利用常规观测资料、加密自动站资料、NCEP 1°×1°分析资料、FY-2E卫星及雷达资料等,采用诊断分析和对比分析方法,分析了2014年9月27—28日豫中南区域性暴雨的环流形势、强降水成因、中尺度特征及该过程与夏季暴雨的异同...利用常规观测资料、加密自动站资料、NCEP 1°×1°分析资料、FY-2E卫星及雷达资料等,采用诊断分析和对比分析方法,分析了2014年9月27—28日豫中南区域性暴雨的环流形势、强降水成因、中尺度特征及该过程与夏季暴雨的异同。结果表明:本次秋季暴雨过程是高空低槽、副高、中低层切变线、高低空急流、地面倒槽等系统共同作用的结果。持续的水汽辐合为暴雨提供了充沛的水汽条件,水汽通量大值区与水汽辐合中心分布及暴雨落区吻合;低层涡度的发展和水平风的切变导致垂直涡度发展,动力条件较好;K指数高值区对预报暴雨尤其强降水落区有较好指示意义,暴雨中心上空θse值随高度递减,高层低能舌叠加在低层高能区之上,强降水落区位于二者交汇的区域。低层偏东气流与高空槽前西南气流配合产生经向次级环流,上升运动增强;200 h Pa西风急流稳定维持,导致高层抽吸作用明显,有利于区域性暴雨发展。降水云团tbb一般在-32℃左右,发展高度明显低于夏季暴雨云团;降水前期回波为层云回波,后期转变为混合性回波,强降水主要由混合降水回波中的强对流云团导致的。中高层没有明显强冷空气,低层冷空气作用较大,东路冷空气一方面形成冷垫造成动力抬升,另一方面在低层与暖湿气流形成强水汽辐合,是本次秋季区域性暴雨的形成机制,也是不同于夏季暴雨的主要特征。展开更多
To better understand the dust storm (hereafter DS) inducing circulation in the China-Mongolia (CM) DS activity area,the spring mean circulation features and differences on lower levels in three subregions of the CM DS...To better understand the dust storm (hereafter DS) inducing circulation in the China-Mongolia (CM) DS activity area,the spring mean circulation features and differences on lower levels in three subregions of the CM DS area for the majorandminor-DS years have,as a whole (not partly),been analyzed,utilizing the National Centers for Environmental Prediction and the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalyzed gridded data,the observed DS frequency data in the CM area,and the composite analysis method.The main conclusions are as follows:(1) Judging from the differences in the DS-inducing systems,dust origins,paths of invading cold air,and main DS-strike areas,the whole CM DS area is roughly divided into the three subre-gions:the East-,Middleand West-CM subregions (in this paper,referred to as E-,M-,and W-CM).(2) In major DSs during spring over the E-CM,the middleand lower-level troughs or cyclones over the Japan Sea and northeastern China (NEC) domi-nate.The invading cold air along the northeastern (NE) or north by east (NE) path often causes the DS in the E-CM region.But nearly the opposite is true inminor DS during spring in E-CM.(3) In the major DS during spring over the M-CM region,the Mongolian troughs or cyclones are the main DS-inducing systems.The strong invading cold air along the northwestern (NW)or north by west (Nw) path causes the DSs in the M-CM region.(4) In the major DSs during spring over the W-CM region,the South Xinjiang heat lows prevail,the intruding cold air has a western path,and creates the DSs in South Xinjiang.(5) In the past 50 years,the DSs over the M-CM region have had the most severe impact on the preceding three subregions of the CM DS area.Overall,DS activities over all of three regions of the CM area decreased in the past (particularly,over Mand W-CM regions since the mid-1980s.But there existed a short and sudden increasing in E-CM in the years 2000-2002.(6) It is circulation changes and desertification evolutions that cause the yearly and decadal changes of DS in CM area,especially the former.With the backdrop of global warming in the future,perhaps the decreased DS activities over Mand W-CM will persist for some time again,and special attention should be paid to ones over E-CM or to the individual DS events over Mand W-CM.展开更多
文摘利用常规观测资料、加密自动站资料、NCEP 1°×1°分析资料、FY-2E卫星及雷达资料等,采用诊断分析和对比分析方法,分析了2014年9月27—28日豫中南区域性暴雨的环流形势、强降水成因、中尺度特征及该过程与夏季暴雨的异同。结果表明:本次秋季暴雨过程是高空低槽、副高、中低层切变线、高低空急流、地面倒槽等系统共同作用的结果。持续的水汽辐合为暴雨提供了充沛的水汽条件,水汽通量大值区与水汽辐合中心分布及暴雨落区吻合;低层涡度的发展和水平风的切变导致垂直涡度发展,动力条件较好;K指数高值区对预报暴雨尤其强降水落区有较好指示意义,暴雨中心上空θse值随高度递减,高层低能舌叠加在低层高能区之上,强降水落区位于二者交汇的区域。低层偏东气流与高空槽前西南气流配合产生经向次级环流,上升运动增强;200 h Pa西风急流稳定维持,导致高层抽吸作用明显,有利于区域性暴雨发展。降水云团tbb一般在-32℃左右,发展高度明显低于夏季暴雨云团;降水前期回波为层云回波,后期转变为混合性回波,强降水主要由混合降水回波中的强对流云团导致的。中高层没有明显强冷空气,低层冷空气作用较大,东路冷空气一方面形成冷垫造成动力抬升,另一方面在低层与暖湿气流形成强水汽辐合,是本次秋季区域性暴雨的形成机制,也是不同于夏季暴雨的主要特征。
基金under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.40825015 and No.40810059006)
文摘To better understand the dust storm (hereafter DS) inducing circulation in the China-Mongolia (CM) DS activity area,the spring mean circulation features and differences on lower levels in three subregions of the CM DS area for the majorandminor-DS years have,as a whole (not partly),been analyzed,utilizing the National Centers for Environmental Prediction and the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalyzed gridded data,the observed DS frequency data in the CM area,and the composite analysis method.The main conclusions are as follows:(1) Judging from the differences in the DS-inducing systems,dust origins,paths of invading cold air,and main DS-strike areas,the whole CM DS area is roughly divided into the three subre-gions:the East-,Middleand West-CM subregions (in this paper,referred to as E-,M-,and W-CM).(2) In major DSs during spring over the E-CM,the middleand lower-level troughs or cyclones over the Japan Sea and northeastern China (NEC) domi-nate.The invading cold air along the northeastern (NE) or north by east (NE) path often causes the DS in the E-CM region.But nearly the opposite is true inminor DS during spring in E-CM.(3) In the major DS during spring over the M-CM region,the Mongolian troughs or cyclones are the main DS-inducing systems.The strong invading cold air along the northwestern (NW)or north by west (Nw) path causes the DSs in the M-CM region.(4) In the major DSs during spring over the W-CM region,the South Xinjiang heat lows prevail,the intruding cold air has a western path,and creates the DSs in South Xinjiang.(5) In the past 50 years,the DSs over the M-CM region have had the most severe impact on the preceding three subregions of the CM DS area.Overall,DS activities over all of three regions of the CM area decreased in the past (particularly,over Mand W-CM regions since the mid-1980s.But there existed a short and sudden increasing in E-CM in the years 2000-2002.(6) It is circulation changes and desertification evolutions that cause the yearly and decadal changes of DS in CM area,especially the former.With the backdrop of global warming in the future,perhaps the decreased DS activities over Mand W-CM will persist for some time again,and special attention should be paid to ones over E-CM or to the individual DS events over Mand W-CM.
