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Genome-wide association mapping and genomic prediction of stalk rot in two mid-altitude tropical maize populations
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作者 Junqiao Song Angela Pacheco +7 位作者 Amos Alakonya Andrea S.Cruz-Morales Carlos Muoz-Zavala Jingtao Qu Chunping Wang Xuecai Zhang Felix San Vicente Thanda Dhliwayo 《The Crop Journal》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第2期558-568,共11页
Maize stalk rot reduces grain yield and quality.Information about the genetics of resistance to maize stalk rot could help breeders design effective breeding strategies for the trait.Genomic prediction may be a more e... Maize stalk rot reduces grain yield and quality.Information about the genetics of resistance to maize stalk rot could help breeders design effective breeding strategies for the trait.Genomic prediction may be a more effective breeding strategy for stalk-rot resistance than marker-assisted selection.We performed a genome-wide association study(GWAS)and genomic prediction of resistance in testcross hybrids of 677 inbred lines from the Tuxpe?o and non-Tuxpe?o heterotic pools grown in three environments and genotyped with 200,681 single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs).Eighteen SNPs associated with stalk rot shared genomic regions with gene families previously associated with plant biotic and abiotic responses.More favorable SNP haplotypes traced to tropical than to temperate progenitors of the inbred lines.Incorporating genotype-by-environment(G×E)interaction increased genomic prediction accuracy. 展开更多
关键词 maize stalk rot Genome-wide association mapping Haplotype analysis Genomic prediction G×E interaction
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Screening of antagonistic Trichoderma strains and their application for controlling stalk rot in maize 被引量:11
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作者 LU Zhi-xiang TU Guang-ping +5 位作者 ZHANG Ting LI Ya-qian WANG Xin-hua Zhang Quan-guo SONG Wei CHEN Jie 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2020年第1期145-152,共8页
Maize is one of the major crops in China, but maize stalk rot occurs nationwide and has become one of the major challenges in maize production in China. In order to find an environment-friendly and feasible technology... Maize is one of the major crops in China, but maize stalk rot occurs nationwide and has become one of the major challenges in maize production in China. In order to find an environment-friendly and feasible technology to control this disease, a Trichoderma-based biocontrol agent was selected. Forty-eight strains with various inhibition activities to Fusarium graminearum, and Fusarium verticillioides were tested. A group of Trichoderma strains(DLY31, SG3403, DLY1303 and GDFS1009) were found to provide an inhibition rate to pathogen growth in vitro of over 70%. These strains also prevented pathogen infection over 65% and promoted the maize seedling growth for the main root in vivo by over 50%. Due to its advantage in antifungal activity against pathogens and promotion activity to maize, Trichoderma asperellum GDSF1009 was selected as the most promising strain of the biocontrol agent in the Trichoderma spectrum. Pot experiments showed that the Trichoderma agent at 2–3 g/pot could achieve the best control of seedling stalk rot and promotion of maize seedling growth. In the field experiments, 8–10 g/hole was able to achieve over 65% control to stalk rot, and yield increased by 2–11%. In the case of natural morbidity, the control efficiency ranged from 27.23 to 48.84%, and the rate of yield increase reached 11.70%, with a dosage of Trichoderma granules at 75 kg ha^-1. Based on these results, we concluded that the Trichoderma agent is a promising biocontrol approach to stalk rot in maize. 展开更多
