Male/Female Relationships in Strange Interlude

Strange Interlude has been considered the most complicated play ever written by Eugene O'Neill,not only because of it's great length,but also because of the complex in structure.The play conversal most the entire life of a woman,right from her girlhood to old age.This paper intends to analyze diverse male/fem ale relationships that are evident in thisplay.

Female Warriors in the MCU and Wuxia Films:A Comparative Study

This essay offers a comprehensive comparative analysis of female warriors in the Marvel Cinematic Universe(MCU)and Wuxia films.Both genres portray powerful and empowered female characters who defy societal expectations and embody resilience,effectively challenging gender norms and promoting female empowerment.However,despite their strength,many of these women warriors face certain narrative factors,such as the male gaze and a predetermined fate,which can restrict their agency and curtail their full potential.And it is within the realm of Wuxia films that the captivating element of cross-dressing among female warriors emerges,providing a nuanced exploration of identity and the constraints imposed by society.

Influence of dominance rank and affiliation relationships on selfdirected behavior in female Tibetan macaques (Macaca thibetana)

Self-directed behavior(SDB) is characterized as an indicator of anxiety, frustration and stress in nonhuman primates. In this study, we collected self-directed behavior data from one group of free-ranging Tibetan macaques(Macaca thibetana) at Mt. Huangshan, China(September 2012–May 2013) using a combination of behavioral sampling methods including focal animal sampling, behavioral sampling, continuous sampling and instantaneous sampling. Our results showed that females engaged in significantly higher rates of self-directed behavior when they were in proximity to dominant individuals compared to subordinate ones. Conflict losers significantly increased their SDB rates after agonistic episodes, indicating that SDB might also serve as an index of anxiety in M. thibetana. We further found that females significantly increased their SDB rates when focal individual was proximity to weakly affiliation relationship higher rank members than to strongly affiliation relationship higher rank members. If conflicts were not reconciled, the postconflict SDB rates of losers were higher when they stayed with strongly affiliation opponents; if conflicts were reconciled, victims of strongly affiliation relationships opponents engaged in more SDB rates before reconciliation than after reconciliation, while victims of moderately affiliation relationships opponents did not engaged in more SDB rates before reconciliation than after reconciliation. We conclude that both of dominance rank and affiliation relationships might both influence the SDB rates of female Tibetan macaques significantly, suggesting that SDB is not only an index of anxiety in Tibetan macaques, but also can provide a new insight into evaluation of social relationships between individuals.

Genetic Analysis of the First Female Flower Node and the First Male Flower Node in Bitter Gourd

Exploring genetic mechanism of the first female flower node and the first male flower node in bitter gourd has practical significance for formulating breeding strategy. In this article, a cross was made between CN19-1 and Thai4-6, and the F2segregation population was also constructed through F1selfing. The genetic characteristics of the first female flower node and the first male flower node were analyzed by adopting the major gene plus polygene mixed genetic model. The data analysis results showed that the first female flower node and the first male flower node were continuous distribution in the F2segregation population. E-2 model was the most suitable model for the genetic analysis of the first female flower node and the first male flower node. The additive effect values of the 2 pairs of major genes controlling the first female flower node were 2.722 and 1.862 8 respectively, the dominant effect values were-2.721 6 and-0.171 8, respectively. The additive effect value of polygene was-0.839 2, and the dominant effect value of polygene was 2.225 4. The heritability of major genes and polygene were 83.73% and 1.54%, respectively. The additive effect values of the 2 pairs of major genes controlling the first male flower node were 17.746 9 and 3.972, respectively, the dominant effect values were 5.191 6 and-3.972, respectively. The additive effect value of polygene was-20.530 5, and the dominant effect value was-4.141 4. The heritability of major genes and polygene was 92.34% and 4.7%, respectively. This study could provide a theoretical basis for bitter gourd breeding.

