A Maintenance Model Based on Phase Type Distribution for Equipment under Two Types of Failures

A maintenance model is put forward for equipment, which is subjected to internal and external failures. In the model, two maintenance pollcies--perfect minimal repair and replacement are considered. The operational time has a phase type distribution （PH distribution）. Failures＇ arrival follows a Markovian Arrival Process （MAP）. Some failures require the replacement of the system, and others minimal repairs. The performance measures-the mean number of minimal repairs and replacements are analyzed and calculated.

Maintenance Models about A Plant of Three States

In accordance with the concept of the potential failure of plant, it can be divided into three states: normal, potential failure and functional failure. The intervals of the plant from new to when the potential failure and from potential failure to functional failure are regarded, in this paper, as a random variables. Numerical examples indicate both the nature and sensitivity of the output from the models.

A generic framework for qualifications of digital twins in maintenance

Digital twins have emerged as a promising technology for maintenance applications,enabling organizations to simulate and monitor physical assets to improve their performance.In Operation and Maintenance(O&M),digital twin facilitates the diagnosis and prognosis of critical assets,forming the basis for smart maintenance planning and reducing downtime.However,there is a lack of standardized approaches for the qualifications of digital twins in maintenance,leading to low trustworthiness and limiting its application.This paper proposes a novel framework for the qualifications of digital twins in maintenance based on five pillars,namely fidelity,smartness,timeliness,integration,and standard compliance.We demonstrate the effectiveness of the framework through two case studies,showing how it can be implemented on digital twins for preventive maintenance and condition-based maintenance.Our proposed framework can help organizations across different industrial domains develop and implement digital twins in maintenance more effectively and efficiently,leading to significant benefits in terms of cost reduction,performance improvement,and sustainability.

Hierarchical Colored Timed Petri Nets for Maintenance Process Modeling of Civil Aircraft

Civil aircraft maintenance process simulation model is an effective method for analyzing the maintainability of a civil aircraft. First, we present the Hierarchical Colored Timed Petri Nets for maintenance process modeling of civil aircraft. Then, we expound a general method of civil aircraft maintenance activities, determine the maintenance level for decomposition, and propose the methods of describing logic of relations between the maintenance activities based on Petri Net. Finally, a time Colored Petri multi-level network modeling and simulation procedures and steps are given with the maintenance example of the landing gear burst tire of a certain type of aircraft. The feasibility of the method is proved by the example.

Analytical and computational modelling for wave energy systems：the example of oscillating wave surge converters

The development of new wave energy converters has shed light on a number of unanswered questions in fluid mechanics, but has also identified a number of new issues of importance for their future deployment. The main concerns relevant to the practical use of wave energy converters are sustainability, survivability, and maintainability. Of course,it is also necessary to maximize the capture per unit area of the structure as well as to minimize the cost. In this review, we consider some of the questions related to the topics of sustainability, survivability, and maintenance access, with respect to sea conditions, for generic wave energy converters with an emphasis on the oscillating wave surge converter. New analytical models that have been developed are a topic of particular discussion. It is also shown how existing numerical models have been pushed to their limits to provide answers to open questions relating to the operation and characteristics of wave energy converters.

Application of a Novel Method for Machine Performance Degradation Assessment Based on Gaussian Mixture Model and Logistic Regression

The currently prevalent machine performance degradation assessment techniques involve estimating a machine＇s current condition based upon the recognition of indications of failure features,which entail complete data collected in different conditions.However,failure data are always hard to acquire,thus making those techniques hard to be applied.In this paper,a novel method which does not need failure history data is introduced.Wavelet packet decomposition（WPD） is used to extract features from raw signals,principal component analysis（PCA） is utilized to reduce feature dimensions,and Gaussian mixture model（GMM） is then applied to approximate the feature space distributions.Single-channel confidence value（SCV） is calculated by the overlap between GMM of the monitoring condition and that of the normal condition,which can indicate the performance of single-channel.Furthermore,multi-channel confidence value（MCV）,which can be deemed as the overall performance index of multi-channel,is calculated via logistic regression（LR） and that the task of decision-level sensor fusion is also completed.Both SCV and MCV can serve as the basis on which proactive maintenance measures can be taken,thus preventing machine breakdown.The method has been adopted to assess the performance of the turbine of a centrifugal compressor in a factory of Petro-China,and the result shows that it can effectively complete this task.The proposed method has engineering significance for machine performance degradation assessment.

主成分分析在发动机状态监控与故障诊断中的应用

讨论了主成分分析在发动机状态监控与故障诊断中的应用，即利用主成分分析对近似线性相关的多个向量进行降维的问题。特别讨论了一般文献中很少注意的两个特殊问题，即测量数据的等方差化问题和中心化限制问题。以ＪＴ９Ｄ发动机故障、故障系数向量以及ＪＴ９Ｄ和ＰＷ４０５６发动机维修指标的降维问题为例说明主成分分析的应用。研究结果表明，利用主成分分析可以将ＪＴ９Ｄ发动机的２６个故障因子综合成９个、或者将５个单元体的１０个故障因子缩减到５个综合变量，并且改善了故障方程的病态特性，因而可以有效地提高故障诊断的可靠性。文中还对用于降维处理的主成分分析方法与线性回归分析（最小二乘法）进行了比较，表明主成分分析方法是解决所提出的降维问题的更为有效的手段。