Jute mallow is a nutritious leafy vegetable. The leaves are rich in proteins, vitamins and essential amino acids. Molecular characterization of Jute mallow with focus on improvement of leaf yield is scarcely reported....Jute mallow is a nutritious leafy vegetable. The leaves are rich in proteins, vitamins and essential amino acids. Molecular characterization of Jute mallow with focus on improvement of leaf yield is scarcely reported. In the present study, inter sequence simple repeats (ISSR) molecular markers were employed to assess genetic diversity and relationships of 83 accessions of Jute mallow from different parts of Africa and Asia conserved at the World Vegetable Center East and Southern Africa. A total of 89 bands were amplified by 8 ISSR primers. Number of polymorphic bands per primer ranged from 2 to 6 with an average of 2.75 bands per primer. Polymorphic information content (PIC) values ranged from 0.390 to 0.760 with average of 0.53. Average Nei’s gene diversity (h) and Shannon’s information index (I) were 0.335 and 0.494 respectively. The highest pairwise genetic distance was 0.431 observed in a population from East Africa accessions. PC1 and PC2 axis explained 21.69% and 11.66% of the total variation respectively. UPGMA cluster analysis grouped the accessions into six main clusters at genetic similarity coefficient of 0.53 as standard value for classification. These results have important implications for jute mallow breeding and conservation.展开更多
There is an increasing global concern for adverse effects of inorganic fertilizer and pesticides applied to agricultural soils. This study investigated metal speciation in soil and health risk assessment of Jute mallo...There is an increasing global concern for adverse effects of inorganic fertilizer and pesticides applied to agricultural soils. This study investigated metal speciation in soil and health risk assessment of Jute mallow (Corchorus olitoriuos) from a farm settlement in Ikorodu, Lagos State. Soil samples were collected according to the set standard procedure, sequentially extracted and analyzed for selected heavy metals using standard methods. Results showed that chromium (Cr) was associated with reducible fraction (Fe-Mn) for top soil, while cadmium (Cd), manganese (Mn), and copper (Cu);lead (Pb) and nickel (Ni);and Cr were predominantly bound to carbonate, reducible and residual mineral components respectively for sub-soil. The results of Contamination Factor (CF), Contamination Degree (CD), Pollution Load Index (PLI) and Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo) showed that the soil samples were not polluted for all the investigated metals. The Cd level in the soil (13.54 ± 1.21 mg·kg﹣1) and vegetables (0.83 ± 0.05 mg·kg﹣1) were above the USEPA critical permissible limit of 3.0 mg·kg﹣1 and 0.1 - 1.2 mg·kg﹣1 respectively. The daily intake of estimated selected heavy metals from the vegetable ranged from 8.8 × 10﹣03 to 1.4 × 10﹣02 for adult and 3.8 × 10﹣03 to 1.1 × 10﹣02 for children while the Hazard Quotient (HQ) for adults ranged from 5.4 × 10﹣05 to 1.1 × 10﹣01 and that of children ranged from 8.3 × 10﹣03 to 1.4 × 10﹣02. The cancer risk (CR) values of heavy metals in the soil ranged from 1.02 × 10﹣11 to 9.90展开更多
Outlier detection is an important data screening type. RIM is a mechanism of outlier detection that identifies the contribution of data points in a regression model. A BIC-based RIM is essentially a technique develope...Outlier detection is an important data screening type. RIM is a mechanism of outlier detection that identifies the contribution of data points in a regression model. A BIC-based RIM is essentially a technique developed in this work to simultaneously detect influential data points and select optimal predictor variables. It is an addition to the body of existing literature in this area of study to both having an alternative to the AIC and Mallow’s Cp Statistic-based RIM as well as conditions of no influence, some sort of influence and perfectly single outlier data point in an entire data set which are proposed in this work. The method is implemented in R by an algorithm that iterates over all data points;deleting data points one at a time while computing BICs and selecting optimal predictors alongside RIMs. From the analyses done using evaporation data to compare the proposed method and the existing methods, the results show that the same data cases selected as having high influences by the two existing methods are also selected by the proposed method. The three methods show same performance;hence the relevance of the BIC-based RIM cannot be undermined.展开更多
