Investigation of mechanical properties of twin gold crystal nanowires under uniaxial load by molecular dynamics method

Twin gold crystal nanowires, whose loading direction is parallel to the twin boundary orientation, are simulated.We calculate the nanowires under tensile or compressive loads, different length nanowires, and different twin boundary nanowires respectively. The Young modulus of nanowires under compressive load is about twice that under tensile load.The compressive properties of twin gold nanowires are superior to their tensile properties. For different length nanowires,there is a critical value of length with respect to the mechanical properties. When the length of nanowire is greater than the critical value, its mechanical properties are sensitive to length. The twin boundary spacing hardly affects the mechanical properties.

Structural, electrical, and optical properties of ZnInO alloy thin films

Indium zinc oxide （IZO） thin films with different percentages of In content （In/[In＋Zn]） are synthesized on glass substrates by magnetron sputtering, and the structural, electrical and optical properties of IZO thin films deposited at different In2O3 target powers are investigated. IZO thin films grown at different In2O3 target sputtering powers show evident morphological variation and different grain sizes. As the In2O3 sputtering power rises, the grain size becomes larger and electrical mobility increases. The film grown with an In2O3 target power of 100 W displays the highest electrical mobility of 13.5 cm.V-1-s-1 and the lowest resistivity of 2.4× 10^-3 Ω.cm. The average optical transmittance of the IZO thin film in the visible region reaches 80% and the band gap broadens with the increase of In2O3 target power, which is attributed to the increase in carrier concentration and is in accordance with Burstein-Moss shift theory.

Effects of the sputtering power on the crystalline structure and optical properties of the silver oxide films deposited using direct-current reactive magnetron sputtering

This paper reports that a series of silver oxide （AgzO） films are deposited on glass substrates by direct-current reactive magnetron sputtering at a substrate temperature of 250 ℃ and an oxygen flux ratio of 15：18 by modifying the sputtering power （SP）. The AgxO films deposited apparently show a structural evolution from cubic biphased （AgO ＋ Ag20） to cubic single-phased （Ag20）, and to biphased （Ag20 ＋ AgO） structure. Notably, the cubic single-phased Ag20 fihn is deposited at the SP = 105 W and an AgO phase with （220） orientation discerned in the Ag^O films deposited using the SP 〉 105 W. The transmissivity and refiectivity of the AgxO films in transparent region decrease with the increase the SP, whereas the absorptivity inversely increases with the increase of the SP. These results may be due to the structural evolution and the increasing film thickness. A redshift of the films＇ absorption edges determined in terms of Tauc formula clearly occurs from 3.1 eV to 2.73 eV with the increase of the SP.

Density functional theory analysis of electronic structure and optical properties of La-doped Cd_2SnO_4 transparent conducting oxide

The electronic structural, effective masses of carriers, and optical properties of pure and La-doped Cd2SnO4 are calculated by using the first-principles method based on the density functional theory. Using the GGA＋U method, we show that Cd2SnO4 is a direct band-gap semiconductor with a band gap of 2.216 eV, the band gap decreases to 2.02 eV and the Fermi energy level moves to the conduction band after La doping. The density of states of Cd2SnO4 shows that the bottom of the conduction band is composed of Cd 5s, Sn 5s, and Sn 5p orbits, the top of the valence band is composed of Cd 4d and O 2p, and the La 5d orbital is hybridized with the O 2p orbital, which plays a key role at the conduction band bottom after La doping. The effective masses at the conduction band bottom of pure and La-doped Cd2SnO4 are 0.18m0 and 0.092m0, respectively, which indicates that the electrical conductivity of Cd2SnO4 after La doping is improved. The calculated optical properties show that the optical transmittance of La-doped Cd2SnO4 is 92%, the optical absorption edge is slightly blue shifted, and the optical band gap is increased to 3.263 eV. All the results indicate that the conductivity and optical transmittance of Cd2SnO4 can be improved by doping La.

