Development and prospects of degradable magnesium alloys for structural and functional applications in the fields of environment and energy

Magnesium and its alloys have such advantages with lightweight, high specific strength, good damping, high castability and machinability,which make them an attractive choice for applications where weight reduction is important, such as in the aerospace and automotive industries.However, their practical applications are still limited because of their poor corrosion resistance, low high temperature strength and ambient formability. Based on such their property shortcomings, recently degradable magnesium alloys were developed for broadening their potential applications. Considering the degradable Mg alloys for medical applications were well reviewed, the present review put an emphasis on such degradable magnesium alloys for structural and functional applications, especially the applications in the environmental and energy fields. Their applications as fracture ball in fossil energy, sacrificial anode, washing ball, and as battery anodes, transient electronics, were summarized. The roles of alloying elements in magnesium and the design concept of such degradable magnesium alloys were discussed. The existing challenges for extending their future applications are explored.

Solar Energy and Residential Building Integration Technology and Application

Building energy saving needs solar energy, but the promotion of solar energy has to be integrated with the constructions. Through analyzing the energy-saving significance of solar energy, and the status and features of it, this paper has discussed the solar energy and building integration technology and application in the residential building, and explored a new way and thinking for the close combination of the solar technology and residence.

Fundamental Open Questions on Engineering of “Super” Hydrogen Sorption in Graphite Nanofibers: Relevance for Clean Energy Applications

Herein, some fundamental open questions on engineering of “super” hydrogen sorption (storage) in carbonaceous nanomaterials are considered, namely: 1) on thermodynamic stability and related characteristics of some hydrogenated graphene layers nanostructures: relevance to the hydrogen storage problem;2) determination of thermodynamic characteristics of graphene hydrides;3) a treatment and interpretation of some recent STM, STS, HREELS/LEED, PES, ARPS and Raman spectroscopy data on hydrogensorbtion with epitaxial graphenes;4) on the physics of intercalation of hydrogen into surface graphene-like nanoblisters in pyrolytic graphite and epitaxial graphenes;5) on the physics of the elastic and plastic deformation of graphene walls in hydrogenated graphite nanofibers;6) on the physics of engineering of “super” hydrogen sorption (storage) in carbonaceous nanomaterials, in the light of analysis of the Rodriguez-Baker extraordinary data and some others. These fundamental open questions may be solved within several years.

Research Development of Control Technology of Hydrogen Sulfide in Biogas Slurry

In order to provide help for the accurate application of biogas slurry in the field, the application of biogas slurry and control technology of hydrogen sulfide in biogas slurry were reviewed. Results of recent researches suggested that source control and end-treatment were the two measures to remove hydrogen sulfide in biogas slurry, including physical method, chemical method and biological method. Some conventional deodorizing methods were introduced and compared.

Application-oriented hydrolysis reaction system of solid-state hydrogen storage materials for high energy density target:A review

Hydrogen storage and delivery technology is still a bottleneck in the hydrogen industry chain.Among all kinds of hydrogen storage methods,light-weight solid-state hydrogen storage(LSHS)materials could become promising due to its intrinsic high hydrogen capacity.Hydrolysis reaction of LSHS materials occurs at moderate conditions,indicating the potential for portable applications.At present,most of review work focuses on the improvement of material performance,especially the catalysts design.This part is important,but the others,such as operation modes,are also vital to to make full use of material potential in the practical applications.Different operation modes of hydrolysis reaction have an impact on hydrogen capacity to various degrees.For example,hydrolysis in solution would decrease the hydrogen capacity of hydrogen generator to a low value due to the excessive water participating in the reaction.Therefore,application-oriented operation modes could become a key problem for hydrolysis reaction of LSHS materials.In this paper,the operation modes of hydrolysis reaction and their practical applications are mainly reviewed.The implements of each operation mode are discussed and compared in detail to determine the suitable one for practical applications with the requirement of high energy density.The current challenges and future directions are also discussed.

A Fusion Neutron Source Driven Sub-Critical Nuclear Energy System: A Way for Early Application of Fusion Technology

This paper proposes a sub-critical nuclear energy system driven by fusion neutron source, FDS, which can be used to transmute long-lived radioactive wastes and to produce fissile nuclear fuel as a way for early application of fusion technology. The necessity and feasibility to develop that system in China are illustrated on the basis of prediction of the demand of energy source in the first half of the 21th century, the status of current fission energy supply and the progress in fusion technology in the world. The characteristics of fusion neutron driver and the potential for transmutation of long-lived nuclear wastes and breeding of fissile nuclear fuel in a blanket are analyzed. A scenario of development steps is proposed.

