and liquid viscosities on the parameters mentioned above were investigated.The degree of distribution of local solids flux in exchanger pipe was evaluated by the non-uniformity function.The results showed that the two types of pre-distributors were both suitable for gas-liquid-solid circulating fluidized bed heat exchanger at a lower static pressure drop in the lower pipe box.Compared with the nonuniform-pores pre-distributor, the dual-baffle pre-distributor showed better performance.
文摘为探明在日光温室内不同的覆膜方式、毛管密度、灌水下限等农艺措施对甜瓜生长及产量的影响,采用正交试验设计,研究了不同的覆膜方式(全覆膜、半覆膜、无膜)、滴灌毛管密度(1管1行、3管4行、1管2行)和灌水下限(田间持水量的60%、70%、80%)组合对日光温室甜瓜的植株生长、光合效率、生物量、产量和水分利用效率等的影响,分析了甜瓜产量与植株生长、光合效率、生物量等的关系。结果表明,半膜覆盖的根区土壤温度较高、水分分布更均匀,其叶面积指数、根鲜质量、根冠比等指标优于全膜和无膜处理,土壤脲酶、磷酸酶活性等也显著高于全膜和无膜处理,提高了甜瓜的生物量和产量及水分利用效率。毛管密度对甜瓜生长与产量具有显著影响,3管4行的植株鲜质量和植株干质量等均低于1管1行和1管2行处理,但茎粗、根鲜质量、根冠比等高于其他两个处理。3管4行模式有利于作物吸收更多的养分和水分,光合产物更多地向果实分配,产量比1管1行和1管2行分别提高了8.56%和3.37%,其水分利用效率也最高。灌水下限是影响甜瓜生长和产量的重要因素,与田间持水量的60%和80%比较,灌水下限为田间持水量的70%时,植株平衡生长,产量比60%时和80%时分别提高了22.58%和2.42%。全膜、半膜覆盖的水分利用效率(Irrigation water use efficiency,IWUE)分别比无膜高57.21%、56.41%,3管4行的IWUE分别比管1行和1管2行高3.54%和0.80%,灌水下限70%田间持水量的IWUE比80%时高58.46%。根据试验结果,建议日光温室的甜瓜栽培宜采用半膜覆盖,3管4行和70%田间持水量组合。