关键词 stalk rot in maize BIOCONTROL TRICHODERMA FUSARIUM GRANULES
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Effect of Potassium on Ultrastructure of Maize Stalk Pith and Young Root and Their Relation to Stalk Rot Resistance 被引量:6
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作者 LI Wen-juan HE Ping JIN Ji-yun 《Agricultural Sciences in China》 CAS CSCD 2010年第10期1467-1474,共8页
To study the mechanism of potassium (K) application on improvement of maize resistance to stalk rot at cellular level, scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope were used to observe the effe... To study the mechanism of potassium (K) application on improvement of maize resistance to stalk rot at cellular level, scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope were used to observe the effect of K on the ultrastructure of maize stalk pith tissue and young root tip cell influenced by K and pathogen. In K deficient treatment, parenchyma cells of stalk pith had abnormal structure, and the cell wall between upper and lower adjacent cell was damaged, resulting in the loss of connections between vascular cells and insufficient supporting capacity. However, an improved K nutrition helped to keep a quite tight arrangement of root cell with thick cell wall, and prevent the invasion of pathogen effectively. Moreover, K treated root cell had abundant golgi apparatus, which could excrete large amount of secretions to degrade mycelium. Papillary and highly electronic intensity dot were accumulated at the invading point to prevent the deveJopment of the mycelium. Improved K nutrition could increase the resistant ability of maize plant to stalk rot, through keeping cell structure stability, preventing the expansion of intracellular space to reduce the chances of pathogen invasions, and through reinforcing cell wall and formation of intercellular and intracellular material to restrict further development of pathogen in host cell. 展开更多
关键词 potassium (K) maize stalk rot ULTRASTRUCTURE disease resistance
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Genome-wide association study and genomic prediction of Fusarium ear rot resistance in tropical maize germplasm 被引量:6
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作者 Yubo Liu Guanghui Hu +10 位作者 Ao Zhang Alexander Loladze Yingxiong Hu Hui Wang Jingtao Qu Xuecai Zhang Michael Olsen Felix San Vicente Jose Crossa Feng Lin Boddupalli M.Prasanna 《The Crop Journal》 SCIE CSCD 2021年第2期325-341,共17页
Fusarium ear rot(FER)is a destructive maize fungal disease worldwide.In this study,three tropical maize populations consisting of 874 inbred lines were used to perform genomewide association study(GWAS)and genomic pre... Fusarium ear rot(FER)is a destructive maize fungal disease worldwide.In this study,three tropical maize populations consisting of 874 inbred lines were used to perform genomewide association study(GWAS)and genomic prediction(GP)analyses of FER resistance.Broad phenotypic variation and high heritability for FER were observed,although it was highly influenced by large genotype-by-environment interactions.In the 874 inbred lines,GWAS with general linear model(GLM)identified 3034 single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)significantly associated with FER resistance at the P-value threshold of 1×10^(-5),the average phenotypic variation explained(PVE)by these associations was 3%with a range from 2.33%to 6.92%,and 49 of these associations had PVE values greater than 5%.The GWAS analysis with mixed linear model(MLM)identified 19 significantly associated SNPs at the P-value threshold of 1×10^(-4),the