Numerical Prediction and Performance Experiment in a Deep-well Centrifugal Pump with Different Impeller Outlet Width

The existing research of the deep-well centrifugal pump mainly focuses on reduce the manufacturing cost and improve the pump performance, and how to combine above two aspects together is the most difficult and important topic. In this study, the performances of the deep-well centrifugal pump with four different impeller outlet widths are studied by the numerical, theoretical and experimental methods in this paper. Two stages deep-well centrifugal pump equipped with different impellers are simulated employing the commercial CFD software to solve the Navier-Stokes equations for three-dimensional incompressible steady flow. The sensitivity analyses of the grid size and turbulence model have been performed to improve numerical accuracy. The flow field distributions are acquired and compared under the design operating conditions, including the static pressure, turbulence kinetic energy and velocity. The prototype is manufactured and tested to certify the numerical predicted performance. The numerical results of pump performance are higher than the test results, but their change trends have an acceptable agreement with each other. The performance results indicted that the oversize impeller outlet width leads to poor pump performances and increasing shaft power. Changing the performance of deep-well centrifugal pump by alter impeller outlet width is practicable and convenient, which is worth popularizing in the engineering application. The proposed research enhances the theoretical basis of pump design to improve the performance and reduce the manufacturing cost of deep-well centrifugal pump.

Multi-parameter optimization design, numerical simulation and performance test of mixed-flow pump impeller

On the basis of the three-dimensional design platform of the mixed-flow pump impellers, an optimization design system was developed in this paper by improving the genetic algorithm with application of both strategies of keeping the optimal individual and employing the niche. This system took the highest efficiency of the impeller as the optimization objective and employed P, a0 , △θh and △θt , which could directly affect the shape and the position of the blade, as optimization parameters. In addition, loss model was used to obtain fast and accurate prediction of the impeller efficiency. The optimization results illustrated that this system had advantages such as high accuracy and fine convergence, thus to effectively improve the design of the mixed-flow pump impellers. Numerical simulation was applied to determine the internal flow fields of the impeller obtained by optimization design, and to analyze both the relative velocity and the pressure distributions. The test results demonstrated that the mixed flow pump had the highest efficiency of 87.2%, the wide and flat high efficiency operation zone, the relatively wide range of blade angle adjustment, fine cavitation performance and satisfied stability.

Investigation of CFD Calculation Method of a Centrifugal Pump with Unshrouded Impeller

Currently, relatively large errors are found in numerical results in some low-specific-speed centrifugal pumps with unshrouded impeller because the effect of clearances and holes are not accurately modeled. Establishing an accurate analytical model to improve performance prediction accuracy is therefore necessary. In this paper, a three-dimensional numerical simulation is conducted to predict the performance of a low-specific-speed centrifugal pump, and the modeling, numerical scheme, and turbulent selection methods are discussed. The pump performance is tested in a model pump test bench, and flow rate, head, power and efficiency of the pump are obtained. The effect of taking into consideration the back-out vane passage, clearance, and balance holes is analyzed by comparing it with experimental results, and the performance prediction methods are validated by experiments. The analysis results show that the pump performance can be accurately predicted by the improved method. Ignoring the back-out vane passage in the calculation model of unshrouded impeller is found to generate better numerical results. Further, the calculation model with the clearances and balance holes can obviously enhance the numerical accuracy. The application of disconnect interface can reduce meshing difficulty but increase the calculation error at the off-design operating point at the same time. Compared with the standard k-ε, renormalization group k-ε, and Spalart-Allmars models, the Realizable k-ε model demonstrates the fastest convergent speed and the highest precision for the unshrouded impeller flow simulation. The proposed modeling and numerical simulation methods can improve the performance prediction accuracy of the low-specific-speed centrifugal pumps, and the modeling method is especially suitable for the centrifugal pump with unshrouded impeller.

