女飞行学员高空缺氧耐力的实验研究

观察男女飞行学员 5 0 0 0m缺氧的生理反应 ,旨在从高空缺氧耐力方面探讨我国女性从事歼击机飞行的可能性。以 2 0名男性战斗机高教机飞行学员 (2 1～ 2 3岁 )和 2 2名女飞行学员 (2 1～ 2 3岁 )为研究对象。采用DY 84型混氧仪 ,使受试者吸入 10 5 %低氧混合气持续 15min,模拟高空 5 0 0 0m缺氧耐力检查。在模拟 5 0 0 0m缺氧环境中 ,男女飞行员的心电图、心率、血氧饱和度差异无显著性意义(P >0 0 5 ) ,而血压变化差异有显著性意义 (P<0 0 5 )。从缺氧耐力上讲 ,中国女飞行学员可以从事战斗机飞行。

男性飞行员黑色素瘤发生风险的Meta分析

目的:研究男性飞行员相较于普通男性发生黑色素瘤的风险。方法:检索电子数据库(PubMed、Scopus、Embase、中国知网和万方等)和阅读相关参考文献来确定合适的文献,应用STATA14.0软件进行统计分析,采用优势比(Odds ratio,OR)作为效应量,改变效应模型和排除权重比较大的研究进行敏感性分析。结果:Meta分析结果提示,男性飞行员黑色素瘤发生的风险明显高于普通男性[OR=2.23(1.44~3.44)],样本量大小是主要的异质性来源,且异质性降低后,结果无显著改变[OR=2.19(1.30~3.67)]。结论:相较于普通男性,男性飞行员黑色素瘤的发生风险较高。

Risk of connective—tissue disease in men with testicular or penile prostheses：a preliminary study

AIM: To help clarifying the possibility of connective-tissue diseases in men with penile or testicular prostheses. METHODS: Eight patients underwent inflatable penile prostheses and 15, testicular prostheses consented to the study. Their medical records were reviewed and a follow-up interview and physical and serological examinations were performed. RESULTS: In patients with penile prostheses, there was no abnormal antinuclear antibody (ANA) or IgM elevation. The serum levels of the rheumatoid factor (RF), C4, IgA and IgG were abnormal in one patient, and the levels of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C3, abnormal in two. Four had elevated IgE. In patients with testicular prostheses, there was no abnormal RF, ANA or IgM. The serum levels of ESR and IgA were abnormal in two, and three had abnormal C4, ten abnormal C3, and eleven decreased IgG. All had increased IgE. Men with penile prostheses had higher serum levels of IgG and IgM than those with testicular prostheses (P=0.001, P=0.016, respectively). The rates of abnormal values of IgE and IgG were higher in men with testicular prostheses than in men with penile prostheses (P=0.008, P=0.009, respectively). Physical examination was normal in all patients and nobody had documented symptoms pertinent to connective-tissue diseases. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that the risk of connective-tissue diseases is not higher in patients wearing prostheses as the ANA is negative and there is no apparent manifestation suggestive of connective-tissue diseases.

男性飞行员高尿酸血症影响因素分析

目的分析男性飞行员高尿酸血症患病情况及其危险因素。方法采用方便抽样方法,选择1561名男性飞行员为研究对象,以其中678例罹患高尿酸血症者为观察组,883名无罹患高尿酸血症者为对照组,比较2组人群高尿酸血症患病情况。结果男性飞行员高尿酸血症患病率为43.4%。观察组人群体质量指数(BMI)偏高、三酰甘油(TG)偏高、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇偏低、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)偏高、混合型高脂血症、非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFLD)检出率均高于对照组(P值均<0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,BMI偏高、TG偏高、LDL-C偏高和NAFLD均是男性飞行员罹患高尿酸血症的危险因素(比值比分别为1.517、1.559、1.384、1.782,P值均<0.05),年龄>40岁是其罹患高尿酸血症的保护因素(比值比为0.593,P<0.01)。结论男性飞行员高尿酸血症的患病率较高,须加强飞行员高尿酸血症的防治工作。