average PVE of these associations was 1.60%with a range from 1.39%to 2.04%.Within each of the three populations,the number of significantly associated SNPs identified by GLM and MLM ranged from 25 to 41,and from 5 to 22,respectively.Overlapping SNP associations across populations were rare.A few stable genomic regions conferring FER resistance were identified,which located in bins 3.04/05,7.02/04,9.00/01,9.04,9.06/07,and 10.03/04.The genomic regions in bins 9.00/01 and 9.04 are new.GP produced moderate accuracies with genome-wide markers,and relatively high accuracies with SNP associations detected from GWAS.Moderate prediction accuracies were observed when the training and validation sets were closely related.These results implied that FER resistance in maize is controlled by minor QTL with small effects,and highly influenced by the genetic background of the populations studied.Genomic selection(GS)by incorporating SNP associations detected from GWAS is a promising tool for improving FER resistance in maize. 展开更多
关键词 maize Fusarium ear rot Genome-wide association study Genomic prediction Genomic selection
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The antioxidant protein ZmPrx5 contributes resistance to maize stalk rot 被引量:1
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作者 Shunxi Wang Wencheng Liu +8 位作者 Zan Chen Jinghua Zhang Xingmeng Jia Mingyue Gou Xueyan Chen Yuqian Zhang Hehuan Li Yanhui Chen Liuji Wu 《The Crop Journal》 SCIE CSCD 2022年第4期1049-1058,共10页
Maize(Zea mays L.)stalk rot is a devastating disease worldwide,causing severe yield losses.Although previous studies have focused on the genetic dissection of maize resistance to stalk rot,the mechanisms of resistance... Maize(Zea mays L.)stalk rot is a devastating disease worldwide,causing severe yield losses.Although previous studies have focused on the genetic dissection of maize resistance to stalk rot,the mechanisms of resistance remain largely unknown.We used a comparative proteomics approach to identify candidate proteins associated with stalk rot resistance.Statistical analyses revealed 763 proteins differentially accumulated between Fusarium graminearum and mock-inoculated plants.Among them,the antioxidant protein ZmPrx5,which was up-accumulated in diseased plants,was selected for further study.ZmPrx5 transcripts were present in root,stalk,leaf,ear,and reproductive tissues.The expression of ZmPrx5 in three inbred lines increased significantly upon F.graminearum infection.ZmPrx5 was localized in the cytoplasm.Compared to control plants,maize plants overexpressing ZmPrx5 showed increased resistance to F.graminearum infection,and ZmPrx5 mutant plants were more susceptible than wild-type plants.Defense-associated pathways including plant–pathogen interactions,phenylalanine metabolism,and benzoxazinoid and flavonoid biosynthesis were suppressed in ZmPrx5 homozygous mutant plants compared with wild-type plants.We suggest that ZmPrx5 positively regulates resistance against stalk rot in maize,likely through defense-oriented transcriptome reprogramming.These results lay a foundation for further research on the roles of Prx5 subfamily proteins in resistance to plant fungal diseases,and provide a potential genetic resource for breeding disease-resistance maize lines. 展开更多
关键词 maize stalk rot Zmprx5 TRANSGENIC MUTANT Disease resistance
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Stalk Rot Resistance Analysis and Yield Loss Evaluation on 25 Maize Varieties and Utilization of Resistant Germplasm Jun M9
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作者 Ruiqian LU Hailei JIN +3 位作者 Shoulin ZHANG Jinkui ZHANG Changjian LI Zhifang ZHANG 《Agricultural Biotechnology》 CAS 2018年第6期41-45,共5页