The progress of radioisotope technology and application in China

The inception of radioisotope and its application in China are introduced. The research,development, production, application progress and the future development prospect of radioisotope and its products are described.

Special Section on Energy-Efficient Technologies--Crowd Energy Applications

Digital transformation generally refers to the process of change in business and society,based on the omnipresence of sensors,networks,information,andcommunication technology.Ever shorter development and innovation cycles are a characteristic feature of this process,which is currently influencing all industries and all areas of life,be it industrial

Guest Editorial Special Section on Energy-Efficient Technologies--Crowd Energy Applications

Since decades, the global electricity demand shows only one direction： a considerable constant increase every year. But the unlimited growth in energy consumption is discussed increasingly critical, not only primarily in terms of limitations but also in terms of more efficient, more intelligent, and more sustainable usage of energy. Energy-efficient technologies （EET） and renewable energy technologies are already in a competitive position in different markets, and they are also actively embedded in scientific research. Meanwhile,

Guest Editorial：Special Issue on Energy-Efficient Technologies--Crowd Energy Applications

The disruption of digital technologies has been a reality in many different industrial sectors for many years.The digital transformation is now having an increasing impact on the energy sector as well as the so-called"smart environments",e.g. bottom-to-bottom energy provision models (crowd energy) are no longer just

新能源用钢管的应用现状、需求分析及思考

“双碳”战略下新能源及相关产业发展给钢管带来新的应用场景,对钢管的功能和性能提出新的需求。聚焦于碳捕获、利用与封存技术领域中的CO_(2)输送用管、氢能领域中的氢气输送用管和储能领域中的盐穴压缩空气储能用注采管,总结了新能源用钢管的应用现状和研究进展,分析了各领域用管需求,并就“双碳”背景下新能源用钢管的基础理论研究、关键技术开发和标准体系建设等方面进行了思考,提出了建议。

“双碳”目标下氢能产业技术发展分析

氢能作为清洁、高效的能源,对于实现全球能源转型和碳中和目标至关重要.随着全球能源需求增长和气候变暖挑战,世界各国都在积极推动能源绿色转型.氢能不仅可替代部分化石燃料,还是可再生能源的有效补充.近年来,全球能源领域正在经历绿色转型,氢能产业得到长足发展,其在交通、储能、工业等方面应用范围得到显著增长.从分析氢能产业技术入手,总结国内外氢能产业发展现状,梳理目前氢能产业面临的问题,展望氢能产业未来发展方向,全面阐述氢能链发展进展.未来,氢能预计将成为全球能源转型和实现气候目标的关键力量,促进清洁能源应用,为经济带来新增长点,对缓解气候变暖和提升能源安全具有重要意义.

考虑氢能应用的光伏直流微电网中储能容量配置寻优方法研究

针对光伏出力的间歇性与不稳定性,使得单纯依赖蓄电池进行能量平抑和调节,难以满足微电网持续稳定运行的需求,提出考虑氢能应用的光伏直流微电网中储能容量配置寻优方法。考虑氢能在光伏直流微电网中的应用,对光伏电池、蓄电池以及电解槽—储氢罐—燃料电池建模分析。根据建模分析结果,设计功率平抑控制策略与混合储能充放电管理策略。将最大化年净利润与光伏自消纳率作为优化目标,建立储能容量配置优化模型,获得储能容量最优配置结果。实验结果表明,应用所提方法后,光伏直流微电网的功率偏移率实现了显著的降低,调峰能力得到了有效优化,并且调度后微电网的自平衡率大幅提升,表明该方法具有良好的容量配置效果。

基于专利数据的全球氢能产业技术创新态势分析与我国发展对策研究

氢作为一种高效清洁的能源和理想的能源转化媒介,可以广泛应用于工业、交通、电力等领域,助力能源绿色低碳转型。本文基于专利信息分析,面向氢能技术开展创新态势研究,为今后氢能领域的专利研究和产业规划提供参考依据。研究发现,全球氢能技术创新处于持续活跃的时期,中国在其中发挥着越来越重要的作用,但是创新主体中心化明显。进一步通过技术构成、相对技术优势指数、技术领域发展速率指数等研究方法比较氢能技术创新态势,在此基础上提出我国加快氢能产业链全面布局规划,强化企业创新主体地位,推进氢能产业规模化发展的建议。

