The general combining ability（GCA）, special combining ability（SCA） and genetic parameter of ten characters of 22 maize inbred lines including plant height and ear height were analyzed using 10×12 through inco...The general combining ability（GCA）, special combining ability（SCA） and genetic parameter of ten characters of 22 maize inbred lines including plant height and ear height were analyzed using 10×12 through incomplete diallel cross（NC Ⅱ）.The results showed that：（1） Among the 22 maize inbred lines, the yield GCAs of11 HN 097, 11 HN 099, 11 HN 105 and 11 HN 110 were high, which were elite inbred lines to collocate hybridized combinations with strong heterosis. The yield of11 HN110 × 11 HN097, 11 HN110 × 11 HN105, 11 HN112 × 11 HN 097 and 11 HN 106 × 11 HN 104 were in the first four place. The yielding abilities, adaptabilities and yielding stabilities of the four combinations can be further identified by experiment. The heredities of the ten characters were mainly controlled by additive gene effect whereas the influence of non-addictive gene effect was small. The narrow heritabilities of plant height, ear height, ear rows, ear length, kernels per row,100-grain weight and seed-producing percentage were more than 50%. The variances were mainly caused by heredity and early-generation selection should be conducted. The narrow heritabilities of ear diameter, bare tip length and yield was low, which should not be selected in early-generation.展开更多
The combining ability and correlation of eight ear characteristics in 99 maize hybrids generated by crossing nine female parents with 11 male parents were analyzed by incomplete diallel cross （NC II ） design. The re...The combining ability and correlation of eight ear characteristics in 99 maize hybrids generated by crossing nine female parents with 11 male parents were analyzed by incomplete diallel cross （NC II ） design. The results showed that the line F6 had the highest general combining ability （GCA） for yield, followed by F7, M3, M4 and M8. All of the five lines have great potential in maize breeding. The cross combination M3xF10 had the highest specific combining ability （SCA） for yield, showing strong heterosis. Heritability analysis of ear characteristics showed that GCA variance was higher than SCA variance in ear diameter, number of rows per ear and seed rate, and they were mainly controlled by the additive gene effect, indicating that that the selections for these traits are effective at early generations. The other three traits had lower SCA, for which the selections should be carried out at late generations. The correlation analysis revealed that ear length, number of grains per row, ear diameter, number of rows per ear, 100-seed weight and seed rate had extremely significant positive correlations with grain yield per plant. Among them, number of grains per row had the most significant effect on yield per plant. Barren tip length had a significant negative correlation with grain yield per plant. Therefore, we concluded that the combinations with more grains per row and shorter barren tip should be selected to achieve high yield of maize.展开更多
Chlorophyl fluorescence transient from initial to maximum fluorescence （“P”step） throughout two intermedi-ate steps （“J”and“I”） （JIP-test） is considered a reliable early quantitative indicator of stress in...Chlorophyl fluorescence transient from initial to maximum fluorescence （“P”step） throughout two intermedi-ate steps （“J”and“I”） （JIP-test） is considered a reliable early quantitative indicator of stress in plants. The JIP-test is particularly useful for crop plants when applied in variable field environments. The aim of the present study was to conduct a quantitative trait loci （QTL） analysis for nine JIP-test parameters in maize during flowering in four field environ-ments differing in weather conditions. QTL analysis and identification of putative candidate genes might help to explain the genetic relationship between photosynthesis and different field scenarios in maize plants. The JIP-test param-eters were analyzed in the intermated B73 ？ Mo17 （IBM） maize population of 205 recombinant inbred lines. A set of 2,178 molecular markers across the whole maize genome was used for QTL analysis revealing 10 significant QTLs for seven JIP-test parameters, of which five were co-localized when combined＆amp;nbsp;over the four environments indicating polygenic inheritance and pleiotropy. Our results demonstrate that QTL analysis of chlorophyl fluorescence parameters was capable of detecting one pleiotropic locus on chromosome 7, coinciding with the gene gst23 that may be associated with efficient photosynthe-sis under different field scenarios.展开更多