Stalk rot outbroke in Henan Province in 2014 on maize,and the disease conditions of 25 varieties were investigated.According to national maize variety disease resistance identification standards,Jundan 509 was a resis... Stalk rot outbroke in Henan Province in 2014 on maize,and the disease conditions of 25 varieties were investigated.According to national maize variety disease resistance identification standards,Jundan 509 was a resistant variety; Yudan 606,Jinsai 38 and Jundan 3136 were moderately-resistant varieties; and other 21 varieties were all highly susceptible.Based on the yield loss rate of 5% determined as the critical value for division of disease tolerance,disease-tolerant varieties included Jundan 509,Yudan 606,Jinsai 38,Jundan 3136,Huaiyu 5288,Qiaoyu 8,XY046,Zhengyu 10,lile 66,weike 702 and Jundan 29.Varietal disease resistance and tolerance were mainly divided according to incidence and yield loss rate,respectively,and the correlation between them was showed by a Venn diagram.With the male parent Jun M9 of Jundan 509 as a backbone material,multiple maize combinations resistant to stalk rot were formed,and Yongyou 618 among them was approved by Henan Provincial Crop Variety Approval Committee. 展开更多
关键词 maize VARIETY STALK rot Loss rate of yield DISEASE resistance DISEASE tolerance
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Pyramiding the disease resistant genes to southern rust and stalk rot in maize(Zea mays L.) with marker-assisted selection
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作者 LI Wei-hua1,WU Suo-wei1,ZHAO Feng1,YE Chun-jiang1,ZHOU Chun-jiang1,YANG Dian-er1,JIN De-min1,CHEN Shao-jiang2,WANG Shou-cai2,WANG Bin1(1.Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101 2. China Agricultural University,Beijing 100094) 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2007年第S1期216-,共1页
Southern corn rust(SCR) caused by Puccinia polysora Underw and maize stalk rot caused by Pythium inflatum Matthews(MSR-2) are two destructive diseases of maize(Zea mays L.) in China.Our previous studies indicated that... Southern corn rust(SCR) caused by Puccinia polysora Underw and maize stalk rot caused by Pythium inflatum Matthews(MSR-2) are two destructive diseases of maize(Zea mays L.) in China.Our previous studies indicated that maize inbred line Qi319 is highly resistant to SCR but susceptible to MSR-2,while inbred line 1145 is highly resistant to MSR-2 but susceptible to SCR.The SCR resistant gene(RppQ) in Qi319 and MSR-2 resistant gene(Rpi1) in 1145 have been mapped on chromosome 10 and 4 respectively.In this research,through marker-assisted selection(MAS) with the molecular markers,bnlg1937 tightly linked to Rpi1 and phi041 tightly linked to RppQ,pyramid breeding of the two kinds of disease resistant genes were carried out from the year of 2003 to 2007.Two homozygotic inbred lines of F5 generation,DR94-1-1-1 and DR36-1-1-1 were identified.MAS result suggested DR94-1-1-1 and DR36-1-1-1 contained the two resistance genes RppQ and Rpi1.Field inoculation tests confirmed their high resistance to the two diseases.In addition,field investigation indicated that the two selected inbred lines,particularly DR94-1-1-1,had excellent agronomic traits such as plant height,ear height and yield-relating traits including ear length,ear diameter,ear weight,kernels per ear,kernels per row and kernel weight per ear.The two selected inbred lines DR94-1-1-1 and DR36-1-1-1 can either be directly developed into commercial variety or used as immediate donors of SCR and MSR resistance breeding programs in maize. 展开更多
关键词 MSR with marker-assisted selection SCR DR Zea mays L Pyramiding the disease resistant genes to southern rust and stalk rot in maize
