Lunar dust is one of the most threatening problems confronting the return of human beings to the moon.In this work we studied the spatial distribution behavior of charged lunar dust in the solar wind plasma environmen...Lunar dust is one of the most threatening problems confronting the return of human beings to the moon.In this work we studied the spatial distribution behavior of charged lunar dust in the solar wind plasma environment in the south polar region of the moon and considered the influence of a mini-crater using Spacecraft Plasma Interactions Software.The distribution of dust and plasma at low solar altitude angles of 20°and 0°was studied,and the spatial density of lunar dust was~10^(10.4)m^(-3)and~10^(11.5)m^(-3),respectively.This is because a higher surface potential will result in transportation of small dust particles and photoelectrons can also neutralize positively charged lunar dust.The dust density in the plasma void region created by a mini-crater with a 5 m high wall was studied.We obtained a quasi-neutral electric environment in the plasma void region of the mini-crater,and the dust density was about a magnitude lower than that in other regions.The dust risk to a spacesuit is much lower on the nightside than on the dayside,but there is severe charged lunar dust transport in the region between light and shade,which is dominated by the difference in surface and plasma potential caused by photoelectrons.展开更多
Lunar dust is considered to be one of the top challenges for enabling humans to have extended stays on the moon.Human activities such as module landings and launches,walking,rover operation and construction activities...Lunar dust is considered to be one of the top challenges for enabling humans to have extended stays on the moon.Human activities such as module landings and launches,walking,rover operation and construction activities will inevitably produce a significant amount of dust.Therefore,it is important to estimate the potential range and intensity of dust deposition caused by these activities to minimize dust accumulation over time and for maintenance planning and execution.A modular model that correlates the dust deposition distribution with initial mean dust particle velocity,its mean ejected angle and the total amount of ejected mass is developed for an elementary mechanical movement.This modular model is further employed to form a modeling framework to estimate dust deposition of a trajectory based activity of similar repeated movements such as the landing process of a lander,walking and rover operation.The model forms a unified modeling framework for different trajectory-based activities and is shown to predict consistent and physically meaningful ranges and intensities of dust deposition provided reliable data to calibrate the model parameters.展开更多
In recent years,the Lunar south pole region(SPR)has become the focus of future explorations due to its special illumination condition and the possible water ice in permanently shadowed craters around it.The Shackleton...In recent years,the Lunar south pole region(SPR)has become the focus of future explorations due to its special illumination condition and the possible water ice in permanently shadowed craters around it.The Shackleton crater locates almost exactly at the Moon’s south pole and has become the hottest destination for several landing missions,including the Chang’E-7 mission.However,people still know little about the electric potential and the dust environment around this crater.In this paper,we develop an analytical model to study the surface potential and the electrostatic dust transport around the crater.It is found that the crater’s floor can be negatively charged due to the topographic shielding,and the surface potential is as low as-175 V on the leeward crater wall.Accordingly,a large number of charged dust grains can be emitted from the leeward crater wall,with a maximum height of about 10 km and a horizontal distance of about 40 km,which brings a local dust cloud around the crater.Both the topographic shielding and the local dust cloud are qualitatively verified by a numerical simulation,in which a typical dust density of 10^(4)-10^(5)m^(-3)is found near the crater.Our results are important to the environmental assessment for future explorations near the crater.Furthermore,the results are helpful to understand the surface charging and the electrostatic dust transport on the other airless bodies.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2020YFC2201300)the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDA17010301)the Technical Basic Scientific Research Project(Grant No.JSZL2019903B001)。
文摘Lunar dust is one of the most threatening problems confronting the return of human beings to the moon.In this work we studied the spatial distribution behavior of charged lunar dust in the solar wind plasma environment in the south polar region of the moon and considered the influence of a mini-crater using Spacecraft Plasma Interactions Software.The distribution of dust and plasma at low solar altitude angles of 20°and 0°was studied,and the spatial density of lunar dust was~10^(10.4)m^(-3)and~10^(11.5)m^(-3),respectively.This is because a higher surface potential will result in transportation of small dust particles and photoelectrons can also neutralize positively charged lunar dust.The dust density in the plasma void region created by a mini-crater with a 5 m high wall was studied.We obtained a quasi-neutral electric environment in the plasma void region of the mini-crater,and the dust density was about a magnitude lower than that in other regions.The dust risk to a spacesuit is much lower on the nightside than on the dayside,but there is severe charged lunar dust transport in the region between light and shade,which is dominated by the difference in surface and plasma potential caused by photoelectrons.
文摘Lunar dust is considered to be one of the top challenges for enabling humans to have extended stays on the moon.Human activities such as module landings and launches,walking,rover operation and construction activities will inevitably produce a significant amount of dust.Therefore,it is important to estimate the potential range and intensity of dust deposition caused by these activities to minimize dust accumulation over time and for maintenance planning and execution.A modular model that correlates the dust deposition distribution with initial mean dust particle velocity,its mean ejected angle and the total amount of ejected mass is developed for an elementary mechanical movement.This modular model is further employed to form a modeling framework to estimate dust deposition of a trajectory based activity of similar repeated movements such as the landing process of a lander,walking and rover operation.The model forms a unified modeling framework for different trajectory-based activities and is shown to predict consistent and physically meaningful ranges and intensities of dust deposition provided reliable data to calibrate the model parameters.
基金supported by the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciencessupported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42174216,12075108,41903058&62371215)+2 种基金the Pre-research Project on Civil Aerospace Technologies by CNSA(Grant Nos.D050106,D020201)the Frontier Science Research Program of Deep Space Exploration Laboratory(Grant No.2022-QYKYJH-HXYF023)the Pandeng Program of National Space Science Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences。
文摘In recent years,the Lunar south pole region(SPR)has become the focus of future explorations due to its special illumination condition and the possible water ice in permanently shadowed craters around it.The Shackleton crater locates almost exactly at the Moon’s south pole and has become the hottest destination for several landing missions,including the Chang’E-7 mission.However,people still know little about the electric potential and the dust environment around this crater.In this paper,we develop an analytical model to study the surface potential and the electrostatic dust transport around the crater.It is found that the crater’s floor can be negatively charged due to the topographic shielding,and the surface potential is as low as-175 V on the leeward crater wall.Accordingly,a large number of charged dust grains can be emitted from the leeward crater wall,with a maximum height of about 10 km and a horizontal distance of about 40 km,which brings a local dust cloud around the crater.Both the topographic shielding and the local dust cloud are qualitatively verified by a numerical simulation,in which a typical dust density of 10^(4)-10^(5)m^(-3)is found near the crater.Our results are important to the environmental assessment for future explorations near the crater.Furthermore,the results are helpful to understand the surface charging and the electrostatic dust transport on the other airless bodies.
