GRAPHICAL COMPUTING METHOD ON FOUR-BAR LINKAGE(1)——Inflexion Circle,Focal Axis,Ball's Point,Centering-point Curve and Circling-point Curve For Four ISPs,Coupler Curves Based on Ball's Points——

By means of programs GTMPAC based- on generalized triangle method,analysis and synthesis of mechanism design in accordance with absolutely graphicalmethod( absolutely germetrical method) are developed.In this paper,we make aspecial study about centering- point curve and circling- point curve and couplercurves based on Ball’s points.

Dynamic Multi-Attribute Decision-Making Method with Double Reference Points and Its Application

To better reflect the psychological behavior characteristics of loss aversion,this paper builds a double reference point decision making method for dynamic multi-attribute decision-making(DMADM)problem,taking bottom-line and target as reference pints.First,the gain/loss function is given,and the state is divided according to the relationship between the gain/loss value and the reference point.Second,the attitude function is constructed based on the results of state division to establish the utility function.Third,the comprehensive utility value is calculated as the basis for alternatives classification and ranking.Finally,the new method is used to evaluate the development level of smart cities.The results show that the new method can judge the degree to which the alternatives meet the requirements of the decision-maker.While the new method can effectively screen out the unsatisfactory alternatives,the ranking results of other alternatives are consistent with those of traditional methods.

Making Innovation at the New Starting Point

Thirty years ago, Mr. Li Yimang, the veteran politician, social activist and diplomat in China,initiated the founding of the Chinese Association for International Understanding (CAFIU) and served as its first President. Mr. Li Yimang was very appreciative of the late Premier Zhou

A Method for Risky Multiple Attribute Decision Making with Four - dimensional Reference Point

A method based on cumulative prospect theory was proposed to solve risky multiple attribute decision making problems with Four -dimensional reference points. Considering the influence of different learning processes and corresponding features on decision-making, a new reference-learning behavior is added, and a risk-based multiple-attribute decision-making method based on four-dimensional reference point cumulative prospect theory is proposed. Firstly, according to the cumulative prospect theory, the prospect value and the decision function value of the four reference points of learning, time, evaluation value and expected value are calculated respectively, and the cumulative prospect value matrix of each program dynamic is formed. Secondly,according to the WAA operalor, Maximize the stage weighting model to obtain the integrated cumulative prospect value. Finally, on the basis of this, the alternatives are sorted according to the size of the total cumulative prospect value, and compared with other methods, the validity and scientific of the proposed method are proved.

一种基于MATLAB的临床瞳孔孔径测量方法

医护人员可通过观察患者瞳孔孔径大小及其动态变化,实现对昏迷、中毒、心衰、颅脑损伤等多种病症判断。瞳孔检查具有客观、无创、易操作的优点,已成为临床常用的疾病检测手段。目前,临床主要采用目测或瞳孔尺进行瞳孔状态的主观评测,虽操作简单,但存在检测灵敏度低、测量精度不高、测量值可复现性差等缺点,特别是当急危重症患者的瞳孔尺寸发生微小变化时,难以准确及时地监测瞳孔状态,导致患者错过最佳治疗窗口期。针对传统图像处理方法中瞳孔孔径测量精度受伪边界点干扰问题,该研究以MATLAB作为瞳孔图像处理软件平台,采用图像灰度转化、高斯滤波去噪、二值化处理、边缘检测等步骤得到瞳孔轮廓坐标,通过构建伪边界点检测模型实现伪边界点的准确剔除,并在此基础上采用最小二乘圆拟合算法实现瞳孔孔径计算。实验结果表明,与传统方法相比,该研究方法可有效降低外界干扰对瞳孔孔径测量的影响,测量准确度较传统方法最低提升约6.1%,测量时间较传统方法最低减少约0.52s,具备较高的临床应用价值。

基于机器视觉的工件Mark点快速提取方法研究

在现代化工业生产流程中,工件Mark点类型繁多且提取过程既复杂又低效。为解决这一问题,提出了一种基于机器视觉的工件Mark点快速提取的方法。首先,使用工业相机采集原始图像,然后对图像进行预处理以减少噪声和锯齿的影响。随后,针对目标边缘提取繁琐且不准确的问题,提出一种基于OpenCV的卡尺工具算法,该算法通过在检测边缘周围产生等大等距的测量矩形,利用亚像素图像及改进的Canny边缘检测算子获得测量矩形内的最佳边缘点,再利用基于梯度下降法的最小二乘法来进行直线或圆的拟合,通过该算法可以快速高效地获得工件的直线或圆边缘。最后,通过组合这些直线或圆边缘来获得所需的Mark点。实验证明,该方法可以快速而准确地拟合工件的直线边缘或圆边缘,并最终成功获取到相应的Mark点,定位精度可达到亚像素级,且具有较高的稳定性。