低温高速永磁电机硅钢片铁心电磁性能变化机理研究

由于低温泵用高速电机工作在低温环境中,探究低温环境对构件材料性能的影响、低温条件对电机特性的作用机理以及形成统一的选材原则已经成为该类电机亟待解决的问题。采用实验法在常温(25℃)和低温(-196℃)条件下对不同系列的冷轧无取向硅钢片的电磁性能进行了研究,分析了低温环境与频率对硅钢片电磁性能的影响情况。基于实测数据并采用有限元法计算了电机定子铁耗,得到了电机采用不同系列硅钢片的定子铁耗分布以及变化情况。为了探究低温环境下采用不同系列硅钢片时电机定子铁耗变化幅度不同的原因,采用低温冲击法对硅钢片的矫顽力进行测量,验证了有限元计算所得规律的正确性。探明低温条件对硅钢片电磁性能的影响机理,提出低温高速高频电机铁心材料的选材建议,为低温工作环境下低温电机铁心材料选材提供理论借鉴与参考。

酶法提取竹虫蛋白的工艺优化及其性质

为提高竹虫利用率,以竹虫为原料,考察不同酶、pH值、提取温度、提取时间、液料比、加酶量对竹虫蛋白提取率的影响,通过响应面试验优化提取工艺,并测定竹虫蛋白的功能特性。结果表明:采用胃蛋白酶酶解,pH2.0、提取温度40℃、提取时间2.0 h、液料比12.5∶1(mL/g)、加酶量1.0%时提取工艺最佳,此时竹虫蛋白提取率为21.00%。竹虫蛋白对DPPH·、ABTS^(+)·清除率的IC_(50)分别为0.43 mg/mL和0.66 mg/mL,其起泡性、乳化性和乳化稳定性良好。

不同生态修复方式对内蒙古荒漠草原露天矿山土壤肥力的影响

为了探究不同修复方式对内蒙古露天受损矿区土壤的修复效果,分别用植生袋修复、生态包修复、植生毯修复、自然恢复和客土改良5种生态修复方式对乌海露天矿区受损土壤进行修复,测定修复后土壤的理化性质并进行主成分分析,采用内梅罗肥力指数和IFI指数评价修复后土壤的肥力.结果表明:①与原生植被相比,植生袋修复后土壤的有机质、水解氮、速效钾、速效磷含量显著增多(P<0.05),分别升高了1361.11%、742.73%、294.74%、124.36%;内梅罗肥力指数和IFI指数分别为2.00和1.16,显著高于其他修复方式(P<0.05),修复效果最好.②主成分分析结果显示,有机质、水解氮、铵态氮、速效钾以及全钾含量是研究区土壤生态修复效果的主要限制因子.

不同土壤肥力下苏北水蜜桃最佳有机肥用量研究

本研究以国家地理标志性农产品苏北新沂水蜜桃为供试材料,选取当地低肥力和中等肥力土壤果园的代表性地块,以常规施肥为对照,研究在化肥减量25%的基础上增施不同用量有机肥(30、45、60、75 t/hm^(2))对新沂水蜜桃产量、品质、经济效益、土壤理化性质及肥料利用效率等的影响,以期为新沂水蜜桃果园的有机肥施用提供技术指导。结果表明,在两种基础肥力不同的土壤上,增施有机肥较常规施肥水蜜桃均表现出增产提质的趋势。综合成本核算后,与常规施肥相比,在中等肥力土壤上,增施60 t/hm^(2)有机肥可获得最大的经济收益(增加8100元/hm^(2));而在低肥力土壤上,增施有机肥较常规施肥经济效益降低,这种相对亏损随着有机肥施用量的增加而递减。推测增施超过60 t/hm^(2)的有机肥或连续多年施有机肥有望获得更大的经济效益。无论是何种基础肥力土壤,当年增施有机肥在提高水蜜桃产量与品质、改善土壤理化性质方面均表现出潜力,推测这种改善效益可能通过连续多年施用有机肥来显著体现。这两个推测均有待于进一步验证。

基于PMC指数模型的知识产权政策评价研究

随着创新驱动发展战略深入实施,知识产权对国家治理体系现代化和高质量发展的作用日益凸显,完备科学的知识产权政策评价模型,有助于现行政策体系优化和未来政策制定。本文选取中央及省、自治区、直辖市出台的29个知识产权“十四五”规划政策,基于扎根理论和PMC指数模型,构建知识产权“十四五”规划政策评价模型,测算各政策文本的PMC指数并绘制PMC曲线图,从政策评价等级、四大地区政策、城市群政策等多个视角进行对比分析。研究表明:中国知识产权“十四五”规划政策体系整体质量良好,部分政策存在政策视野受限、政策覆盖面不足等问题,对新发展背景下知识产权发展的需求回应力度不足。基于此,提出强化政策协同性、健全政策评估体系、构建多主体参与机制等对策建议。

