Role of immune relevant factors in regenerative processes of bone tissue: a bibliometric and visualized analysis

Background:There is a deficiency of bibliometric and visually represented analysis in research on the immunological related variables involved in bone tissue regeneration.Using bibliometric and visual analysis,this study sought to thoroughly examine the hotspots and future directions in the investigation of immunological important variables in bone tissue regeneration.Methods:The Web of Science Core Collection(WoSCC)database was searched and a collection of published works on the subject of immunological related factors in bone tissue regeneration between 2000 and 2021 was generated.The data chosen from the WoSCC were then subjected to a systematic bibliometric and visualized analysis using the online bibliometric analytics system,Apache ECharts,VOSviewer,Bibliographic Items Co-occurrence Matrix Builder 2.0,and Gcluto 1.0.Results:For this investigation,1,088 publications on the involvement of immune related components in bone tissue regeneration were chosen.Between 2000 and 2021,China maintained its supremacy in global research on the function of immune related components in bone tissue regeneration.Shanghai Jiao Tong University is the most productive institution.Biomaterials has published the most publications on the involvement of immune-related components in bone tissue regeneration.Xiao Y,Schmidt-Bleek K,and Ignatius A all played important roles in the study of immune-related variables in bone tissue regeneration.Research on the role of immune relevant factors in bone tissue regeneration has identified five hotspots:(1)macrophage-based immunomodulation on osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs);(2)biomaterials for bone repair in bone tissue engineering;(3)osteoimmunomodulation mediated by inflammation and macrophages during bone healing;(4)osteoimmunomodulation in angiogenesis during bone regeneration;and(5)the effect of macrophage polarization regulated by bone tissue engineering on osteogenic differentiation of MSCs as bone tissue.Conclusion:This study represents the first-ever bibliometric and visualized examination of how immune factors contribute to bone tissue regeneration.The focus and forthcoming direction in bone regeneration research will be on macrophage-driven immunomodulation in the process of bone regeneration.

Driving role of macrophages in transition from acute kidney injury to chronic kidney disease

Acute kidney injury(AKI),characterized by acute renal dysfunction,is an increasingly common clinical problem and an important risk factor in the subsequent development of chronic kidney disease(CKD).Regardless of the initial insults,the progression of CKD after AKI involves multiple types of cells,including renal resident cells and immune cells such as macrophages.Recently,the involvements of macrophages in AKI-to-CKD transition have garnered significant attention.Furthermore,substantial progress has also been made in elucidating the pathophysiological functions of macrophages from the acute kidney to repair or fibrosis.In this review,we highlight current knowledge regarding the roles and mechanisms of macrophage activation and phenotypic polarization,and transdifferentiation in the development of AKI-to-CKD transition.In addition,the potential of macrophage-based therapy for preventing AKI-to-CKD transition is also discussed.