用Stigmatic Points法设计高性能80通道阵列波导光栅器件

采用StigmaticPoints方法改进传统的罗兰圆结构设计方法 ,给出一个实用化、高性能 80通道阵列波导光栅器件设计方案 .对采用这两种设计方法得到的器件性能结果进行了比较分析 ,指出了传统设计方法在设计大通道数阵列波导光栅器件中存在的问题以及StigmaticPoints方法对器件性能的改进 .

The Analytical Expressions for Computing the Minimum Distance between a Point and a Torus

In this paper, we present the analytical expressions for computing the minimum distance between a point and a torus, which is called the orthogonal projection point problem. If the test point is on the outside of the torus and the test point is at the center axis of the torus, we present that the orthogonal projection point set is a circle perpendicular to the center axis of the torus;if not, the analytical expression for the orthogonal projection point problem is also given. Furthermore, if the test point is in the inside of the torus, we also give the corresponding analytical expression for orthogonal projection point for two cases.

基于图像EKF跟踪的水下激光通信APT方法

针对水下激光通信的自动对准问题,提出了一种基于图像扩展卡尔曼滤波器(Extended Kalman Filter,EKF)跟踪的APT方法。通过水下相机获取激光光斑图像,利用Canny算子和Hough圆变换对激光光斑实现精确定位。根据相机标定原理建立APT对准的像素坐标转换模型,利用目标定位数据的滤波处理获取较为稳定的水下激光通信对准效果。水下实际测试结果证明,所提方法可以提高目标对准的速度和准确性,适用于近距离水下激光通信领域。

Research and Application for the Regularity of Distribution about Curvature Radius and Curvature Center of the Linkage Point Track in a Link Mechanism

It is illustrated that there exists an inflection circle on the linkage rigid body by the principle of relative motion. Confirmed methods of the inflection circle, curvature radius and curvature center of the point track on the linkage rigid body are given in the case of the different contact type of move instantaneous center line and static instantaneous center line. The regularity of distribution of curvature radius and curvature center of the point track is researched. The identification methods called determination parameters and auxiliary vertical line of the diameter and direction of the inflection circle in the four bar mechanism are pointed out. A design method of the crane hoisting mechanism is discussed in the end of this paper.

Semi-parametric Adjustment Model Methods for Positioning of Seafloor Control Point

This paper focus on solving the problem of seafloor control point absolute positioning with low vertical accuracy based on the survey ship sailing circle. The method of dealing with the systematic error based on a semi-parametric adjustment model was proposed. Firstly, the influence of sound velocity change on ranging error is analyzed. Secondly, a semi-parametric adjustment model for determining three-dimensional coordinates of seafloor control points was established. And respectively proposed solutions under two different conditions, the observation duration is an integral multiple or non-integer multiple of the long-period term of the ranging error. The simulation experiment shows that this method can obviously improve the accuracy of vertical solution of seafloor control point compared with the difference technique and the least-squares method when internal waves exist and observation duration is less than an integer multiple of the long-period term of the ranging error.

Research on Algorithm of the Point Set in the Plane Based on Delaunay Triangulation

In the paper, an improved algorithm is presented for Delaunay triangulation of the point-set in the plain. Based on the original algorithm, we propose the notion of removing circle. During the process of triangulation, and the circle dynamically moves, the algorithm which is simple and practical, therefore evidently accelerates the process of searching a new point, while generating a new triangle. Then it shows the effect of the algorithm in the finite element mesh.

A Remark on Pl Type Interpolation on Non-Uniformly Distributed Nodes on the Unit Circle

In this paper we study the problem of explicit representation and convergence of Pal type （0;1） interpolation and its converse, with some additional conditions, on the non-uniformly distributed nodes on the unit circle obtaIned by projecting the interlaced zeros of Pn （x） and Pn′ （x） on the unit circle. The motivation to this problem can be traced to the recent studies on the regularity of Birkhoff interpolation and Pal type interpolations on non-uniformly distributed zeros on the unit circle.