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Soil application of Trichoderma asperellum GDFS1009 granules promotes growth and resistance to Fusarium graminearum in maize 被引量:6
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作者 HE An-le LIU Jia +3 位作者 WANG Xin-hua ZHANG Quan-guo SONG Wei CHEN Jie 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2019年第3期599-606,共8页
Of diseases affecting maize(Zea mays), Fusarium graminearum is one of the most common pathogenic fungi that cause stalk rot. In the present study, the Trichoderma asperellum GDFS1009 strain was shown to be an effectiv... Of diseases affecting maize(Zea mays), Fusarium graminearum is one of the most common pathogenic fungi that cause stalk rot. In the present study, the Trichoderma asperellum GDFS1009 strain was shown to be an effective biocontrol agent against stalk rot. In a confrontation culture test, Trichoderma strain displayed an approximately 60% inhibition rate on the mycelial growth of F. graminearum. In pot trials, the application of 2 g/pot of T. asperellum GDFS1009 granules had the best control effect on stalk rot at the seedling stage(up to 53.7%), while the average plant height and fresh weight were also significantly improved. Additionally when fertilizer was added at 8 g/pot, the application of 3 g/pot of Trichoderma granules had the best control effect on maize stalk rot(40.95%). In field trials, when inoculating F. graminearum alone, the disease index for inoculating was 62.45, but only 31.43 after treatment with T. asperellum GDFS1009 granules, suggesting a control efficiency of 49.67%. Furthermore, in a naturally F. graminearum-infected field, Trichoderma granules, when applied for 3 consecutive years, showed significant control of stalk rot and increased yields. 展开更多
关键词 TRICHODERMA asperellum maize FUSARIUM GRAMINEARUM STALK rot BIOCONTROL agent
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Pathogenicity of Klebsiella pneumonia(KpC4)infecting maize and mice 被引量:5
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作者 HUANG Min LIN Li +7 位作者 WU Yi-xin Honhing Ho HE Peng-fei LI Guo-zhi HE Peng-bo XIONG Guo-ru YUAN Yuan HE Yue-qiu 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2016年第7期1510-1520,共11页
Recently, a new bacterial top rot disease of maize has frequently appeared in many areas of Yunnan Province, China. The pathogen of the disease was identified as Klebsiella pneumoniae (KpC4), which is well known to ... Recently, a new bacterial top rot disease of maize has frequently appeared in many areas of Yunnan Province, China. The pathogen of the disease was identified as Klebsiella pneumoniae (KpC4), which is well known to cause pulmonary and urinary diseases in humans and animals and occasionally exists as a harmless endophyte in plants. To evaluate the viru- lence of the maize pathogen to maize and mice, we inoculated maize and mice with routine inoculation and intraperitoneal injection respectively according to Koch's postulates. The results showed that KpC4 and the clinical strain K. pneumoniae 138 (Kp138) were all highly pathogenic to maize and mice and the strain re-isolated from diseased mice also caused typical top rot symptoms on maize by artificial inoculation. It is highlighting that a seemingly dedicated human/animal pathogen could cause plant disease. This is the first report of K. pneumoniae, an opportunistic pathogen of human/animal, could infect maize and mice. The findings serve as an alert to plant, medical and veterinarian scientists regarding a potentially dangerous bacterial pathogen infecting both plants and animals/humans. The maize plants in the field could serve as a reservoir for K. pneumoniae which might infect animals and probably humans when conditions are favorable. The new findings not only are significant in the developing control strategy for the new disease in Yunnan, but also serve as a starting point for further studies on the mechanism of pathogenesis and epidemiology of K. pneumoniae. 展开更多