Flow Properties of Turbulent Fiber Suspensions in a Stock Pump Impeller

A numerical method for predicting fiber orientation is presented to explore the flow properties of turbulent fiber suspension flowing through a stock pump impeller. The Fokker-Planck equation is used to describe the distribution of fiber orientation. The effect of flow-fiber coupling is considered by modifying the constitutive mode.The three-dimensional orientation distribution function is formulated and the corresponding equations are solved in terms of second-order and fourth-order orientation tensors. The evolution of fiber orientation, flow velocity and pressure, additional shear stress and normal stress difference are presented. The results show that the evolutions of fiber orientation are different along different streamlines. The velocity and its gradient are large in the concave wall region, while they are very small in the convex wall region. The additional shear stress and normal stress difference are large in the inlet and concave wall regions, and moderate in the mid-region, while they are almost zero in most downstream regions. The non-equilibrium fiber orientation distribution is dominant at the inlet and the concave wall regions. The flow will consume more energy to overcome the additional shearing losses due to fibers at the inlet and the concave wall regions. The change of flow rates has effect on the distribution of additional shear stress and normal stress difference. The flow structure in the inlet and concave wall regions is essential in the resultant rheological properties of the fiber suspension through the stock pump impeller, which will directly affect the flow efficiency of the fiber suspension through the impeller.

Numerical Simulation of Flow in Centrifugal Pump with Complex Impeller

Based on the Navier-Stokes equations and the Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model,three dimensional turbulent flow fields in centrifugal pump with long-mid-short blade complex impeller are calculated and analyzed numerically.The relative velocity and pressure distributions in the flowpart are obtained.It is found that the flow in the passage of the complex impeller is unsymmetrical due to the joint action between volute and impeller.The back-flow region is at inlet of long-blade suction side,near middle part of long-blade pressure side and outlet of short-blade suction side.The flow near volute throat is affected greatly by volute.The relative velocity is large and it is easy to bring back flow at outlet of the complex impeller near volute throat.The static and total pressure rise uniformly from inlet to outlet in the impeller.At impeller outlet,the pressure periodically decreases from pressure side to suction side,and then the static pressure sharply rise near the throat.The experimental results show that the back flow in the impeller has an important influence on the performance of pump.

Research on Performance of Centrifugal Pump with Different-type Open Impeller

To investigate the influence of impeller type on the performance and inner flow of centrifugal pump, the numerical simulation and experimental research were carried out on the same centrifugal pump with straight-blade and curved-blade open impeller. Based on SIMPLEC algorithm, time-averaged N-S equation and the standard k-εturbulence model, the numerical results are obtained. The pressure distribution in the different type impellers is uniform, while the low pressure area in straight-blade inlet is larger. The vortexes in the passage of impeller exist in both cases. Relative to curved-blade impeller, there are larger vortexes in most of the flow passages except the passage near the tongue in straight-blade impeller. Also some small backflow regions are found at the blade inlet of two impellers. The characteristic curves achieved by numerical simulation basically agree with those by experiment, and straight-blade open impeller centrifugal pump has a better hydraulic performance.

Influence of specific speed on hydraulic performances and pressure fluctuations in mixed-flow pumps

A series of steady and unsteady numerical calculations of the internal flow in mixed-flow pumps with three different specific speeds were carried out based on the N-S equation coupled with the standard k-εturbulence model under different operating conditions to investigate the relationship between the impeller specific speed and the pump performance as well as pressure pulsations.Meanwhile,the pump performance and pressure pulsations inside the mixed-flow pump with three different specific speeds were also analyzed and compared with the corresponding test data.From the results,the averaged deviations between the predicted and tested head among different impellers are below 5%,and with respect to the equivalent impeller specific speeds of 280 and 260,the values are 4.30%and 3.69%,respectively.For all the impeller schemes,the best efficiency point of the mixed-flow pump is found at the flow rate of 1.2 Q_(d) and the higher head deviation occurs at lower flow rates.Especially,it can be found that the specific speed has a slight effect on the pressure fluctuation in the impellers.Eventually,it is determined that the pump performance curves calculated by numerical simu-lations have good agreement with the relevant experimental results,which verifies that the numerical methods used in the present study are accurate to a certain extent.Furthermore,the results also provide some references to the pressure pulsation analysis and the performance improvement of the mixed-flow pump design.

叶轮中心淹没深度对特低扬程下立式泵装置流道水力性能的影响

为提高特低扬程泵站立式轴流泵装置的水力性能,该研究对叶轮直径为3.0、2.5、2.0、1.5 m的立式轴流泵装置在不同叶轮中心淹没深度下的进、出水流道流场分别进行了三维湍流流动数值计算,并对流道流场和水头损失进行了分析比较;对某特低扬程泵站在叶轮中心淹没深度为3.08、2.38、1.68 m下的立式轴流泵装置水力性能分别进行了数值计算及比较,并进行了泵装置模型试验验证。研究结果表明:叶轮中心淹没深度对肘形进水流道的水流流态及水头损失的影响很小,但对虹吸式出水流道的流态和水头损失影响较大;随着叶轮中心淹没深度的增大,虹吸式出水流道内的流态逐渐改善,流道水头损失基本呈下降趋势,泵装置效率逐渐增大,特低扬程工况下泵装置模型试验最优工况点的效率达75.92%,泵装置能量性能数值模拟结果与模型试验结果基本一致。研究结果可为特低扬程泵站采用立式泵装置的设计提供一定参考依据。