二硫键对自修复水性聚氨酯机械性能的影响

本文比较了二硫键和C-C键在水性聚氨酯力学性能和自修复能力方面的区别,并探讨了二硫键对于线形和交联结构聚氨酯的影响。结果表明,虽然二硫键可以显著加速聚氨酯的自修复时间和提高自修复率,但是也会对聚氨酯的强度、断裂伸长率、抗蠕变与抗松弛等力学性能造成不利影响。对于需要在工作温度下进行自修复的交联结构材料,应当慎重考虑二硫键对蠕变及应力松弛的影响。此外,线形聚合物可以通过分子链热运动实现修复而无需动态共价键的支持,而对于交联结构聚氨酯,动态共价键则能显著提高其自修复能力。

企业存在最优金融化水平吗?——基于主营业务经营风险的考察

本文以2012—2021年我国A股上市公司为研究样本,对企业是否存在最优金融化水平进行考察。研究发现,企业以追求主营业务经营风险最小化为目标时,存在最优金融化水平,且在金融生态环境较好的企业和非国有企业中,最优金融化水平相对更高。检验表明,当企业金融化不足时,金融化通过提高研发投入降低主营业务经营风险;当企业金融化过度时,金融化通过提高金融资产收入占比增大主营业务经营风险。由此可见,企业应依据经营决策目标不断调整金融投资比例,以实现最优金融化,最大限度地发挥金融服务实体经济的职能。

Mechanical Evaluation of AZ80 Magnesium Alloy in Cast Wrought Form

Wrought magnesium alloy AZ80 with a thick section of 20 mm was prepared by squeeze casting (SC) and permanent steel mold casting (PSMC). The porosity measurements of the SC and PSMC depicted that SC AZ80 had a pore content of 0.52%, which was 77% lower than 2.21% of PSMC AZ80 counterpart. The YS, UTS, ef, E and strengthening rate of cast AZ80 were determined by mechanical pulling. The engineering stress versus strain bended lines showed that SC AZ80 had a YS of 84.7 MPa, a UTS of 168.2 MPa, 5.1% in ef, and 25.1 GPa in modulus. But, the YS, UTS and ef of the PSMC AZ80 specimen were only 71.6 MPa, 109.0 MPa, 1.9% and 21.9 GPa. The findings of the mechanical pulling evidently depicted that the YS, UTS, ef and E of SC AZ80 were 18%, 54%, 174% and 15% higher than PSMC counterpart. The computed resilience and toughness suggested that the SC AZ80 exhibited greater resistance to tensile loads during elastic deformation and possessed higher capacity to absorb energy during plastic deformation compared to the PSMC AZ80. At the beginning of permanent change, the strengthening rate of SC AZ80 was 10,341 MPa, which was 9% greater than 9489 MPa of PSMC AZ80. The high mechanical characteristics of SC AZ80 should be primarily attributed to its low porosity level. .

鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界致密砂岩气田储集层特征与成因

鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界致密砂岩储集层普遍以低孔低渗为主要特征,但在低孔低渗的背景上发育相对优质储集层。应用偏光显微镜、恒速压汞等技术手段,从碎屑岩的粒度、碎屑组分、孔隙结构等分析入手,对比神木气田、榆林气田和苏里格气田3个大气田的储集层特点,并对致密砂岩中相对优质储集层的成因进行了分析。研究认为:高石英类矿物含量、适量的可溶性组分(包括长石、火山岩岩屑及凝灰质等)及残余少量粒间孔形成的酸性流体的渗流通道是形成相对优质储集层的必要条件;而较高含量的千枚岩屑、泥板岩等软组分,在上覆地层压力作用下被压实变形、充填孔隙,造成残余粒间孔全部丧失和酸性流体渗流通道的缺乏,因而形成低孔低渗的致密砂岩储集层。

甘南高寒草甸草原不同海拔土壤理化性质分析

对甘肃夏河高寒草甸不同海拔梯度的土壤理化性质分异规律进行了研究,以期探究土壤理化性质与海拔之间的关系。结果表明：除0~10 cm 土层电导率外,其余各土层土壤理化指标均与海拔呈显著相关（P 〈0.05）,其中,含水量、有机质含量均随海拔升高而升高,且随土壤深度增加而降低；pH 随海拔升高呈先降低后升高的势态；0~10 cm 表层土壤全氮含量随海拔升高显著增加（P 〈0.05）,10~30 cm 土层全氮含量随海拔的升高先缓慢下降后平缓上升。因此,对于该区域草甸生态系统的管理与利用,不但考虑植被类型及状况,也需关注不同海拔梯度的草地土壤理化特性。