关键词 Klebsiella pneumoniae maize top rot disease isolation and identification pathogenicity tests white mouse
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Anatomical Study on Maize Filaments Infected by Fusarium proliferatum
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作者 Jiao Zhujin Huang Siliang 《Plant Diseases and Pests》 CAS 2016年第5期25-27,共3页
Conidia of Fusarium proliferatum infected epidermal cells of stigma, hairs and filaments on maize when sprayed on maize filament. Hyphae of F. proliferatum extended along with the parenehyma and vascular cells in the ... Conidia of Fusarium proliferatum infected epidermal cells of stigma, hairs and filaments on maize when sprayed on maize filament. Hyphae of F. proliferatum extended along with the parenehyma and vascular cells in the filaments, and infected toward ovary. Both the parenchyma cells and the epidermal cells were wrinkled, and the filament was deformed. The result showed that F. proliferatum could infect filaments directly and cause maize ear rot through filament channel. 展开更多
关键词 maize Fusarium proliferatum Filament infection maize ear rot
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木霉微生物菌肥的制备及对玉米茎腐病的应用评价
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作者 郭宁 孙华 +5 位作者 马红霞 石洁 张海剑 刘树森 董跃广 温佳宇 《安徽农业科学》 CAS 2024年第9期121-124,186,共5页
以前期分离鉴定的生防菌株非洲哈茨木霉Tr35为研究对象,通过载体的筛选,制备木霉菌剂和木霉微生物菌肥。通过测定不同含量的木霉菌剂和木霉有机肥的株高、根长和鲜重,筛选促生效果明显的处理,并通过室内盆栽试验,评价其对玉米苗期茎腐... 以前期分离鉴定的生防菌株非洲哈茨木霉Tr35为研究对象,通过载体的筛选,制备木霉菌剂和木霉微生物菌肥。通过测定不同含量的木霉菌剂和木霉有机肥的株高、根长和鲜重,筛选促生效果明显的处理,并通过室内盆栽试验,评价其对玉米苗期茎腐病的防效。结果显示,玉米秸秆粉具有吸水性强、对Tr35无毒和高释放率的优点,与Tr35共同发酵制备木霉菌剂,当土与菌剂为5∶1时,促生效果明显,并对玉米苗期茎腐病防效达51.77%。菌剂土与腐熟羊粪为7∶1时的木霉有机肥促生效果最好,以该比例制备木霉微生物菌肥,对玉米苗期茎腐病防效达61.31%,该研究结果为Tr35菌剂和菌肥的应用开发提供了一定的前期基础。 展开更多
关键词 玉米 非洲哈茨木霉 木霉菌剂 木霉微生物菌肥 玉米茎腐病
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玉米镰孢茎腐病致病机制及其防治的研究进展
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作者 令利军 范阳楷 +2 位作者 李瑶 蒋宜娟 孔繁锦 《山西农业大学学报(自然科学版)》 CAS 北大核心 2024年第5期3-10,共8页
玉米作为主要的农作物,它的生产对保障粮食安全具有重要意义,而茎腐病多年来都是严重威胁世界玉米安全生产的主要病害。本文将针对玉米镰孢茎腐病侵染机制和致病机制进行总结,进一步阐述玉米致病后的抗性遗传机制和免疫机制,同时,结合... 玉米作为主要的农作物,它的生产对保障粮食安全具有重要意义,而茎腐病多年来都是严重威胁世界玉米安全生产的主要病害。本文将针对玉米镰孢茎腐病侵染机制和致病机制进行总结,进一步阐述玉米致病后的抗性遗传机制和免疫机制,同时,结合近年来国内外的相关研究进展概述玉米镰孢茎腐病的科学防治措施,旨在为玉米镰孢茎腐病的有关研究提供参考思路。 展开更多
关键词 玉米 茎腐病 发病机理 防治
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蚜虫危害与玉米果穗镰孢菌组成及毒素污染关系分析
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作者 柴海燕 潘艺元 +7 位作者 白雪 孟玲敏 张伟 吴宏斌 王义生 高月波 贾娇 苏前富 《中国农业科学》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第16期3171-3181,共11页
【目的】明确玉米蚜虫危害与玉米穗腐病发生及籽粒中真菌毒素污染水平的关系,为建立完善的玉米穗腐病综合防治体系及探寻主要镰孢菌毒素的有效控制技术提供参考。【方法】通过组织分离和分子生物学方法对2021年在吉林省46个市(县)采集的... 【目的】明确玉米蚜虫危害与玉米穗腐病发生及籽粒中真菌毒素污染水平的关系,为建立完善的玉米穗腐病综合防治体系及探寻主要镰孢菌毒素的有效控制技术提供参考。【方法】通过组织分离和分子生物学方法对2021年在吉林省46个市(县)采集的105份蚜虫危害的玉米果穗上的蚜虫、苞叶和籽粒进行病原菌的分离鉴定,统计蚜虫、苞叶和籽粒分离获得镰孢菌的种类和数量,分别计算不同镰孢菌在每种样品上的分离频率,以及不同样品组合分离相同镰孢菌数量在蚜虫危害样品中的占比,分析病原菌在吉林省不同区域的分布情况及蚜虫、苞叶和籽粒携带镰孢菌种类的相关性;利用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(UPLC-MS/MS)检测无蚜虫危害籽粒和蚜虫危害籽粒中镰孢菌毒素的种类和含量,统计伏马毒素(fumonisin,FB)、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(deoxynivalenol,DON)和玉米赤霉烯酮(zearalenone,ZEA)超标样品的检出率,分析蚜虫危害对病原菌在籽粒中分泌毒素的影响。【结果】对105个蚜虫危害果穗进行镰孢菌检测,发现蚜虫带菌率为57.14%,苞叶和籽粒带菌率分别为81.90%和82.86%。经过单孢分离纯化共获得1 394株镰孢菌,共16个致病镰孢种,其中在蚜虫、苞叶和籽粒上分离到镰孢种数量分别为8、13和12个。蚜虫、苞叶和籽粒上分离到的优势镰孢均为拟轮枝镰孢(Fusarium verticillioides)和层出镰孢(F.proliferatum)。新知镰孢(F.andiyazi)、变红镰孢(F.incarnatum)和温带镰孢(F.temperatum)在吉林省玉米籽粒上首次检出。蚜虫危害玉米果穗的毒素检出率均高于无蚜虫危害玉米果穗,出现毒素含量超标的玉米样品均为有蚜虫聚集危害的果穗。在检出毒素的果穗上绝大多数能检测到产生相应毒素的菌株。【结论】蚜虫、苞叶和籽粒上分离到的优势镰孢菌均为拟轮枝镰孢和层出镰孢;同一果穗上蚜虫、苞叶和籽粒分离到的主要镰孢菌种类一致;蚜虫危害显著增加了玉米籽粒毒素的积累,且毒素类型与检出镰孢菌种类高度相关。 展开更多