Differences Between Male andFemale Sex in Speech Behaviour

This paper describes male-female differences in speech behavior from the following aspects: their different attitudes towards public speaking and private speaking; their different attitudes towards public details and private details; their different purposes towards troubles; their different attitudes towards asking information. Then this paper presents explanations for male-female differences in speech behavior from social point of view and anthropological point of view.

Female choice impacts resident male takeover in golden snub-nosed monkeys(Rhinopithecus roxellana)

In primate species with social systems consisting of one-male breeding units （OMUs）, resident male takeover represents a major challenge to individual reproductive success and mating strategies. The golden snub-nosed monkey （Rhinopithecus roxellana） is characterized by large multilevel societies （MLS） comprised of several OMUs and all-male units （AMUs）; however, the factors and mechanisms associated with resident male takeover, which offer important insight into primate reproduction and social strategies, are still poorly understood. Based on 5-year monitoring data from a free-ranging herd of golden monkeys from the Qinling Mountains in China, we categorized three phases of an OMU, that is, a rising phase, developing phase, and declining phase. The rising and declining phases were unstable periods in which male takeover in an OMU might occur. Factors causing takeover, such as leader male rank, fighting ability, reproduction rate, and affiliation （proximity, allogrooming）, were analyzed for males and females and for different OMUs. Results indicated that the new resident male＇s fighting ability was lower than that of the former resident male in 23 cases. After replacement, the rank order of the new resident male significantly declined. Females involved in a takeover increased their distance from the resident male and decreased mating frequency during the three months prior to takeover. Females with infants under one-year-old had a marked effect on the specific time of takeover occurrence. These results suggested that female choice was the main factor deciding whether a takeover attempt was successful. Furthermore, rather than male conflict, females more often initiated and affected takeover and outcome, implying that the social status and competitive ability of the males played lesser roles during takeover.

Gender and managerial competence:a comparison of male and female first-line nurse managers in Indonesia

Objective:First-line nurse managers are more likely to work according to gender beliefs and stereotypes,which may affect their managerial competence.This study is aimed at comparing managerial competence of male and female first-line nurse managers in public hospitals in Indonesia.Methods:This study employed a descriptive comparative approach with a cross-sectional survey with a total of 256 participants selected from 18 public hospitals.To measure managerial competence,the managerial competence scale for Indonesian first-line nurse managers was used.Data were analyzed using descriptive analyses using mean,standard deviation,and Independent t-test.Results:Managerial competence of male and female first-line nurse managers was not significantly different(P=0.555).Female nurse managers descriptively reported/received higher ranking in facilitating spiritual nursing care,managing self,staffing and professional development,utilizing informatics,and applying quality care improvement.Male nurse managers repor ted higher in leadership and financial management.Conclusions:Female and male first-line nurse managers should be treated equally for leadership and managerial development.

Brain activation patterns associated with sexual orientation in homosexual male and female: a case study with 3.0T fMRI

This study was performed to clarify the sexual orien-tation in a 19-year-old homosexual male and a 20-year-old homosexual female by using a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with viewing male and female erotic nude pictures. The sex hor-mone levels of the homosexual male and female were in the normal range of healthy heterosexual males and females, respectively. In both homosexuals more significant brain activities were observed while view-ing the nude pictures of the same genetic sex than those of the opposite sex in the frontal cortex, parietal cortex, occipital cortex, anterior cingulate gyrus, amygdala, midbrain, hippocampus, orbitofrontal cortex, parahippocampal gyrus, thalamus, globus pallidus, and putamen, which are known to be re-sponsive to sexual arousal. The homosexual male and female showed a tendency toward higher sexual arousal to the same genetic sex as comparison with the opposite sex. This finding may be useful to un-derstand the different neural mechanisms on sexual arousal in homosexuals.

