Market Square shopping center contains several restaurants and cafés providing a diverse range of Asian foods and delicacies and this area is known by locals and Griffith University students as a great location ...Market Square shopping center contains several restaurants and cafés providing a diverse range of Asian foods and delicacies and this area is known by locals and Griffith University students as a great location for‘eating out'.Then,what is the market structure in this shopping mall and what kind of competitive strategies should be used to maximize profits according to the characteristics in this shopping center?展开更多
Developing the electricity market at the distribution level can facilitate the energy transactions in distribution networks with a high penetration level of distributed energy resources(DERs)and microgrids(MGs).Howeve...Developing the electricity market at the distribution level can facilitate the energy transactions in distribution networks with a high penetration level of distributed energy resources(DERs)and microgrids(MGs).However,the lack of comprehensive information about the marginal production cost of competitors leads to uncertainties in the optimal bidding strategy of participants.The electricity demand within the network and the price in the wholesale electricity market are two other sources of the uncertainties.In this paper,a day-ahead-market-based framework for managing the energy transactions among MGs and other participants in distribution networks is introduced.A game-theory-based method is presented to model the competition and determine the optimal bidding strategy of participants in the market.Robust optimization technique is employed to capture the uncertainties in the marginal cost of competitors.Additionally,the uncertainties in demand are modeled using a scenario-based stochastic approach.The results ob-tained from case studies reveal the merit of considering competition modeling and uncertainties.展开更多
With China’s entry into WTO, China’s small and medium-sized enterprises are facing unprecedented opportunities and challenges. The integration of the world economy has brought opportunities for the internationalizat...With China’s entry into WTO, China’s small and medium-sized enterprises are facing unprecedented opportunities and challenges. The integration of the world economy has brought opportunities for the internationalization and industrialization of small and medium-sized enterprises. However, due to the lack of systematic marketing strategies, the development of small and medium-sized enterprises is beset with difficulties. From the perspective of marketing strategy, this paper analyzes the marketing strategy problems faced by small and medium-sized enterprises. From four aspects: marketing concept, marketing team, marketing strategy and marketing model 4P, this paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions for improving the marketing benefits of small and medium-sized enterprises.展开更多
The quickly growing development and fierce competition in technical industry make Apps for The Future Inc. (AFF) has risk of losing market share and their customers' trust. Therefore, after the examine of three so...The quickly growing development and fierce competition in technical industry make Apps for The Future Inc. (AFF) has risk of losing market share and their customers' trust. Therefore, after the examine of three solutions which used by Nokia, Motorola and China Unicom based on the selected criteria, the suitable solutions that the AFF managers should follow are creating new flagship product with low price, finding development direction and keep investing. Those solutions could allow companies to keep creating, keep motivating and care their customers, and allow this company to be successful and regain customer trust.展开更多
Small and medium enterprises(SMEs)play an important role in the world economy.Modern trends in the development of small and medium enterprises imply a constant increase in their role in the total income of an economy....Small and medium enterprises(SMEs)play an important role in the world economy.Modern trends in the development of small and medium enterprises imply a constant increase in their role in the total income of an economy.For such an approach,it is important to achieve quality organizational and managerial concepts of planning strategy development.In many countries,small businesses dominate in the production of a number of smaller products,higher consumption,and high quality of these products.The concept of a small economy consists of a group of companies that stand out in terms of their characteristics in relation to large companies.In relation to large companies as business systems,SMEs differ based on the concept of their own organization’s business,the volume of business,and the availability of resources.Research data show that the main obstacle to efficient continuous business of SMEs in the world is the procurement and maintenance of business resources.Ensuring continuity in production is often a problem of lack of resources,which primarily characterizes them in relation to large companies.Small business and entrepreneurship are the main backbone of today’s economic development,viewed globally.The purpose of the development of small and medium enterprises in the world is to enable the development of a successful and flexible entrepreneurial climate as an important organizational determinant,which is a prerequisite for progress in the modern world economy.The feature of SME development is the innovation of employees that needs to be constantly developed.In that way,conditions are provided for technological development,formation of flexible organizations,and new employment.In practice,small and medium enterprises are the engine of economic development.It is a sector that promotes private property and entrepreneurial skills.According to experts on economic issues,SMEs are today and in the future,not only in Serbia,the Region,but also in the world,a synonym for the private sector-for entrepreneurship.Comparative analysis shows the advantage of SMEs,especially in flexible business,where they can quickly adapt to change and can fully meet market demands.展开更多