关键词 玉米穗腐病 镰孢菌 玉米蚜虫 真菌毒素
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不同鲜食玉米品种鞘腐病抗病性及生防菌剂防病效果研究
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作者 阮妙鸿 郑秀琴 +4 位作者 甘林 黄伟群 代玉立 兰成忠 杨秀娟 《中国生物防治学报》 CSCD 北大核心 2024年第3期652-660,共9页
为明确不同鲜食玉米品种对鞘腐病抗性、鞘腐病在玉米不同生态位叶鞘的分布特征及生防菌剂对病害的防治效果,测定了15个福建省主推玉米品种对鞘腐病的田间抗性,选用6个不同抗性水平的玉米品种为研究对象,于乳熟期调查了不同玉米品种各叶... 为明确不同鲜食玉米品种对鞘腐病抗性、鞘腐病在玉米不同生态位叶鞘的分布特征及生防菌剂对病害的防治效果,测定了15个福建省主推玉米品种对鞘腐病的田间抗性,选用6个不同抗性水平的玉米品种为研究对象,于乳熟期调查了不同玉米品种各叶鞘的病情及9种生防菌剂处理对“上品”关键叶鞘病害的控制效果。结果表明,参试玉米对鞘腐病表现中抗、中感和感病的品种分别有5个、7个和3个。在屏南自然发病试验地和福州人工辅助接种试验地,6个玉米品种“上品(感病)”、“京科糯2000(感病)”、“天贵糯932(感病)”、“农科368(中感)”、“泰鲜甜2号(中抗)”、“闽甜986(中抗)”穗上第1叶鞘至穗下第3叶鞘平均病情指数分别为35.05、44.75、45.54和39.78,而其他叶鞘平均病情指数介于6.67~28.77之间。在屏南试验地有4个玉米品种(上品和天贵糯932除外)和福州试验地有6个玉米品种病情严重度在各生态位叶鞘上均呈显著正态性分布(P>0.05)。施用生防菌剂能明显抑制感病品种“上品”鞘腐病病情,稀释20、50倍的8×10^(9) CFU/mL枯草芽胞杆菌T122F发酵液和5×10^(9) CFU/mL解淀粉芽胞杆菌NJ-1发酵液对病害的防效分别为46.37%、44.78%和44.03%、41.06%,稀释500倍的400亿芽胞/g枯草芽胞杆菌水溶性粉剂、1000亿芽胞/g解淀粉芽胞杆菌水溶性粉剂和30亿芽胞/g甲基营养型芽胞杆菌可湿性粉剂的防病效果分别达44.25%、36.81%和46.26%,比150μg/mL的25%吡唑醚菌酯乳油防效(59.50%)和12.5%氟环唑悬浮剂的防效(54.82%)略低。表明利用生防菌剂预防玉米鞘腐病具有较好的应用前景,本研究结果为鲜食玉米病害绿色防控提供科学依据。 展开更多
关键词 鲜食玉米 鞘腐病 抗性测定 生态位 生防菌剂 生物防治
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甘肃玉米鞘腐病病原菌种群多样性及优势种遗传多样性分析
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作者 王林英 张小杰 +5 位作者 洪流 常卫格 高建昊 周天旺 王春明 郭成 《核农学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第12期2320-2328,共9页
为明确甘肃省玉米鞘腐病致病菌种类及优势病原菌的遗传多样性,2022—2023年在甘肃省陇东、陇南等不同地区采集60份玉米鞘腐病病样进行组织分离,通过形态学观察、分子生物学鉴定及致病性测定相结合的方法,对其病原进行鉴定。结果表明,共... 为明确甘肃省玉米鞘腐病致病菌种类及优势病原菌的遗传多样性,2022—2023年在甘肃省陇东、陇南等不同地区采集60份玉米鞘腐病病样进行组织分离,通过形态学观察、分子生物学鉴定及致病性测定相结合的方法,对其病原进行鉴定。结果表明,共获得166株镰孢菌菌株,分别为拟轮枝镰孢(Fusarium verticillioides)(73.5%)、层出镰孢(Fusarium proliferatum)(13.3%)、胶孢镰孢(Fusarium subglutinans)(5.4%)、温孢镰孢(Fusarium temperatum)(3.6%)、木贼镰孢(Fusarium equiseti)(1.8%)、布氏镰孢(Fusarium boothii)(1.2%)和燕麦镰孢(Fusarium avenaceum)(1.2%),其中拟轮枝镰孢(F.verticillioides)为优势病原菌。采用简单序列重复区间(ISSR)分子标记技术对72株拟轮枝镰孢进行遗传多样性分析,结果显示25条引物共扩增出193条清晰条带,其中192条为多态性条带,比例为99.48%,4个生态区Shannon’s信息指数和Nei’s遗传多样性指数平均为0.4612和0.3087,遗传相似度、遗传距离集中在0.9258~0.9510、0.0503~0.0771,证明拟轮枝镰孢存在较高的遗传多样性。陇东地区菌株遗传多样性最为丰富,且和陇南地区的遗传相似度最高,为0.9501,遗传距离最小,为0.0503,陇中地区次之。在遗传相似系数为0.67时,供试菌株可划分为9个类群,同一地理来源的菌株分布在不同的ISSR类群中,说明玉米鞘腐病优势病原菌拟轮枝镰孢ISSR类群的划分与地理来源没有明显的相关性。本研究结果可为甘肃省玉米鞘腐病的科学防治提供理论依据。 展开更多
关键词 甘肃 玉米鞘腐病 镰孢菌 遗传多样性
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玉米种质资源抗两种镰孢穗腐病的大规模鉴定
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作者 韩宇琛 韦翊君 +5 位作者 张震 王天宇 番兴明 苏爱国 吴建宇 陈甲法 《植物遗传资源学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第10期1613-1623,I0001-I0003,共14页
玉米穗腐病是一种主要由拟轮枝镰孢和禾谷镰孢引起的真菌性病害,严重威胁国家粮食安全。随着气候和耕作制度的变化,穗腐病已成为玉米生产上发生最普遍、危害最重的病害之一,大规模的抗病种质资源鉴定有利于解决因优良抗病种质资源缺乏... 玉米穗腐病是一种主要由拟轮枝镰孢和禾谷镰孢引起的真菌性病害,严重威胁国家粮食安全。随着气候和耕作制度的变化,穗腐病已成为玉米生产上发生最普遍、危害最重的病害之一,大规模的抗病种质资源鉴定有利于解决因优良抗病种质资源缺乏而导致的抗病品种培育困难的问题。本研究在建立了玉米穗腐病高通量抗性鉴定平台的基础上,采用滚动式抗源鉴定策略,在初级鉴定阶段采用单环境、单重复的策略对大量种质进行初步筛选,随后对初级鉴定中的高抗种质进行多重复、多环境、多年份的次级鉴定,逐步淘汰感病种质。2018-2020年间对10524份玉米种质资源进行了抗镰孢穗腐病的初级鉴定,共筛选到191份高抗种质,进一步对高抗种质进行滚动式次级鉴定,最终筛选出18XDHNAM11-20、H5084、M C303等59份具有稳定抗性的种质,其中24份种质在5年的鉴定中均表现为抗病。从59份抗病种质的杂种优势类群看,抗病种质可分为5个类群:温热互导群、国内Reid群、NSS群、SS群及黄改群,基本涵盖国内最主要的杂种优势类群,其中来自温热互导群的抗病材料有24份,占抗病材料总数的41%。本研究抗病种质资源的发掘为玉米抗穗腐病育种提供了重要资源。 展开更多
关键词 玉米 穗腐病 抗性鉴定 遗传多样性
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木霉菌对玉米茎腐病的田间防治效果及玉米产量的影响
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作者 许蓉 姚佳欢 +5 位作者 邱新月 沈晓强 张作刚 畅引东 苏朝棉 姚艳平 《山西农业科学》 2024年第4期133-141,共9页
