The long-term performance and benefits of charcoal application on the carbon sequestration and properties of forest soils in temperate or non-tropical regions has not been studied in detail in spite of its important r...The long-term performance and benefits of charcoal application on the carbon sequestration and properties of forest soils in temperate or non-tropical regions has not been studied in detail in spite of its important role in global warming. This study was conducted to describe the long-term charcoal-induced changes in organic carbon (OC) content and other soil properties of temperate deciduous forests in Mazandaran province, northern Iran. Three sites were sampled to collect composite soil samples from two depths (0–20 and 20–40 cm) inside and outside of a plot of charcoal-enriched soils surrounding a historical charcoal production site (abandoned for more than 120 years). The presence of charcoal in soils for about 120 years elevated significantly the black carbon, total OC, natural soil OC, total nitrogen, dissolved organic matter, soil OC density, exchangeable bases, saturated hydraulic conductivity, available water capacity and available Fe, Mn and Zn compared to the adjacent reference soils. Cation exchange capacity (CEC) and pH were 15.5 cmolc kg^-1 and 0.5 units, respectively, higher than the adjacent reference soils at 0–20 cm soil depth. However, electrical conductivity (EC), bulk density and available Cu were higher in the adjacent reference soil. The aged charcoal had no significant effect on the microbial respiration rate of studied soils. The results of this study provide new insights and strong support for the long-term benefits of biochar application as a management strategy for improving soil productivity as well as sequestering large quantities of durable carbon in soils of the region and mitigating global warming.展开更多
In the piedmont of the North Caucasus a 3500 yr B.P. steppe was replaced by forest asclimate became moister. Steppe Chernozems were preserved under high (up to 8 m) burial mounds(kurgans) constructed about 5000 yr B.P...In the piedmont of the North Caucasus a 3500 yr B.P. steppe was replaced by forest asclimate became moister. Steppe Chernozems were preserved under high (up to 8 m) burial mounds(kurgans) constructed about 5000 yr B.P. On natural landsurfaces surrounding the kurgans,Chernozems evolved to Luvisols. On the kurgans made of loess and Chernozem soil, matureLuvisols formed during the forest stage. On the kurgans covered with artificial limestone paving,the Luvisol profile is less developed. Migration and transformation of substances occur throughoutthe whole kurgan pile. These include fissures and earthworm channels filled with clay-humusmaterial or secondary carbonates, gleyed mottles, iron oxides, and neoformed gypsum. Theseprocesses cause diagenetic transformation of buried Chernozems even at depth.展开更多
基金supported by Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources,Mazandaran province,Iran
文摘The long-term performance and benefits of charcoal application on the carbon sequestration and properties of forest soils in temperate or non-tropical regions has not been studied in detail in spite of its important role in global warming. This study was conducted to describe the long-term charcoal-induced changes in organic carbon (OC) content and other soil properties of temperate deciduous forests in Mazandaran province, northern Iran. Three sites were sampled to collect composite soil samples from two depths (0–20 and 20–40 cm) inside and outside of a plot of charcoal-enriched soils surrounding a historical charcoal production site (abandoned for more than 120 years). The presence of charcoal in soils for about 120 years elevated significantly the black carbon, total OC, natural soil OC, total nitrogen, dissolved organic matter, soil OC density, exchangeable bases, saturated hydraulic conductivity, available water capacity and available Fe, Mn and Zn compared to the adjacent reference soils. Cation exchange capacity (CEC) and pH were 15.5 cmolc kg^-1 and 0.5 units, respectively, higher than the adjacent reference soils at 0–20 cm soil depth. However, electrical conductivity (EC), bulk density and available Cu were higher in the adjacent reference soil. The aged charcoal had no significant effect on the microbial respiration rate of studied soils. The results of this study provide new insights and strong support for the long-term benefits of biochar application as a management strategy for improving soil productivity as well as sequestering large quantities of durable carbon in soils of the region and mitigating global warming.
文摘In the piedmont of the North Caucasus a 3500 yr B.P. steppe was replaced by forest asclimate became moister. Steppe Chernozems were preserved under high (up to 8 m) burial mounds(kurgans) constructed about 5000 yr B.P. On natural landsurfaces surrounding the kurgans,Chernozems evolved to Luvisols. On the kurgans made of loess and Chernozem soil, matureLuvisols formed during the forest stage. On the kurgans covered with artificial limestone paving,the Luvisol profile is less developed. Migration and transformation of substances occur throughoutthe whole kurgan pile. These include fissures and earthworm channels filled with clay-humusmaterial or secondary carbonates, gleyed mottles, iron oxides, and neoformed gypsum. Theseprocesses cause diagenetic transformation of buried Chernozems even at depth.