基金Supported by"Study on New Method and Technology of Maize Breeding"of the 12th Five-Year Plan in Chongqing(cstc 2012 gg C 80003)"Study on Maize DH Breeding Technology and New Variety Breeding"of the 12th Five-Year Plan of National Science and Technology Plan Project in Rural Areas(2012 AA 101203-2)+2 种基金"Basic Work of Special Agricultural Science and Technology"(cstc 2013 yykfc 80002)"National Maize Industry Technology System"(CARS-02-74)Fundamental Research Project"Genetic differences DH maize lines~~
文摘The general combining ability（GCA）, special combining ability（SCA） and genetic parameter of ten characters of 22 maize inbred lines including plant height and ear height were analyzed using 10×12 through incomplete diallel cross（NC Ⅱ）.The results showed that：（1） Among the 22 maize inbred lines, the yield GCAs of11 HN 097, 11 HN 099, 11 HN 105 and 11 HN 110 were high, which were elite inbred lines to collocate hybridized combinations with strong heterosis. The yield of11 HN110 × 11 HN097, 11 HN110 × 11 HN105, 11 HN112 × 11 HN 097 and 11 HN 106 × 11 HN 104 were in the first four place. The yielding abilities, adaptabilities and yielding stabilities of the four combinations can be further identified by experiment. The heredities of the ten characters were mainly controlled by additive gene effect whereas the influence of non-addictive gene effect was small. The narrow heritabilities of plant height, ear height, ear rows, ear length, kernels per row,100-grain weight and seed-producing percentage were more than 50%. The variances were mainly caused by heredity and early-generation selection should be conducted. The narrow heritabilities of ear diameter, bare tip length and yield was low, which should not be selected in early-generation.
文摘The combining ability and correlation of eight ear characteristics in 99 maize hybrids generated by crossing nine female parents with 11 male parents were analyzed by incomplete diallel cross （NC II ） design. The results showed that the line F6 had the highest general combining ability （GCA） for yield, followed by F7, M3, M4 and M8. All of the five lines have great potential in maize breeding. The cross combination M3xF10 had the highest specific combining ability （SCA） for yield, showing strong heterosis. Heritability analysis of ear characteristics showed that GCA variance was higher than SCA variance in ear diameter, number of rows per ear and seed rate, and they were mainly controlled by the additive gene effect, indicating that that the selections for these traits are effective at early generations. The other three traits had lower SCA, for which the selections should be carried out at late generations. The correlation analysis revealed that ear length, number of grains per row, ear diameter, number of rows per ear, 100-seed weight and seed rate had extremely significant positive correlations with grain yield per plant. Among them, number of grains per row had the most significant effect on yield per plant. Barren tip length had a significant negative correlation with grain yield per plant. Therefore, we concluded that the combinations with more grains per row and shorter barren tip should be selected to achieve high yield of maize.
基金supported by research grants 073-0731674-1673,073-0731674-0841 and 073‐0730463-0203 from Ministry of Science,Education and Sports,Republic of Croatia
文摘Chlorophyl fluorescence transient from initial to maximum fluorescence （“P”step） throughout two intermedi-ate steps （“J”and“I”） （JIP-test） is considered a reliable early quantitative indicator of stress in plants. The JIP-test is particularly useful for crop plants when applied in variable field environments. The aim of the present study was to conduct a quantitative trait loci （QTL） analysis for nine JIP-test parameters in maize during flowering in four field environ-ments differing in weather conditions. QTL analysis and identification of putative candidate genes might help to explain the genetic relationship between photosynthesis and different field scenarios in maize plants. The JIP-test param-eters were analyzed in the intermated B73 ？ Mo17 （IBM） maize population of 205 recombinant inbred lines. A set of 2,178 molecular markers across the whole maize genome was used for QTL analysis revealing 10 significant QTLs for seven JIP-test parameters, of which five were co-localized when combined＆amp;nbsp;over the four environments indicating polygenic inheritance and pleiotropy. Our results demonstrate that QTL analysis of chlorophyl fluorescence parameters was capable of detecting one pleiotropic locus on chromosome 7, coinciding with the gene gst23 that may be associated with efficient photosynthe-sis under different field scenarios.