RANSAC算法在超大直径洞门钢环精密检测中的应用

洞门钢环对盾构机顺利始发以及隧道掘进中线的控制起着巨大的作用,因而对隧道洞门钢环的定位精度有着极高的要求。而直径超过10 m的超大直径洞门钢环对精度有着更高的要求。本文结合某过江通道15.5 m超大直径隧道洞门钢环安装难度大、精度要求更高的特点,通过洞门安装定位实测数据计算分析,针对原始数据中混入的噪声点影响拟合精度的问题,在传统的拟合方法中加入随机抽样一致算法(random sample consensus,RANSAC),提高了拟合模型对粗差的抵抗性,有效地克服了噪声点对拟合精度的扰动,获得了良好的抵抗效果。

嵌入Circle映射的混合策略多目标粒子群算法

多目标粒子群算法具有收敛速度快、原理简单和易于实现等优点,被广泛应用于解决多目标优化问题。然而,它存在容易过早收敛、陷入局部最优等缺点。针对上述问题,提出了一种嵌入Circle映射的混合策略多目标粒子群算法(CMEMOPSO)。当粒子当前位置与其个体历史最优位置互不支配时,在一定概率下,利用Circle映射调整粒子位置,使其找到更优的解。同时,若外部存档达到预定阈值,则使用结合个体密度和拐点距离的混合评价指标评估非劣解的综合性能,去除较差的非劣解以实现对外部存档的更新,提高算法的综合性能。最后,利用所提出的算法在12个典型测试函数上进行实验。实验结果表明CMEMOPSO具有良好的收敛性和更快的收敛速度,它在大多数测试函数上优于其他比较算法。

IDENTIFYING LEVERAGE POINTS IN U.S.RESIDENTIAL WATER HEATER STAKEHOLDER SYSTEM AND DECISION-MAKING PROCESS:AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW

The system of stakeholders impacting water heater selection decisions in the U.S.is complex,with numerous actors and key players engaging with varying degrees of information asymmetry.The limited availability of decision-making tools could lead to unintended consequences of water and energy saving decisions on public health,such as the growth of opportunistic pathogens in water systems.We use a qualitative meta-synthesis to identify key stakeholders,map interactions among these stakeholders,identify decisions,roles,and influences,and inventory potential interventions.This study identifies and characterizes the important attributes of the residential water heater stakeholder system(leverage points)that influence the selec-tion of water heating technologies.The ultimate desired outcome of the work is to facilitate the selection of water heating components and design configurations that meet occupant objectives and constraints while limiting the potential for health and safety risks due to scalding or opportunistic pathogens.This effort identifies a clear need for decision-making support tools for selecting residential water heaters,one that takes a whole-systems perspective in the water heater stakeholder system and takes advantage of key leverage points for effective intervention.

城市更新的机会成本和边际成本

城市更新上升为国家意志,但更新理论对“更新起点决策”和“更新终点决策”两个更新基本问题研究处于空白,对更新实践的支撑力和解释力不足。从现有更新研究中的两个误区入手,指出现有研究对更新起点和更新终点的论断与现实情况存在落差,借助微观经济学和超边际理论的分析工具,从机会成本和边际成本角度构建了“更新起点决策”和“更新终点决策”两个理论模型,通过对两个模型的拟合,形成了“起点-终点全过程决策”框架,依据该框架提出了“城市更新精明决策”思路,指出改进起点决策的“更新专业化分工”和“更新起点信贷”策略,改进终点决策的“设施触媒”和“更新底线管控”策略。为更新决策的底层逻辑分析和决策改进提供了新研究视角。

基于组合基元法的非理想模型装配偏差预测算法研究

基于模型定义(model-based definition,MBD)体系的装配偏差算法适用于赛博空间中理想数模的装配场景,但不适用于物理空间中非理想状态的装配场景,导致现场产生大量修配工作。针对这一问题,文章模拟真实的装配场景,基于零件的非理想状态,并将配合特征之间的拓扑关系考虑在内,对装配偏差的传递与累积过程展开研究,给出一种装配偏差预测算法。首先,针对孔轴配合与槽轴配合,将装配约束转化为定位点约束,依据最大实体原则,构造柱面点云的最小包围圆,确定接触状态,给出串行装配偏差算法,并将以上两种配合定义为两种基元,对应的装配偏差算法定义为两种独立基元算法。其次,基于平面贴合、孔轴配合与槽轴配合给出并行装配偏差算法,并将其定义为组合基元算法。最后,基于非理想模拟数据进行实例验证,达到了准确预测装配偏差的目标,为后续在赛博空间基于实测数据的装配偏差计算提供理论依据,以促进高精度装配。