航空发动机用滑油泵组碟簧压紧有限元分析

为保证滑油泵组关键部件配流盘与偏心泵体的稳定压紧及泵盖的安全性,依据GB/T 1972—2005标准,选用2只单片碟簧以精准对合方式安装于滑油泵组上.在考虑潜在温度场热变形的影响下,采用热固耦合方法,基于Workbench平台对滑油泵组在不同碟簧初始压缩量(0.6,0.7,0.8,0.9 mm)下进行有限元分析.研究结果表明:当初始压缩量小于0.7 mm时,滑油泵的主要部件受到的压紧力较小,主要受油液周向推力的影响;随着初始压缩量从0.7 mm增至0.9 mm,预压缩端的变形量呈现相应的增长趋势,同时滑油泵体挡板所承受的轴向力也随着初始压缩量的递增而呈现线性增长的规律;在此过程中,配流盘与偏心泵体所受到的轴向推力随着初始压缩量的增大而逐渐增大,确保其能够有效地被压紧且泵盖保持完好无损.研究结果不仅为滑油泵组的初始安装提供了理论依据,而且有助于指导实际工程应用中的安装操作,从而确保滑油泵组的正常运行与使用寿命.

汽车机油泵体压铸工艺数值模拟与优化

为满足汽车铝合金机油泵体压铸件高气密性和高强度的要求,解决该铸件缩松、缩孔缺陷问题,进行压铸工艺设计和优化。首先对铸件进行工艺分析,根据经验分别设计浇注排溢系统并初步选取工艺参数;再运用田口正交试验法设计了5因素4水平压铸工艺参数方案,并使用Procast进行数值模拟。将16组正交试验结果基于信噪比进行极差和方差分析,结果表明,模具温度对缩松缩孔的影响最为显著,5因素的最优工艺参数为:浇注温度650℃、模具温度240℃、慢/快压射距离200 mm/60 mm、快压射速度为3.0 m/s、慢压射速度为0.2 m/s。数值模拟结果显示,该工艺参数组合下铸件缩松、缩孔体积为1.067 cm^(3),较优化前降低了26.5%。试模结果表明,铸件外观完好,关键部位X射线探伤显示无明显缩孔;采用金相显微镜(OM)和扫描电镜(SEM)对铸件进行组织观察,发现铸件各区域组织致密;力学性能测试表明,压铸件显微硬度大于HV85,同等工艺下试棒平均拉伸强度为253.36 MPa,铸件满足使用要求。

电潜离心泵内流场及外特性的数值模拟分析

针对目前油田使用的两种不同叶导轮结构的电潜离心泵,包括传统径向流泵和聚驱用混向流泵,采用计算流体动力学(CFD)研究方法,建立电泵内流场的数值仿真,在流量80~200m^(3)/d范围内,研究泵输送不同运动黏度为1~40mm^(2)/s介质时特性差异。在介质黏度为1和40mm^(2)/s,流量为80~180m^(3)/d工况下,使用FLUENT软件选用标准k-ε湍流模型和SIMPLE算法进行求解,分析两种泵在不同工况下的内部流场变化规律,通过流场分析探究叶轮结构对泵外特性的影响机制。仿真得到泵的扬程、效率曲线,发现泵性能出现变化的工况点与叶轮内流场分析结果相对应,并根据泵叶轮的内流场分布和泵的性能曲线分析两种泵所适用的工况。结果表明,径向流泵适用于大流量和高黏度工况,混向流泵适用于较低流量和中低黏度工况,为不同工况下泵的选择及泵的优化提供理论依据。

次级叶轮进口直径变化对多级离心泵水力性能的影响

为了提高多级离心泵的水力效率,以次级叶轮的进口直径为优化对象,保持叶片型线的方格网不变,共设计了5组具有不同进口直径的水力优化方案,基于RNG k-ε湍流模型进行定常数值计算,探讨次级叶轮进口直径的变化对多级离心泵水力性能的影响。结果表明:在一定范围内减小叶轮进口直径,能够降低叶轮的扬程与轴功率,但扬程减小的幅度有限,最低扬程仅比最高扬程减小了0.64%,而轴功率的降低幅度比较明显,最小轴功率比最大轴功率降低了1.90%,最终可使叶轮的水力效率提高1.29%,多级离心泵次级叶轮的进口直径存在最佳值,能使泵的水力效率相对较高。