Effects of Different Row Ratios of Male and Female Parents and Application Amount of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Hybrid Wheat Seed Production and Its Component Factors

In order to screen suitable high hybrid wheat seed production technology,the split-plot experiment design was adopted and study was carried out about the effects of the different row ratios of male and female parents and application amount of nitrogen fertilizer on hybrid wheat seed production and its component factors. The results showed that the seed production increased with the increase in the number of female parent row. When the row ratio of male and female parents was 2 ∶ 6,the seed production was 3 683. 8 kg/ha; when the application amount of nitrogen fertilization was 50 kg/ha,the seed production was 3 649. 4 kg/ha; the interaction between the row ratio of male and female parents and the application amount of nitrogen fertilizer indicated that when the row ratio of male and female parents was 2∶ 6 and the application amount of nitrogen fertilizer was 300 kg/ha,the seed production reached the highest( 4160. 6 kg/ha). The row ratio of male and female parents and application amount of nitrogen fertilizer had significant effect on the component factors of seed production,including the number of grains per spike,spike weight and setting percentage. When the row ratio of male and female parents was 2∶ 5,the number of grains per spike,spike weight and setting percentage were the highest at 26. 7 grains,1. 12 g,and 62. 6% respectively; when application amount of nitrogen fertilizer was 450 kg/ha,the number of grains per spike,spike weight and setting percentage were the highest at 26. 0 grains,1. 08 g,and59. 2% respectively; the interaction of row ratio of male and female parents and application amount of nitrogen fertilizer had significant effect on the number of grains per spike,spike weight and setting percentage; when the row ratio of male and female parents was 2∶ 5 and the application amount of nitrogen fertilizer was 300 kg/ha,the number of grains per spike,spike weight and setting percentage were the highest at 29. 6grains,1. 24 g,and 71. 6% respectively. The number of grains per spike is the largest component factor for seed production. Increasing the number of grains per spike can increase the seed production. According to the effects of row ratio of male and female parents and application amount of nitrogen fertilizer on the component factors of seed production,the optimal condition was 2∶ 5-2∶ 6 for row ratio of male and female parents and 300-450 kg/ha for application amount of nitrogen fertilizer.

Mast cells and multiple sclerosis in females and males

Mast cells were observed in autopsies from 11 females and 8 males. We confirm earlier observations that mast cells are more frequent in close vicinity to MS-plaques. In these plaque-border zone areas, defined as the area within 1 mm distance of the actual plaques, the average number of mast cells was 2.34/mm2 in males and 4.77/mm2 in females, which in average is appr. 10 times more than earlier observed in MS. The difference in number of mast cells between females and males is significant (p < 0.005) and is of interest since females are more inclined to developing MS than males. Mast cells were rare in areas without visible plaques. The mast cells were preferably located close to capillaries and venules. A mechanism for the probable role of mast cells, based on diet-factors and mast cell mediators in the pathogenesis of MS is discussed.

Cytological Analyses on Development of Male and Female Gametophytes in an Interspecific Hybrid F1 from Cucumis hystrix Chakr. x Cucumis sativus L.

An interspecific hybrid F1 of Cucumis hystrix Chakr. x Cucumis sativus L. （NC4406） was used to establish the developmental sequence and to characterize the male and female gametophytes at cytological level for further understanding of the phylogenic relationship and the mechanism of fertility or sterility in the interspecific hybrid F1 The development of male and female gametophytes was studied through meiotic analysis and paraffin section observation technique, respectively. Meanwhile, the fertility level was assessed through hybrid F1 backcrossing to cultivated cucumber 4406. Variable chromosome configurations were observed in the pollen mother cells （PMCs） of hybrid F1 at metaphase Ⅰ , e.g., univalents, bivalents, trivalents, quadravalents, etc. At anaphase Ⅰ and Ⅱ, chromosome lagging and bridges were frequently observed as well, which led to the formation of polyads and only a partial number of microspores could develop into fertile pollen grains （about 23.3%）. Observations of the paraffin sections showed numerous degenerated and abnormal embryo sacs during the development of female gametophytes, and only 40% of the female gametophytes could develop into normal eight-nuclear megaspore. On an average, 22.8 and 6.3 seeds per fruit could be obtained from the reciprocal backcross. The interspecific hybrid F1 of C. hystrix x NC4406 was partially fertile; however, the meiotic behaviors of hybrid F1 showed a high level of intergenomic recombination between C. hystrix and C. sativus chromosomes, which indicated that it plays an important role for introgression of useful traits from C. hystrix into C. sativus.

