Human beings are now facing global and regional sustainable development challenges.In China, Earth observation data play a fundamental role in Earth system science research. The support given by Earth observation data...Human beings are now facing global and regional sustainable development challenges.In China, Earth observation data play a fundamental role in Earth system science research. The support given by Earth observation data is required by many studies, including those on Earth's limited natural resources, the rapid development of economic and social needs, global change, extreme events, food security, water resources, sustainable economic and urban development, and emergency response. Application operation systems in many ministries and departments in China have entered a stage of sustainable development, and the State Key Project of High-Resolution Earth Observation Systems has been progressing since 2006. Earth observation technology in China has entered a period of rapid development.展开更多
The development of coupled earth/climate system models in China over the past 20 years is reviewed, including a comparison with other international models that participated in the Coupled Model Intercom- parison Proje...The development of coupled earth/climate system models in China over the past 20 years is reviewed, including a comparison with other international models that participated in the Coupled Model Intercom- parison Project （CMIP） from phase 1 （CMIP1） to phase 4 （CMIP4）. The Chinese contribution to CMIP is summarized, and the major achievements from CMIP1 to CMIP3 are listed as a reference for assessing the strengths and weaknesses of Chinese models. After a description of CMIP5 experiments, the five Chinese models that participated in CMIP5 are then introduced. Furthermore, following a review of the current status of international model development, both the challenges and opportunities for the Chinese climate modeling community are discussed. The development of high-resolution climate models, earth system mod- els, and improvements in atmospheric and oceanic general circulation models, which are core components of earth/climate system models, are highlighted. To guarantee the sustainable development of climate system models in China, the need for national-level coordination is discussed, along with a list of the main compo- nents and supporting elements identified by the US National Strategy for Advancing Climate Modeling.展开更多
传统的星载相机电子学系统由商用或高等级标准器件设计而成,一般来说标准器件规模较小,难以满足复杂、大规模的高分辨率相机电子学系统对体积、质量、功耗和性能上的要求。文章分析了空间高分辨率对地观测相机视频电子学的需求特点;介...传统的星载相机电子学系统由商用或高等级标准器件设计而成,一般来说标准器件规模较小,难以满足复杂、大规模的高分辨率相机电子学系统对体积、质量、功耗和性能上的要求。文章分析了空间高分辨率对地观测相机视频电子学的需求特点;介绍了高分辨率相机电子学集成化的发展现状;结合中国自身的技术发展水平,提出了中国高分辨率对地观测相机集成化发展的思路和技术途径。首先要研制出高性能和高集成度的单片专用集成电路,在规模上可以采用先进的封装技术,如系统封装(System in a Package,SIP)进行扩展。初步研究表明,该技术途径是可以实现的。该项技术不但可以满足空间高分辨率对地观测相机的要求,还可以应用到其他的空间遥感器中,实现中国空间遥感相机电子学的跨越发展。展开更多
分别对美国及欧洲的静止轨道高分成像卫星发展路径进行了详细分析,其中美国主要发展由NASA提出的基于衍射成像原理的薄膜光学成像卫星;欧洲主要发展由ESA提出的地球静止高分辨率任务(Geostationary High Resolution Mission,GEO-HR)。GE...分别对美国及欧洲的静止轨道高分成像卫星发展路径进行了详细分析,其中美国主要发展由NASA提出的基于衍射成像原理的薄膜光学成像卫星;欧洲主要发展由ESA提出的地球静止高分辨率任务(Geostationary High Resolution Mission,GEO-HR)。GEO-HR包含三个项目:GEO-Oculus(孔径为1.5 m,分辨率为10m);Astrium GO3S(孔径为4m,分辨率为3m);光学合成孔径系统(合成孔径为7m,分辨率为2m)。最后,根据美国及欧洲的静止轨道成像卫星发展的路线,结合我国静止轨道卫星发展现状,分析地球静止轨道高分辨率成像卫星的发展趋势及启示。展开更多
文摘Human beings are now facing global and regional sustainable development challenges.In China, Earth observation data play a fundamental role in Earth system science research. The support given by Earth observation data is required by many studies, including those on Earth's limited natural resources, the rapid development of economic and social needs, global change, extreme events, food security, water resources, sustainable economic and urban development, and emergency response. Application operation systems in many ministries and departments in China have entered a stage of sustainable development, and the State Key Project of High-Resolution Earth Observation Systems has been progressing since 2006. Earth observation technology in China has entered a period of rapid development.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41125017 and 41330423)LASG/IAP Funding for the Development of Climate System Model
文摘The development of coupled earth/climate system models in China over the past 20 years is reviewed, including a comparison with other international models that participated in the Coupled Model Intercom- parison Project （CMIP） from phase 1 （CMIP1） to phase 4 （CMIP4）. The Chinese contribution to CMIP is summarized, and the major achievements from CMIP1 to CMIP3 are listed as a reference for assessing the strengths and weaknesses of Chinese models. After a description of CMIP5 experiments, the five Chinese models that participated in CMIP5 are then introduced. Furthermore, following a review of the current status of international model development, both the challenges and opportunities for the Chinese climate modeling community are discussed. The development of high-resolution climate models, earth system mod- els, and improvements in atmospheric and oceanic general circulation models, which are core components of earth/climate system models, are highlighted. To guarantee the sustainable development of climate system models in China, the need for national-level coordination is discussed, along with a list of the main compo- nents and supporting elements identified by the US National Strategy for Advancing Climate Modeling.
文摘传统的星载相机电子学系统由商用或高等级标准器件设计而成,一般来说标准器件规模较小,难以满足复杂、大规模的高分辨率相机电子学系统对体积、质量、功耗和性能上的要求。文章分析了空间高分辨率对地观测相机视频电子学的需求特点;介绍了高分辨率相机电子学集成化的发展现状;结合中国自身的技术发展水平,提出了中国高分辨率对地观测相机集成化发展的思路和技术途径。首先要研制出高性能和高集成度的单片专用集成电路,在规模上可以采用先进的封装技术,如系统封装(System in a Package,SIP)进行扩展。初步研究表明,该技术途径是可以实现的。该项技术不但可以满足空间高分辨率对地观测相机的要求,还可以应用到其他的空间遥感器中,实现中国空间遥感相机电子学的跨越发展。