电动燃油泵驱动电机浸油冷却性能数值模拟

为了研究电动燃油泵驱动电机浸油冷却性能,基于冷却流体及电机各部件3维模型,充分考虑各部件发热功率以及材料属性等物理量的影响,采用有限体积法对电机流-热耦合场进行模拟仿真,分析不同边界条件对电机流场和温度场的影响。结果表明:在最大冷却燃油流量以及电机最高功率下,流道的压力损失和电机的最高温度均能满足电动燃油泵的运行要求;随着冷却流量增加或燃油粘度的增大,流道的压力损失增大,且在最大冷却流量下,燃油粘度每增大1 mm^(2)/s,压力损失增大约2 kPa;电机功率和入口温度对电机各部件温度的影响较大,各部件温升与燃油进口温度近似呈线性关系,而环境温度对电机温度场影响较小。研究结果为电动燃油泵电机浸油冷却流道的设计与优化提供了理论依据。

复合叶轮出口角及分流叶片偏置对高速燃油泵性能的影响研究

为研究叶轮出口角以及分流叶片布置方式对高速超低比转速燃油泵扬程和效率的影响规律,选取复合叶轮的4个因素,叶片出口角β_(2)、叶片数z、分流叶片周向偏置度θ和偏转角α,基于正交试验设计法设计16组不同参数及结构的复合叶轮,对正交试验结果进行极差分析后得出各因素对扬程和效率的影响规律以及主次顺序,并最终得到高速燃油泵复合叶轮的最佳设计方案。其次,基于CFD数值模拟对常规无分流叶片设计方案与最佳设计方案进行外特性及流场分析,结果表明:最佳方案的扬程和效率在整个模拟工况内均有所提升,其中在实际工况Q为0.5 m~3/h下扬程较常规方案提高了10.4%,效率提高了4.8%。除此之外,最佳方案实际工况下的内流场压力分布与速度分布更加均匀,有效削弱了叶轮流道内的大尺度旋涡以及间隙泄漏对主流的干扰作用。

火电厂脱硫循环泵叶轮的冲蚀磨损数值分析

火电厂脱硫循环泵叶轮易受腐蚀性浆液冲击腐蚀而失效,为进一步研究现实工况下叶轮发生冲击腐蚀的影响因素及规律,采用CFD数值模拟的方法,基于稠密离散相(DDPM)模型对循环泵叶轮在不同固相颗粒粒径和不同固相颗粒体积分数工况下进行数值模拟。结果表明:当粒径d<0.20 mm时叶片工作面冲蚀量增长速率最快,达到了38%,随着粒径增加,工作面上的冲蚀位置向后盖板处偏移,且叶片进口边出现冲蚀量极值。在不同颗粒体积分数工况下,随着颗粒体积分数增加,工作面上冲蚀位置会向出口处偏移。当颗粒体积分数在30%以上会加剧叶片工作面的冲蚀量。叶片进口边、叶片背面冲蚀量增长速率较为稳定,基本保持在20%上下。可见小粒径颗粒对叶片工作面冲蚀量影响较大,大粒径颗粒更容易加速叶片进口边的冲蚀。高颗粒体积分数对工作面的冲蚀更为明显。

高速离心泵叶轮试验模态分析及优化

【目的】研究不同前、后盖板曲率半径对高速离心泵叶轮固有频率的影响,为叶轮的合理设计提供科学依据。【方法】采用数值模拟方法,首先得到叶轮前6阶固有频率,其次对3种不同前、后盖板曲率半径的叶轮进行模态分析,得到叶轮前6阶模态频率。【结果】叶轮前6阶固有频率随叶轮前盖板曲率半径增加而增加,半径从10 mm增大到14 mm时,第4阶固有频率变化最大,固有频率增加10%;增大叶轮后盖板曲率半径对叶轮固有频率影响很小,半径从20 mm增大到30 mm时,固有频率降低0.18%。【结论】适当的增加叶轮前盖板曲率半径有利于提高离心泵叶轮的模态频率,提高其动态特性。