Changing Male Preferences for Female Body Type in the US: An Adaptive Response to a Changing Socioeconomic Climate

The debate over changing ideals of beauty in Western society remains unresolved more than 20 years after Singh’s (1993) seminal study [1] suggesting there was a universal male preference for a female body shape with a low waist to hip ratio (circa 0.7), which relates to maximum fecundity. Subsequent research has supported this universal preference while other studies have found that male preferences may be context dependent and capable of calibrating in response to the specific selection pressures of differing socio-ecologies. The current paper aims to help resolve this uncertainty with an analysis of body measurements of female models who were Playboy centrefolds from 1953-2014. Height is shown to increase significantly over time (beyond a level that could be attributed to a positive secular trend). Along with a significant increase in waist to hip ratio (WHR) (i.e. more tubular) and a significant decrease in Body Mass Index (BMI), these results represent a shift in male preferences away from signals of maximum fecundity, and towards a more androgenic female body shape. Contemporary research indicates that increasing height in women is positively associated with career orientation and negatively with reproduction ambition, thus the change in Western male preferences may be interpreted as an adaptive response to ecological conditions where a smaller family size and greater involvement of female partners in resource acquisition is adaptive.

Polarized Contradiction of the Female Image Created by Cao Yu --A Case Study of Fanyi

Cao Yu is an important and well-known playwright in the modern history of Chinese literature,who shapes many vivid and lively female images in his works,all of them presenting the split personality—on the one hand,they are beautiful and honest,as good as angels;on the other hand,they are crazy and insane.This paper attempts to center on the familiar female image Fanyi to analyze the writing psyche and imagination of the writer and further reveal the deep logic and immanent contradiction of the female image as the intent tool.

The Female Characters in Heart of Darkness and Victory

The female characters in Conrad's Heart of Darkness and Victory on one hand seem to be either too idealistic or rather uncivilized and insignificant.On the other hand,they have indispensable functions:they prepare the precondition for the plot,they can reverse the gender stereotype,and they help the inner growth of male protagonists.Even so,the focus of Joseph Conrad is still a patriarchal society where women are motivated by men.

On Subversion of Traditional Male and Female Images in Angela Cater's Modern Fairy Tales

Angela Carter is a famous contemporary British female writer with a variety of creative styles, famous for Gothic style, magic realism and new feminism. As one of the representatives of feminist writers in the last century, Angela Carter devoted her life to prosecuting patriarchal society from the perspective of women, calling on women to find themselves and realize personality libera-tion. At the same time, she is also a rational feminist, advocating the establishment of harmonious rather than antagonistic social re-lations with men and women.This article will mainly use text analysis and contrast and comparison to study the image of the male and female image in Angela Carter's modern fairy tale, and explore the reasons. On the basis of the text analysis, this paper will study the transformation of female image from the change of female status and personality. The laws of comparison and comparison will be used to explore the differences between men and women in the traditional fairy tale and the modern fairy tale of Angela Cart-er. The study found that in Carter's reconstruction of the fairy tale, the female image dares to break through the inherent status, and constantly launches the impact on the men's rights, seeking individual independence and self-liberation, and the male image is more diversified and more realistic and vivid. Through this study, it is hoped that the reader will have a deeper and more compre-hensive understanding of Angela Carter and his work, and find out the new feminist connotation contained in his work, thus ending the dualistic confrontation of the male and female and establishing a harmonious relationship.

