With net zero carbon emissions targets approaching over the next 20 to 30 years, the water industry must act now to develop energy efficient techniques and designs to reduce emissions and reduce the carbon footprint o...With net zero carbon emissions targets approaching over the next 20 to 30 years, the water industry must act now to develop energy efficient techniques and designs to reduce emissions and reduce the carbon footprint of water utility providers. There is also the potential for significant energy and therefore financial savings to be realised from the adoption of more energy efficient designs approaches. Water utility providers account for a significant proportion of national electricity consumption. The purpose of this research is to determine if, over the long term, opting for a larger diameter pipe at design stage can lead to significant financial and emissions savings for water utility providers when considering pumping mains. Pumping mains are widely used throughout the water and wastewater industry where a gravity solution is not possible. 72 hypothetical water main design scenarios were analysed and the long term financial and environmental impact of each hypothetical water main was assessed. It was found across all design scenarios that larger diameter water mains were capable of delivering the same rate of flow of smaller diameter pipes at a much reduced velocity and requiring reduced pumping power. It was concluded that pumped mains of larger diameters can ultimately be more energy efficient and cost effective over the long term when selected in favour of smaller diameter pumped mains in otherwise identical design scenarios.展开更多
以210 t RH机械真空泵系统为例,对其主抽气管道工艺布置进行系统优化设计;引入不同位置处的气体不同物理状态,归纳出适用于容积式机械真空泵主抽气管道通径的计算公式;在基于理想气体绝热膨胀的机理研究上,提出真空抽气管道通径和长度...以210 t RH机械真空泵系统为例,对其主抽气管道工艺布置进行系统优化设计;引入不同位置处的气体不同物理状态,归纳出适用于容积式机械真空泵主抽气管道通径的计算公式;在基于理想气体绝热膨胀的机理研究上,提出真空抽气管道通径和长度的修正方法,对不同位置的管道采取不同的原则进行修正:对多级机械泵入口前的管道,采取修正管道长度的原则;对多级机械泵之间的管道,采取修正管道通径的原则。本文设计已应用于工程实践,设备稳定运行,得到用户好评。展开更多
针对超(超)临界直流锅炉在降压吹管中传统的锅炉给水控制方法易造成机组主燃料跳闸的事故,提出以启动循环泵(boiler water circulating pump,BCP)出口流量作为控制点的给水控制方法。分析降压吹管过程中水冷壁与储水箱内工质的热力学变...针对超(超)临界直流锅炉在降压吹管中传统的锅炉给水控制方法易造成机组主燃料跳闸的事故,提出以启动循环泵(boiler water circulating pump,BCP)出口流量作为控制点的给水控制方法。分析降压吹管过程中水冷壁与储水箱内工质的热力学变化及流量测量原理,认为BCP出口流量能反映锅炉水冷壁及储水箱内的水量。通过理论计算得到降压吹管过程中的最小给水流量,总结出控制炉水循环泵出口流量不低于正常流量的60%,可以实现给水的优良控制。最后,将该给水控制方法成功应用于某电厂的吹管和主燃料跳闸过程,表明该方法具备实际工程应用性。展开更多
文摘With net zero carbon emissions targets approaching over the next 20 to 30 years, the water industry must act now to develop energy efficient techniques and designs to reduce emissions and reduce the carbon footprint of water utility providers. There is also the potential for significant energy and therefore financial savings to be realised from the adoption of more energy efficient designs approaches. Water utility providers account for a significant proportion of national electricity consumption. The purpose of this research is to determine if, over the long term, opting for a larger diameter pipe at design stage can lead to significant financial and emissions savings for water utility providers when considering pumping mains. Pumping mains are widely used throughout the water and wastewater industry where a gravity solution is not possible. 72 hypothetical water main design scenarios were analysed and the long term financial and environmental impact of each hypothetical water main was assessed. It was found across all design scenarios that larger diameter water mains were capable of delivering the same rate of flow of smaller diameter pipes at a much reduced velocity and requiring reduced pumping power. It was concluded that pumped mains of larger diameters can ultimately be more energy efficient and cost effective over the long term when selected in favour of smaller diameter pumped mains in otherwise identical design scenarios.
文摘以210 t RH机械真空泵系统为例,对其主抽气管道工艺布置进行系统优化设计;引入不同位置处的气体不同物理状态,归纳出适用于容积式机械真空泵主抽气管道通径的计算公式;在基于理想气体绝热膨胀的机理研究上,提出真空抽气管道通径和长度的修正方法,对不同位置的管道采取不同的原则进行修正:对多级机械泵入口前的管道,采取修正管道长度的原则;对多级机械泵之间的管道,采取修正管道通径的原则。本文设计已应用于工程实践,设备稳定运行,得到用户好评。
文摘针对超(超)临界直流锅炉在降压吹管中传统的锅炉给水控制方法易造成机组主燃料跳闸的事故,提出以启动循环泵(boiler water circulating pump,BCP)出口流量作为控制点的给水控制方法。分析降压吹管过程中水冷壁与储水箱内工质的热力学变化及流量测量原理,认为BCP出口流量能反映锅炉水冷壁及储水箱内的水量。通过理论计算得到降压吹管过程中的最小给水流量,总结出控制炉水循环泵出口流量不低于正常流量的60%,可以实现给水的优良控制。最后,将该给水控制方法成功应用于某电厂的吹管和主燃料跳闸过程,表明该方法具备实际工程应用性。