COVID-19 is a devastating pandemic with widespread negative health,social,and economic consequences.Due to drastic changes in the business environment of tour and travel agencies,firms and marketing managers can now u...COVID-19 is a devastating pandemic with widespread negative health,social,and economic consequences.Due to drastic changes in the business environment of tour and travel agencies,firms and marketing managers can now use search engine optimization to effectively position themselves.The study’s main goal is to evaluate the effect of search engine optimization on the market performance of registered tours and travel agencies in Nairobi County,Kenya.Kenya’s tourism ministry and state government work hard to improve the business climate for tour and travel companies.Despite the overall positive image,international tourist market growth rates in Kenya have been 3.5 percent slower from 2017 to 2019 compared to previous years.This was further aggregated by the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in the year 2020,when the growth rate of tours and travel agencies fell by 65%.The study’s main goal is to evaluate the effect of search engine optimization on the market performance of registered tours and travel agencies in Nairobi County,Kenya.This study adopted a positivist philosophy.Both descriptive and explanatory research designs were used.A self-administered semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 324 registered tours and travels agencies picked from and a sample of 179 were used.Data analysis included the development and interpretation of both descriptive and inferential statistics,such as frequencies,mean,percentages,and standard deviation,and was presented using tables and numerical values.The results of regression analysis established that search engine optimization had a positive and significant effect on market performance of the registered tours and travel agencies picked from a sample of 179.The study recommends that agency management ensure that the firm’s website is easily accessible in order to improve agency performance.Using the internet to gain a large market share can assist tours and travel agencies in improving the performance and income of their websites.展开更多
A new round of reform of the power system conforms to the national development of the energy revolution and the reform of the electricity market system. As an important promoter of the energy revolution and power refo...A new round of reform of the power system conforms to the national development of the energy revolution and the reform of the electricity market system. As an important promoter of the energy revolution and power reform, a new round of power system reform has brought profound changes to the energy industry and the power industry and the electricity market system has changed dramatically. With the release of the electricity market, market competition intensified. This paper analyzes the competition strategy of electricity sales market, analyzes the characteristics of market participants such as power generation enterprises, power grid enterprises, electricity sales companies and users, and puts forward the corresponding coping strategies to help the market participants to deal with the opportunities and challenges brought by power system reform, provide guidance and reference for the market participants.展开更多
Efficient cooperation,which has become common under rising economic globalization,is leading to new opportunities and challenges for enterprises choosing long-term competition strategies.Sharing resources with competi...Efficient cooperation,which has become common under rising economic globalization,is leading to new opportunities and challenges for enterprises choosing long-term competition strategies.Sharing resources with competitors is believed to weaken a firm's competitive edge.However,a potentially competitive market may change a firm's incentive to share resources strategically with rivals.Consequently,this study investigates two possible cooperation models between leading enterprises and small and medium-sized enterprises(SMEs)to examine the impact of sharing resources on a firm's strategy.This analysis shows that cooperation strategies benefit both the leading firm and the SME under certain conditions.Furthermore,this study demonstrates that the wholesale cooperation strategy is always more detrimental to the environment than the license cooperation strategy.Interestingly,although cooperation can help SMEs develop sustainably in most cases,industries with high resource costs may experience a situation in which SMEs benefit from competition,thus resisting cooperation and harming the leading enterprise.This study highlights the role of a potentially competitive market and provides managerial insights for stakeholders.展开更多
The existing electricity market mechanisms designed to promote the consumption of renewable energy generation complicate network participation in market transactions owing to an unfair market competition environment,w...The existing electricity market mechanisms designed to promote the consumption of renewable energy generation complicate network participation in market transactions owing to an unfair market competition environment,where the low cost renewable energy generation is not reflected in the high bidding price of high cost conventional energy generation.This study addresses this issue by proposing a bi-level optimization based two-stage market clearing model that considers the bidding strategies of market players,and guarantees the accommodation of renewable energy generation.The first stage implements a dual-market clearing mechanism that includes a unified market for trading the power generations of both renewable energy and conventional energy units,and a subsidy market reserved exclusively for conventional generation units.A re-adjustment clearing mechanism is then proposed in the second stage to accommodate the power generation of remaining renewable energy units after first stage energy allocations.Each stage of the proposed model is further described as a bi-level market equilibrium problem and is solved using a co-evolutionary algorithm.Finally,numerical results involving an improved IEEE 39-bus system dem-onstrate that the proposed two-stage model meets the basic requirements of incentive compatibility and individual rationality.It can facilitate the rational allocation of resources,promote the economical operation of electric power grids,and enhance social welfare.展开更多
文摘Market Square shopping center contains several restaurants and cafés providing a diverse range of Asian foods and delicacies and this area is known by locals and Griffith University students as a great location for‘eating out'.Then,what is the market structure in this shopping mall and what kind of competitive strategies should be used to maximize profits according to the characteristics in this shopping center?