基于中子活化瞬发伽马能谱确定地层元素含量的方法

中子技术能够利用中子与物质的相互作用确定其组成等性质,广泛应用于医学、环境科学、核反应堆建设、金属矿产勘查及石油工业中。在石油天然气领域,中子探测技术主要被用于确定井孔中的孔隙度、密度和流体饱和度等参数。随着测井技术的不断发展,基于瞬发伽马射线的中子活化分析技术也已应用于井下确定地层元素含量,并成为复杂岩性和非常规油气储层获得矿物含量的唯一手段。通过归纳地层元素伽马能谱测井的方法,利用蒙特卡罗方法模拟不同地层条件下的伽马能谱,构建地层元素的标准谱库,研究奇异值分解和极大似然估计能谱数据处理方法,并利用得到的元素产额及氧闭合模型实现地层元素含量的确定。利用蒙特卡罗方法构建已知地层的伽马能谱,采用上述数据处理方法得到元素含量与地层真实元素含量误差均在4%之内,Si误差最大为2.8%,Ca最大误差为3.3%,研究结果为井下确定地层元素成分及含量提供了有效的技术支持。

颠覆性能源技术赋能新质生产力的逻辑机理与作用路径

面向新一轮科技革命和产业革命,颠覆性能源技术在新质生产力的培育形成和现代产业体系的构建过程中发挥着核心动力作用。同时,面向碳达峰碳中和的国际环境和日益激烈的国际竞争,我国要实现从能源大国到能源强国的转变,以及新旧能源的有序衔接,关键在于颠覆性能源技术的培育、形成和效用发挥,但如何科学地认知颠覆性能源技术,其赋能新质生产力的逻辑机理和作用路径有待进一步探究。因此,本文从颠覆性能源技术的内涵、外延出发,梳理了颠覆性能源技术与新质生产力的相关文献,提炼了颠覆性能源技术的特性与模式,进一步结合新质生产力的培育形成过程,从颠覆性能源技术推动能源结构优化、产业结构深度转型升级、生产要素优化组合三方面赋能新质生产力的全过程厘清了颠覆性能源技术赋能新质生产力的逻辑机理,提出了颠覆性能源技术与新质生产力之间的赋能闭环。在此基础上,结合能源行业发展现状与未来趋势,进一步选取大规模绿电绿氢、CCUS、可控核聚变三类颠覆性能源技术探讨了其赋能新质生产力的作用路径,验证了二者赋能的逻辑机理。通过颠覆性能源技术赋能新质生产力的机制研究和实例验证探讨了二者赋能的逻辑机理与作用路径,可为颠覆性能源技术的产出和新质生产力的培育形成提供参考借鉴。

新能源驱动技术在农业机械中的应用与展望

近年来,能源紧缺和环境污染问题促进了新能源技术的发展,新能源驱动技术应用于农业机械产业,能够实现利用可再生能源驱动,逐渐实现农机运转过程零排放或低排放,创新研发节能、减排、高效农机产业体系。结合新能源驱动技术内涵与特征,分析了新能源驱动的农机产品应用现状、应用方向及主要类别,对新能源驱动技术在农业机械中发展前进进行展望,强调了发展农机新能源驱动技术关键性与必要性。

建筑给排水系统节能节水技术分析

随着全球水资源短缺及环境污染问题日益严峻,开展建筑给排水系统节能节水技术应用研究显得尤为重要。目前,针对给排水系统节能节水技术的研究已有很多,但很少有研究涉及该技术在建筑工程中的应用及效果评估。在明确建筑给排水系统相关概念及其重要性的基础上,阐述给排水节能节水技术的应用原则,并结合具体案例深度剖析给排水建筑节能节水技术的应用实际,从中水回用系统、雨水收集再利用系统、变频泵站、节水型卫生洁具等应用层面出发,评价节能节水技术的实际应用效果。结果表明,这些技术的有效应用可显著降低水资源消耗,减少能源使用,提高给排水系统的稳定性。

面向“四新”经济新技术的能源行业高校大数据专业建设路径探索

“四新”经济是产业转型升级、新旧动能转换的重要标志。在本科专业培养方案中融入“新技术”可以加强管理人才的培养质量。文章以中国矿业大学(北京)大数据管理与应用专业为例,从课程体系建设、实践教学体系建设以及师资培养三个方面探讨了能源行业的高校大数据专业建设路径。

氢能储存技术研究进展及安全保障建议

在氢能全产业链中,安全高效的氢能储运技术是支撑产业高质量发展的关键,也是制约氢能大规模应用的主要技术瓶颈之一。综述了氢能储存技术中高压气态储氢、低温液态储氢、有机液体储氢、固态储氢等技术的发展现状,并结合氢能储存技术的差异,剖析了各项技术面临的主要安全风险,进而针对性地从设计、材料、操作、管理等多个层面,提出了不同氢能储存技术安全发展保障建议,为我国氢能产业安全高质量发展提供参考。