The hydrological processes of mountainous watersheds in inland river basins are complicated.It is absolutely significant to quantify mountainous runoff for social,economic and ecological purposes.This paper takes the ...The hydrological processes of mountainous watersheds in inland river basins are complicated.It is absolutely significant to quantify mountainous runoff for social,economic and ecological purposes.This paper takes the mountainous watershed of the Heihe Mainstream River as a study area to simulate the hydrological processes of mountainous watersheds in inland river basins by using the soil and water assessment tool(SWAT)model.SWAT simulation results show that both the Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency and the determination coefficient values of the calibration period(January 1995 to December 2002)and validation period(January 2002 to December 2009)are higher than 0.90,and the percent bias is controlled within±5%,indicating that the simulation results are satisfactory.According to the SWAT performance,we discussed the yearly and monthly variation trends of the mountainous runoff and the runoff components.The results show that from 1996 to 2009,an indistinctive rising trend was observed for the yearly mountainous runoff,which is mainly recharged by lateral flow,and followed by shallow groundwater runoff and surface runoff.The monthly variation demonstrates that the mountainous runoff decreases slightly from May to July,contrary to other months.The mountainous runoff is mainly recharged by shallow groundwater runoff in January,February,and from October to December,by surface runoff in March and April,and by lateral flow from May to September.展开更多
With development of foreign language education in China, more and more people pay attention to the research of the mainstream EFL teaching styles, which combines the seemingly contradictory points of both traditional ...With development of foreign language education in China, more and more people pay attention to the research of the mainstream EFL teaching styles, which combines the seemingly contradictory points of both traditional and current linguistic theories and use them well in foreign language teaching. With special features, the mainstream EFL teaching style has its advantage and weakness and it needs much improvement in teaching process.展开更多
Hot working steels have been used as die materials for hot extrusion of aluminium. Due to tribological interaction at elevated temperature between the die bearing and the surface of extruded aluminium profiles, not on...Hot working steels have been used as die materials for hot extrusion of aluminium. Due to tribological interaction at elevated temperature between the die bearing and the surface of extruded aluminium profiles, not only the surface quality of the extruded product, but also the lifetime of the dies decreases. Deposition of TiBN hard films on the die bearing could improve the die performance. Treatment should be done in a duplex process process combining a plasma nitriding pretreatment (PN) and a plasma assisted chemical vapour deposition (PACVD) of TiBN. In this study the influence of the process conditions on the properties of the duplex coatings was investigated. The relationship between structure and mechanical property was researched. For testing these TIBN hard films under elevated temperature conditions and for comparison with other possible coatings special extrusion dies with different coated bearings were used. The extrusion trials were performed on the 8MN-extrusion press at the research a nd development center for extrusion, Technical University of Berlin.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41240002,91125025,91225302,Y211121001)the National Science and Technology Support Projects(2011BAC07B05)
文摘The hydrological processes of mountainous watersheds in inland river basins are complicated.It is absolutely significant to quantify mountainous runoff for social,economic and ecological purposes.This paper takes the mountainous watershed of the Heihe Mainstream River as a study area to simulate the hydrological processes of mountainous watersheds in inland river basins by using the soil and water assessment tool(SWAT)model.SWAT simulation results show that both the Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency and the determination coefficient values of the calibration period(January 1995 to December 2002)and validation period(January 2002 to December 2009)are higher than 0.90,and the percent bias is controlled within±5%,indicating that the simulation results are satisfactory.According to the SWAT performance,we discussed the yearly and monthly variation trends of the mountainous runoff and the runoff components.The results show that from 1996 to 2009,an indistinctive rising trend was observed for the yearly mountainous runoff,which is mainly recharged by lateral flow,and followed by shallow groundwater runoff and surface runoff.The monthly variation demonstrates that the mountainous runoff decreases slightly from May to July,contrary to other months.The mountainous runoff is mainly recharged by shallow groundwater runoff in January,February,and from October to December,by surface runoff in March and April,and by lateral flow from May to September.
文摘With development of foreign language education in China, more and more people pay attention to the research of the mainstream EFL teaching styles, which combines the seemingly contradictory points of both traditional and current linguistic theories and use them well in foreign language teaching. With special features, the mainstream EFL teaching style has its advantage and weakness and it needs much improvement in teaching process.
文摘Hot working steels have been used as die materials for hot extrusion of aluminium. Due to tribological interaction at elevated temperature between the die bearing and the surface of extruded aluminium profiles, not only the surface quality of the extruded product, but also the lifetime of the dies decreases. Deposition of TiBN hard films on the die bearing could improve the die performance. Treatment should be done in a duplex process process combining a plasma nitriding pretreatment (PN) and a plasma assisted chemical vapour deposition (PACVD) of TiBN. In this study the influence of the process conditions on the properties of the duplex coatings was investigated. The relationship between structure and mechanical property was researched. For testing these TIBN hard films under elevated temperature conditions and for comparison with other possible coatings special extrusion dies with different coated bearings were used. The extrusion trials were performed on the 8MN-extrusion press at the research a nd development center for extrusion, Technical University of Berlin.