高孔高渗高含水稠油油藏剩余油分布特征及动用的主控因素

针对CFD11-1油田943砂体大量剩余油无法动用的问题,结合动态数据和生产数据,将注入流体、地层倾角、渗透率韵律和级差4种因素进行数值模拟,对油藏剩余油分布类型以及影响海上高孔高渗油藏剩余油动用的主控因素进行分析。结果表明:1)高孔高渗高含水稠油油藏的剩余油分布类型可分为油藏边缘井网未控制、井间未控制、相对低渗绕流和构造高部位4种;2)注入流体是影响不同类型剩余油动用的首要因素,说明注入流体优选和有效波及仍是未来提高海上油藏采收率的主要方向之一。注入流体与不同剩余油类型的结合应兼具经济性和环保性,例如构造高部位的气驱与活性水相比仅降低1.59个百分点;3)相比于气驱,活性水驱扩大平面波及效率,有效减弱指进效应,边部剩余油井组采出程度提高了12.88个百分点;4)剩余油动用敏感性因素分析显示,注入流体和地层倾角是影响采出程度的主控因素,受油藏高孔高渗影响,渗透率韵律和级差已经不是限制流体流动的主要因素,其对采出程度的影响不超过1%。该研究成果对海上高孔高渗稠油油藏的高效开发有一定的指导作用。

基于正交试验的高压应急提水泵优化设计

为了提高高压应急提水泵的水力性能,分析叶轮几何参数对泵效率的影响顺序,对BB4型多级离心泵首级叶轮和次级叶轮分别进行正交试验设计.首级叶轮需考虑抗汽蚀性能,故选取叶片前盖板流线进口安放角、中间流线进口安放角、后盖板流线进出口安放角、叶轮进口直径、叶轮外径和叶片包角等7个几何参数作为设计因素.次级叶轮选取叶轮前盖板流线进出口安放角、中间流线进出口安放角、后盖板流线进出口安放角和叶片包角等7个因素,每个因素取3个水平,共设计18组方案.采用STAR-CCM+软件对单级叶轮进行数值模拟,分析了叶轮内流场变化,并通过极差分析得到各几何参数对叶轮效率的影响显著.将优化后首级叶轮和次级叶轮替换成三级泵模型初始叶轮,通过数值模拟得到优化后多级泵外特性参数.结果表明:在一定范围内适当增大包角和叶片进口安放角、减小叶轮外径能提升叶轮效率,改善叶轮抗汽蚀性能;在叶轮基本尺寸不变时,适当减小叶轮进口安放角,增大包角能提高叶轮效率;分析对比优化前后外特性参数,验证了正交试验设计方法结合数值模拟能对高压应急提水泵进行优化设计.

海水循环泵叶轮多参数组合变型设计研究

在某核电站海水循环泵实际运行中,其选型扬程高于实际需要扬程的上限值,针对这一问题,以原模型额定工况点扬程的80%为变型目标,提出了一种基于多参数组合变型的叶轮改造设计方法。首先,在原有模型的基础上,选择叶轮外径、叶片出口安放角、叶片包角和叶轮出口宽度为研究因素,通过基于计算流体力学(CFD)数值模拟的正交试验设计,进行了变型参数分析;然后,总结了各参数与海水循环泵性能之间的关系,进行了变型方案设计,并比较了单因素变型设计与多因素耦合变型设计之间的区别,得到了主要参数的组合变型方案;最后,通过适配其他变型参数,得到了最优变型组合方案,分析了降低扬程和提升效率的流场特点,得到了多参数组合变型对海水循环泵叶轮性能的影响规律。研究结果表明:在额定工况点,变型后的海水循环泵扬程降低了18.57%,效率提升了0.63%,相比仅改变叶轮外径和仅改变叶片出口安放角降低扬程,循环泵的效率分别提高了7.52%和3.27%。

时序效应对多级侧流道泵压力脉动的影响

为了厘清多级叶轮与侧流道之间的干涉作用以及泵级间的流动形式,从而提高侧流道泵的水力性能和运行可靠性,选取一台带有前置离心叶轮并串联两级径向叶轮的多级侧流道泵作为研究对象,利用ANSYS CFX软件对其进行数值模拟计算.通过傅里叶变换和小波分解方法,研究不同时序位置对叶轮内部和出口处压力脉动的影响,发现侧流道泵最佳时序位置角度与叶轮级数成反比,而与叶片夹角成正比.经过时序位置的优化调整,可以降低侧流道泵的振动并提高出口压力的稳定性,从而提高侧流道泵的整体性能.研究结果可为多级侧流道泵的设计提供有效的参考意见.