Breeding of XX Females( XX ♀),YY Physiological Females( YY♀),YY Super-males( YY♂ ) of Pure-line Yellow Catfish( Pelteobagrus fulvidraco Richardson)

Mature wild-type yellow catfish( Pelteobagrus fulvidraco Richardson) individuals with excellent traits have been screened from the Yangtze River as broodstock to establish the germplasm bank of pure-line yellow catfish by artificial gynogenesis technique and hormonal sex reversal method. Based on pure lines of yellow catfish,super-males and physiological females of yellow catfish were selected by GMT technique,hormonal sex reversal method and test-crossing to establish the germplasm bank of YY physiological females( YY♀). The propagation system of male yellow catfish( XY♂) was established based on the combination of super-males( YY♂) and pure-line female( XX♀) for large-scale production of pure-line yellow catfish males,which effectively overcome the disadvantages in the production of common fingerlings and male fingerlings using low-grade fish with slow growth and small size at the bottom of the fish grader as broodfish,such as progeny germplasm degeneration,loss of growth vigor and reduction of breeding benefits. The technical route of breeding pure-line YY physiological females( YY♀) and YY super-males( YY♂) laid the foundation for large-scale production of environmentally friendly yellow catfish males with pure germplasm and strong stress resistance,and provided an efficient,stable,healthy,environmentally friendly,energy-saving and income-increasing approach for sustainable development of yellow catfish breeding industry.

雌雄配比和种植密度对单雌性工业大麻籽糠产量的影响

以单雌性工业大麻云麻雌1号作为对象,研究不同雌雄配比(雄株比例为10%、20%和30%)种植模式下种植密度(5210、10420、15630株/hm^(2))对麻籽和麻糠产量的影响,进而探讨单雌性工业大麻用于籽糠兼用的生产模式。结果表明,在同一雌雄比例下,种植密度越大,麻籽、麻糠、麻秆及大麻二酚(CBD)理论产量越高;在最大种植密度15630株/hm^(2)下,20%雄株率下的麻籽、麻糠、麻秆及CBD理论产量均高于10%和30%雄株率的产量,其麻籽产量为5738.02 kg/hm^(2),麻糠产量为6087.14 kg/hm^(2),麻秆产量为9396.35 kg/hm^(2),CBD理论产量127.58 kg/hm^(2)。在单雌性工业大麻云麻雌1号籽糠生产实践中,建议配置花期一致的20%左右雄株,保证授粉充足,实现麻籽和麻糠丰产。

蚕蛹性腺图像在线采集与雌雄自动识别分选装置设计与优化

针对当前蚕蛹雌雄鉴别环节人工劳动强度大、蚕蛹雌雄识别分选装置准确率和效率不高、适用品种范围小等问题,根据雌雄蚕蛹性腺特征差异是区别不同品种蚕蛹雌雄的可靠依据,该研究设计了一种蚕蛹性腺图像在线采集与雌雄自动识别分选装置。首先,在对蚕蛹基本物理特性参数大量统计的基础上,对振动排序上料机、蚕蛹输送滑轨和蚕蛹翻转拍照装置进行了结构设计与理论分析。在识别方法和计算机硬件条件不变基础上,对装置中蚕蛹排序输送螺旋倾角、滑轨倾角和转动棒带动蚕蛹旋转转速进行了优化设计,以提高装置的识别分选速度。并设计了以SIEMENS-S7-200SMART-ST30为控制器,基于激光、光电传感器检测的信息融合控制系统。分选装置工作性能优化结果为:螺旋倾角为15.62°,滑轨倾角为31.77°,转速为21.09 r/min,单粒蚕蛹平均分选时间为5.13 s,准确率为95.97%,破损率为0.07%。样机试验结果表明,在最优参数下,利用卷积神经网络的全新轻量级雌雄识别分类模型,单粒蚕蛹平均分选时间为5.03 s,分选准确率为96.47%,破损率为0.09%,满足蚕蛹雌雄识别分选实际应用要求。该蚕蛹性腺图像在线采集与雌雄自动识别分选装置能够实现蚕蛹自动排序上料、蚕蛹带性腺图像在线采集、自动识别与雌雄自动分选的一体化,提高了蚕蛹雌雄自动识别分选的效率和准确率。研究结果可为雌雄蚕蛹自动识别分选装置的研发提供理论依据和技术支持。