文摘Developing the electricity market at the distribution level can facilitate the energy transactions in distribution networks with a high penetration level of distributed energy resources(DERs)and microgrids(MGs).However,the lack of comprehensive information about the marginal production cost of competitors leads to uncertainties in the optimal bidding strategy of participants.The electricity demand within the network and the price in the wholesale electricity market are two other sources of the uncertainties.In this paper,a day-ahead-market-based framework for managing the energy transactions among MGs and other participants in distribution networks is introduced.A game-theory-based method is presented to model the competition and determine the optimal bidding strategy of participants in the market.Robust optimization technique is employed to capture the uncertainties in the marginal cost of competitors.Additionally,the uncertainties in demand are modeled using a scenario-based stochastic approach.The results ob-tained from case studies reveal the merit of considering competition modeling and uncertainties.
文摘With China’s entry into WTO, China’s small and medium-sized enterprises are facing unprecedented opportunities and challenges. The integration of the world economy has brought opportunities for the internationalization and industrialization of small and medium-sized enterprises. However, due to the lack of systematic marketing strategies, the development of small and medium-sized enterprises is beset with difficulties. From the perspective of marketing strategy, this paper analyzes the marketing strategy problems faced by small and medium-sized enterprises. From four aspects: marketing concept, marketing team, marketing strategy and marketing model 4P, this paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions for improving the marketing benefits of small and medium-sized enterprises.
文摘The quickly growing development and fierce competition in technical industry make Apps for The Future Inc. (AFF) has risk of losing market share and their customers' trust. Therefore, after the examine of three solutions which used by Nokia, Motorola and China Unicom based on the selected criteria, the suitable solutions that the AFF managers should follow are creating new flagship product with low price, finding development direction and keep investing. Those solutions could allow companies to keep creating, keep motivating and care their customers, and allow this company to be successful and regain customer trust.
文摘Small and medium enterprises(SMEs)play an important role in the world economy.Modern trends in the development of small and medium enterprises imply a constant increase in their role in the total income of an economy.For such an approach,it is important to achieve quality organizational and managerial concepts of planning strategy development.In many countries,small businesses dominate in the production of a number of smaller products,higher consumption,and high quality of these products.The concept of a small economy consists of a group of companies that stand out in terms of their characteristics in relation to large companies.In relation to large companies as business systems,SMEs differ based on the concept of their own organization’s business,the volume of business,and the availability of resources.Research data show that the main obstacle to efficient continuous business of SMEs in the world is the procurement and maintenance of business resources.Ensuring continuity in production is often a problem of lack of resources,which primarily characterizes them in relation to large companies.Small business and entrepreneurship are the main backbone of today’s economic development,viewed globally.The purpose of the development of small and medium enterprises in the world is to enable the development of a successful and flexible entrepreneurial climate as an important organizational determinant,which is a prerequisite for progress in the modern world economy.The feature of SME development is the innovation of employees that needs to be constantly developed.In that way,conditions are provided for technological development,formation of flexible organizations,and new employment.In practice,small and medium enterprises are the engine of economic development.It is a sector that promotes private property and entrepreneurial skills.According to experts on economic issues,SMEs are today and in the future,not only in Serbia,the Region,but also in the world,a synonym for the private sector-for entrepreneurship.Comparative analysis shows the advantage of SMEs,especially in flexible business,where they can quickly adapt to change and can fully meet market demands.
