Mechanisms of Apigenin-7-glucoside As a Hepatoprotective Agent

Ixeris chinesis (Thunb.) Ankai has been used as a Chinese folk medicine, but only scanty information is available on the physiological and biochemical functions of the compounds extracted from I. chinesis. In the present study the effects of apigenin -7-glucoside (APIG) isolated from I. chinesis against liver injury caused by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) were investigated. Methods The contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), and reduced glutathione (GSH) were evaluated by spectrophotography. The content of 8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) was measured with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) equipped with electrochemical and UV detection methods. The antioxidant activity of APIG was evaluated using chemiluminescence single photon counting technology. Results CCl4 significantly increased the enzyme activities of GPT and GOT in blood serum, as well as the level of MDA and 8-OHdG in liver tissue, and decreased the levels of GSH. Pretreatment with APIG was able not only to suppress the elevation of GPT, GOT, MDA and 8-OHdG, and inhibit the reduction of GSH in a dose-dependent manner in vivo, but also to reduce the damage of hepatocytes in vitro. On the other hand, we also found that APIG had strong antioxidant activity against reactive oxygen species (ROS) in vitro in a concentration-dependent manner. Conclusion The hepatoprotective activity of APIG is possibly due to its antioxidant properties, acting as scavengers of ROS. These results obtained in vivo and in vitro suggest that APIG has protective effects against hepatic oxidative injury induced by chemicals. Further studies on the pharmaceutical functions and immunological responses of APIG may help its clinical application.

云南沉香果壳的化学成分研究

目的研究云南沉香Aquilaria yunnanensis果壳的化学成分。方法采用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20柱色谱和半制备HPLC技术进行分离、纯化,结合理化性质和波谱数据鉴定化合物的结构。结果从云南沉香果壳的95%乙醇提取物的醋酸乙酯萃取部位中分离得到13个化合物,分别鉴定为trans-linalool-3,6-oxide-7-O-β-D-(6′-O-acetyl)-glucoside(1)、苯乙基-8-O-β-D-(6′-O-乙酰基)-葡萄糖苷(2)、芒果苷(3)、鸢尾酚酮-3,5-C-β-D-二葡萄糖苷(4)、山柰酚-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(5)、木犀草素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(6)、异鼠李素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(7)、山柰酚-3-O-β-D-(6″-对-香豆酰基)-葡萄糖苷(8)、香叶醇-1-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(9)、3-[2-甲酰基-5-(羟甲基)-1H-吡咯-1-基]戊二酸(10)、大麻酰胺D(11)、淫羊藿次苷D2(12)、松柏苷(13)。结论化合物1为新的单萜苷类化合物,命名为云南沉香苷C,化合物2为新天然产物,7、9~13为首次从沉香属植物中分离得到,所有化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。