玉米是我国主要的粮食作物之一。近年来,玉米茎腐病的危害面积和危害程度逐年增长,造成玉米产量降低和品质下降,严重影响了玉米产业的可持续发展。为筛选出防控玉米镰孢茎腐病的优势生防菌株,为玉米茎腐病的绿色防控提供备选材料,以前... 玉米是我国主要的粮食作物之一。近年来,玉米茎腐病的危害面积和危害程度逐年增长,造成玉米产量降低和品质下降,严重影响了玉米产业的可持续发展。为筛选出防控玉米镰孢茎腐病的优势生防菌株,为玉米茎腐病的绿色防控提供备选材料,以前期室内筛选到的6株木霉菌株为研究对象,将玉米种子分别通过木霉发酵液包衣处理和孢子悬浮液浸种处理后,采用田间随机区组试验测定不同木霉菌株对玉米茎腐病的田间防治效果,并分析其对玉米产量的影响。结果表明,木霉菌株种类、处理方式和病原菌种类不同,对玉米茎腐病的防治效果和玉米产量的影响也不同;其中绿色木霉T43和康氏木霉KS包衣处理对禾谷镰孢茎腐病的防治效果分别达到54.21%、32.71%;绿色木霉T43浸种处理后,接种拟轮枝镰孢菌的前提下,玉米产量为6 760.24 kg/hm^(2),促生率达48.63%;康氏木霉KS浸种处理后,接种禾谷镰孢菌的前提下,玉米产量为6 353.74 kg/hm^(2),促生率达61.26%。从供试的菌株中,筛选出绿色木霉T43和康氏木霉KS作为优势生防菌株,绿色木霉T43的包衣处理对禾谷镰孢茎腐病表现出较好的防治效果,绿色木霉T43和康氏木霉KS浸种处理对玉米产量具有较好的增产效果。 展开更多
关键词 玉米茎腐病 禾谷镰孢菌 拟轮枝镰孢菌 木霉菌 田间防治效果
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联合全基因组关联和转录组分析筛选玉米拟轮枝镰孢穗腐病的抗性候选基因 被引量:1
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作者 叶靓 朱叶琳 +5 位作者 裴琳婧 张思颖 左雪倩 李正真 刘芳 谭静 《作物学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第9期2279-2296,共18页
玉米是我国第一大粮食作物,实现玉米的高产稳产对于我国粮食安全、农业稳定有重要意义。穗腐病是一种严重危害全球玉米的真菌性病害,会造成玉米大幅减产和品质劣变。本研究选用我国玉米穗腐病的优势致病菌拟轮枝镰孢(Fusariumverticilli... 玉米是我国第一大粮食作物,实现玉米的高产稳产对于我国粮食安全、农业稳定有重要意义。穗腐病是一种严重危害全球玉米的真菌性病害,会造成玉米大幅减产和品质劣变。本研究选用我国玉米穗腐病的优势致病菌拟轮枝镰孢(Fusariumverticillioides),对241份来源广泛的玉米自交系进行2年田间人工接种抗性鉴定,同时利用20,586个高质量SNP标记通过全基因组关联分析(genome-wideassociationstudy,GWAS),鉴定拟轮枝镰孢穗腐病抗性显著关联的SNP位点;在此基础上选取对拟轮枝镰孢穗腐病表现高抗和高感的玉米自交系各1份,其籽粒在室内接种拟轮枝镰孢,通过对3个不同侵染时间的籽粒进行转录组测序(RNA-seq),分析抗感材料差异表达基因(differentiallyexpressedgenes,DEGs)及其富集情况;结合GWAS和RNA-seq结果,共同定位筛选抗病候选基因。主要研究结果如下:(1)综合2年田间抗性鉴定结果,筛选到4份抗拟轮枝镰孢穗腐病的玉米自交系,其中含有热带血缘的玉米种质对拟轮枝镰孢穗腐病表现出更好的抗性。(2)2年GWAS分析共检测到26个与拟轮枝镰孢穗腐病抗性显著关联的SNP位点,其中有18个位点位于前人定位到的QTL范围内。(3) RNA-seq结果表明,抗感材料对病原菌的响应基因不同。与感病材料相比,抗病材料均显示出更多的DEGs,且都有更多的上调基因;在抗感材料特异性DEGs共同富集的GO条目和KEGG通路中,抗病材料中富集到的DEGs占比显著多于感病材料;一些与植物防御病原菌相关的条目和通路也仅在抗病材料中被特异富集。(4)在GWAS检测到的显著关联位点上下游100 kb范围内筛选与转录组DEGs共同定位到的候选基因,结果 16个基因被GWAS和RNA-seq同时检测到;根据这些基因的蛋白功能及相关文献报道,从中预测到6个与拟轮枝镰孢穗腐病抗性相关的候选基因。综上所述,本研究筛选出4份抗拟轮枝镰孢穗腐病的玉米自交系,来自热带、亚热带的玉米种质可以作为抗逆性品种选育的研究重点;对抗感玉米自交系响应拟轮枝镰孢侵染的DEGs及其相关抗病机制进行了初步解析,联合GWAS和RNA-seq共定位到6个与拟轮枝镰孢穗腐病抗性相关的候选基因,研究结果为玉米穗腐病抗性基因的克隆验证与抗性品种的培育提供了一定的理论依据。 展开更多
关键词 玉米穗腐病 拟轮枝镰孢 关联分析 转录组分析 抗性种质 候选基因
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玉米镰孢菌复合病原茎腐病抗性种质资源鉴定及抗性基因挖掘
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作者 桂翠林 马亮 +6 位作者 王银莹 谢富贵 赵彩宏 王文淼 李鑫 王青 高夕全 《中国农业科学》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第13期2509-2524,I0005-I0020,共32页
【目的】玉米茎腐病是我国玉米主产区普遍发生的重要病害之一,自然条件下,玉米茎腐病多由多种病原菌共同侵染造成。筛选抗禾谷镰孢菌(Fusarium graminearum)和拟轮枝镰孢菌(Fusarium verticillioides)复合侵染的优异玉米种质,鉴定与复... 【目的】玉米茎腐病是我国玉米主产区普遍发生的重要病害之一,自然条件下,玉米茎腐病多由多种病原菌共同侵染造成。筛选抗禾谷镰孢菌(Fusarium graminearum)和拟轮枝镰孢菌(Fusarium verticillioides)复合侵染的优异玉米种质,鉴定与复合病原引起的茎腐病抗性相关数量性状核苷酸(quantitative trait nucleotide,QTN),挖掘抗性候选基因,为玉米抗复合病原抗性分子育种提供基因资源和理论借鉴。【方法】以一个玉米自然群体为试验材料,接种F.graminearum和F.verticillioides复合病原菌,鉴定茎腐病表型;利用全基因组关联分析,筛选显著抗性SNP位点,预测抗病候选基因。【结果】通过田间和室内2个环境下接种复合病原后的茎腐病表型鉴定试验,发现不同来源和亚群的自交系对复合病原侵染的表型差异显著。田间表型鉴定结果表明,收集于中国的自交系普遍抗性较高,而美国的自交系普遍感病性较高;热带及亚热带亚群的自交系抗性较高,混合型亚群的自交系感病性较高。室内表型鉴定结果表明,收集于美国的自交系材料抗性较高,国际玉米小麦改良中心的自交系材料感病性高;硬秆亚群的玉米种质表现较高抗性,混合型亚群的种质表现较高感病性。于田间和室内2个环境下分别筛选出29份和16份对复合病原侵染具有较高抗性水平的种质,2个环境共同筛选到6份抗病种质。基于田间表型GWAS分析,鉴定到18个与复合病原茎腐病抗性显著相关的QTN,挖掘出93个抗病候选基因;有4个基因表现出单倍型变异,且接种后基因表达水平在抗病材料中呈上调趋势。【结论】利用遗传背景丰富的玉米自然群体,在2个环境中共同鉴定出6份玉米镰孢菌复合病原茎腐病抗性材料,可作为潜在的玉米抗茎腐病育种种质资源;挖掘出4个可能参与复合病原菌抗性的候选基因,为玉米镰孢菌复合病原茎腐病抗性育种提供基因资源。 展开更多
关键词 玉米茎腐病 禾谷镰孢菌 拟轮枝镰孢菌 复合侵染 全基因组关联分析 抗性基因
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玉米穗腐病的抗性鉴定与抗性基因定位研究进展
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作者 侯萌 王巍 +1 位作者 赵韦 陈钰 《黑龙江农业科学》 2024年第7期97-107,共11页
玉米是我国第一大粮食作物,其生长过程中易受多种病害影响,其中穗腐病是常见病害之一,会造成玉米产量损失和品质下降。该病害致病菌种类繁多、致病机理复杂。从经济、安全、有效的角度,抗病育种无疑是最佳选择。因此,围绕玉米种质资源... 玉米是我国第一大粮食作物,其生长过程中易受多种病害影响,其中穗腐病是常见病害之一,会造成玉米产量损失和品质下降。该病害致病菌种类繁多、致病机理复杂。从经济、安全、有效的角度,抗病育种无疑是最佳选择。因此,围绕玉米种质资源对穗腐病的鉴定评价和抗病位点发掘进行总结,对加快抗病育种具有一定的促进作用。本文从玉米穗腐病的危害和防治、国内外穗腐病优势致病菌、我国各区域优势致病菌、国内外已鉴定的抗穗腐病资源,以及通过连锁分析和全基因组关联分析方法定位出的抗病位点进行了综述,并对玉米穗腐病的抗性育种进行展望,为今后开展玉米穗腐病相关研究提供参考。 展开更多
关键词 玉米 穗腐病 抗性鉴定 抗性定位
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