文摘COVID-19 is a devastating pandemic with widespread negative health,social,and economic consequences.Due to drastic changes in the business environment of tour and travel agencies,firms and marketing managers can now use search engine optimization to effectively position themselves.The study’s main goal is to evaluate the effect of search engine optimization on the market performance of registered tours and travel agencies in Nairobi County,Kenya.Kenya’s tourism ministry and state government work hard to improve the business climate for tour and travel companies.Despite the overall positive image,international tourist market growth rates in Kenya have been 3.5 percent slower from 2017 to 2019 compared to previous years.This was further aggregated by the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in the year 2020,when the growth rate of tours and travel agencies fell by 65%.The study’s main goal is to evaluate the effect of search engine optimization on the market performance of registered tours and travel agencies in Nairobi County,Kenya.This study adopted a positivist philosophy.Both descriptive and explanatory research designs were used.A self-administered semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 324 registered tours and travels agencies picked from and a sample of 179 were used.Data analysis included the development and interpretation of both descriptive and inferential statistics,such as frequencies,mean,percentages,and standard deviation,and was presented using tables and numerical values.The results of regression analysis established that search engine optimization had a positive and significant effect on market performance of the registered tours and travel agencies picked from a sample of 179.The study recommends that agency management ensure that the firm’s website is easily accessible in order to improve agency performance.Using the internet to gain a large market share can assist tours and travel agencies in improving the performance and income of their websites.
文摘A new round of reform of the power system conforms to the national development of the energy revolution and the reform of the electricity market system. As an important promoter of the energy revolution and power reform, a new round of power system reform has brought profound changes to the energy industry and the power industry and the electricity market system has changed dramatically. With the release of the electricity market, market competition intensified. This paper analyzes the competition strategy of electricity sales market, analyzes the characteristics of market participants such as power generation enterprises, power grid enterprises, electricity sales companies and users, and puts forward the corresponding coping strategies to help the market participants to deal with the opportunities and challenges brought by power system reform, provide guidance and reference for the market participants.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(71872028)the Digital Culture and Media Research Fund of Philosophy and Social Sciences Research Base in Sichuan Province(19CDCMO3).
文摘Efficient cooperation,which has become common under rising economic globalization,is leading to new opportunities and challenges for enterprises choosing long-term competition strategies.Sharing resources with competitors is believed to weaken a firm's competitive edge.However,a potentially competitive market may change a firm's incentive to share resources strategically with rivals.Consequently,this study investigates two possible cooperation models between leading enterprises and small and medium-sized enterprises(SMEs)to examine the impact of sharing resources on a firm's strategy.This analysis shows that cooperation strategies benefit both the leading firm and the SME under certain conditions.Furthermore,this study demonstrates that the wholesale cooperation strategy is always more detrimental to the environment than the license cooperation strategy.Interestingly,although cooperation can help SMEs develop sustainably in most cases,industries with high resource costs may experience a situation in which SMEs benefit from competition,thus resisting cooperation and harming the leading enterprise.This study highlights the role of a potentially competitive market and provides managerial insights for stakeholders.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China 51937005the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province 2019A1515010689.
文摘The existing electricity market mechanisms designed to promote the consumption of renewable energy generation complicate network participation in market transactions owing to an unfair market competition environment,where the low cost renewable energy generation is not reflected in the high bidding price of high cost conventional energy generation.This study addresses this issue by proposing a bi-level optimization based two-stage market clearing model that considers the bidding strategies of market players,and guarantees the accommodation of renewable energy generation.The first stage implements a dual-market clearing mechanism that includes a unified market for trading the power generations of both renewable energy and conventional energy units,and a subsidy market reserved exclusively for conventional generation units.A re-adjustment clearing mechanism is then proposed in the second stage to accommodate the power generation of remaining renewable energy units after first stage energy allocations.Each stage of the proposed model is further described as a bi-level market equilibrium problem and is solved using a co-evolutionary algorithm.Finally,numerical results involving an improved IEEE 39-bus system dem-onstrate that the proposed two-stage model meets the basic requirements of incentive compatibility and individual rationality.It can facilitate the rational allocation of resources,promote the economical operation of electric power grids,and enhance social welfare.