花岗岩高温后的超声特性及力学性能研究

采用RSM-5N非金属超声检测分析仪和液压伺服试验系统装置,研究了不同温度等级(25～1 000℃)作用后花岗岩的超声特性以及力学性能。结果表明:(1)高温后花岗岩的纵波波速、波幅,波形以及单轴抗压强度都和温度的变化密切相关。(2)随着温度等级的增高,纵波波速100℃之前先是增加,100℃之后开始减小,高温后波形和波幅整体上由整齐变混乱,尤其在600℃变化最明显。(3)随着温度的增加,花岗岩试样逐渐由灰褐色变成灰白色,同时质量也随着温度的增加而减小,试样脆性增加,变得轻脆易碎。(4)400℃之前花岗岩单轴抗压强度随着温度的增加变化不明显。但是经历400℃之后,强度开始随温度等级的下降而下降,经历过1 000℃高温后的抗压强度降低到25℃的37%左右。

Ni离子掺杂对CoAl双氢氧化物电化学电容的影响

CoAl LDHs with different molar ratio of Ni have been prepared by chemical co -precipitation method.XRD results show that these materials have layered struc tures.Electrochemical tests show that Co(Ni)Al LDHs as electrode material hav e typical capacit ive properties in a wide voltage range of0.0to0.6V;Co(Ni)Al LDH(Ni∶Co =4∶6)as an electrode material has the highest capacitance of960F · g -1 and good cycling performance.But the poor capacitive properties of NiAl LDH electrode are showed in a narrow voltage range of0.3to0.55V.

挤出滚圆法制备中药复方当归补血微丸及其性质考察

目的:应用挤出滚圆法制备中药复方当归补血微丸,研究微丸制备的最佳工艺和处方。方法:用新型的挤出滚圆造粒机制备当归补血微丸;采用单因素考察和正交设计筛选最优处方和工艺条件;考察了微丸的粉体学性质、收率和体外溶出效果。结果:用挤出滚圆技术制备的当归补血微丸圆整度好,大小均匀,收率高,体外溶出迅速。结论:挤出滚圆法可以制备中药微丸。该工艺简便易行,制得的微丸质量好。

基液为丙醇/水的相变微胶囊悬浮液的制备、稳定性及热物性

相变微胶囊悬浮液是潜热型功能热流体中的一种,其性能稳定、储热密度高且适用温度范围广,在强化传热与储热领域有着较大的应用潜力。制备了以丙醇/水溶液为基液的相变微胶囊悬浮液,研究了丙醇/水的配比对悬浮稳定性的影响。进而测定了相变微胶囊悬浮液中粒子的微观形态、粒径分布、悬浮液粘度及流变特性、相变潜热、比热容和导热系数等热物性参数,分析了温度和质量浓度等因素对其热物性的影响。结果表明,所制备的微胶囊悬浮液在浓度高达40%时仍表现出牛顿流体的特性且粘度较低,拥有较高的储热密度且稳定性较好。导热系数则随浓度的升高而线性减小,且在相变区间内呈现随温度先升高后降低的趋势。

大豆绝缘油的制备与性能研究

以市售大豆油为原料,通过活性白土减压吸附、碱性Al2O3降酸、微孔滤膜真空抽滤和减压蒸馏深度净化等精炼工艺过程,制备出一种环保型植物绝缘油。理化与电气性能测试结果表明,其闭口闪点达230℃,水分含量低于10 mg/L,酸值(KOH)降低至0.02 mg/g,90℃介质损耗因数tanδ为0.23%,体积电阻率ρ达8.66×1010Ω.m,击穿电压大于60 kV,关键性能指标满足"变压器油(GB2536-90)"标准对500 kV超高压电气设备用油的要求。

储氢合金/AP/HTPB推进剂的热分解性能

采用TG-DTG、DSC以及动力学分析方法研究了储氢合金/AP/HTPB推进剂的热分解性能。结果表明,相对于Al/AP/HTPB推进剂,储氢合金/AP/HTPB推进剂的热分解温度降低,放热量提高;A20/AP/HTPB推进剂的凝聚相反应程度提高2.44%,第二、三温区的热分解活化能(Kissinger法)分别降低4.06%和22.63%;A30/AP/HTPB推进剂的凝聚相反应程度提高10.61%,第二、三温区的热分解活化能(Kissinger法)分别降低30.89%和38.87%。储氢合金对AP/HTPB推进剂的热分解有催化作用,并且该催化作用随着储氢合金中Mg0.45Ni0.05B0.5Hx含量的增加而增强。