Drying behaviour of Jew’s mallow leaves using an oven dryer was studied.The influence of drying temperatures(50,60 and 70C)on moisture content of the leaves at stable air velocity was considered.Five drying models,i...Drying behaviour of Jew’s mallow leaves using an oven dryer was studied.The influence of drying temperatures(50,60 and 70C)on moisture content of the leaves at stable air velocity was considered.Five drying models,including,simple exponential,Page,Two-term exponential,Logarithmic,and Wang and Singh were fitted to drying data.Two-term exponential model adequately express the drying behaviour of Jew’s mallow leaves.Effective moisture diffusivity of Jew’s mallow leaves ranged from 8.18×10^-8 to 1.13×10^-7m^2/s.Dependence of the computed effective diffusivity on oven temperature was obvious.The energy required for oven drying of Jew’s mallow leaves was found to be 14.84 kJ/mol.The L^*,a^*,b^*,DE,a^*/b^*colour characteristics of the dried leaves range from 31.8 to 32.87,-3.73 to-4.37,13.6 to 16.47,69.00 to 69.73,and-0.26 to-0.34 respectively.Oven drying conditions of 50℃150 min and 70℃90min resulted to dried leaves with desirable colour characteristics.展开更多
文摘Jute mallow is a nutritious leafy vegetable. The leaves are rich in proteins, vitamins and essential amino acids. Molecular characterization of Jute mallow with focus on improvement of leaf yield is scarcely reported. In the present study, inter sequence simple repeats (ISSR) molecular markers were employed to assess genetic diversity and relationships of 83 accessions of Jute mallow from different parts of Africa and Asia conserved at the World Vegetable Center East and Southern Africa. A total of 89 bands were amplified by 8 ISSR primers. Number of polymorphic bands per primer ranged from 2 to 6 with an average of 2.75 bands per primer. Polymorphic information content (PIC) values ranged from 0.390 to 0.760 with average of 0.53. Average Nei’s gene diversity (h) and Shannon’s information index (I) were 0.335 and 0.494 respectively. The highest pairwise genetic distance was 0.431 observed in a population from East Africa accessions. PC1 and PC2 axis explained 21.69% and 11.66% of the total variation respectively. UPGMA cluster analysis grouped the accessions into six main clusters at genetic similarity coefficient of 0.53 as standard value for classification. These results have important implications for jute mallow breeding and conservation.
文摘There is an increasing global concern for adverse effects of inorganic fertilizer and pesticides applied to agricultural soils. This study investigated metal speciation in soil and health risk assessment of Jute mallow (Corchorus olitoriuos) from a farm settlement in Ikorodu, Lagos State. Soil samples were collected according to the set standard procedure, sequentially extracted and analyzed for selected heavy metals using standard methods. Results showed that chromium (Cr) was associated with reducible fraction (Fe-Mn) for top soil, while cadmium (Cd), manganese (Mn), and copper (Cu);lead (Pb) and nickel (Ni);and Cr were predominantly bound to carbonate, reducible and residual mineral components respectively for sub-soil. The results of Contamination Factor (CF), Contamination Degree (CD), Pollution Load Index (PLI) and Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo) showed that the soil samples were not polluted for all the investigated metals. The Cd level in the soil (13.54 ± 1.21 mg·kg﹣1) and vegetables (0.83 ± 0.05 mg·kg﹣1) were above the USEPA critical permissible limit of 3.0 mg·kg﹣1 and 0.1 - 1.2 mg·kg﹣1 respectively. The daily intake of estimated selected heavy metals from the vegetable ranged from 8.8 × 10﹣03 to 1.4 × 10﹣02 for adult and 3.8 × 10﹣03 to 1.1 × 10﹣02 for children while the Hazard Quotient (HQ) for adults ranged from 5.4 × 10﹣05 to 1.1 × 10﹣01 and that of children ranged from 8.3 × 10﹣03 to 1.4 × 10﹣02. The cancer risk (CR) values of heavy metals in the soil ranged from 1.02 × 10﹣11 to 9.90
文摘Outlier detection is an important data screening type. RIM is a mechanism of outlier detection that identifies the contribution of data points in a regression model. A BIC-based RIM is essentially a technique developed in this work to simultaneously detect influential data points and select optimal predictor variables. It is an addition to the body of existing literature in this area of study to both having an alternative to the AIC and Mallow’s Cp Statistic-based RIM as well as conditions of no influence, some sort of influence and perfectly single outlier data point in an entire data set which are proposed in this work. The method is implemented in R by an algorithm that iterates over all data points;deleting data points one at a time while computing BICs and selecting optimal predictors alongside RIMs. From the analyses done using evaporation data to compare the proposed method and the existing methods, the results show that the same data cases selected as having high influences by the two existing methods are also selected by the proposed method. The three methods show same performance;hence the relevance of the BIC-based RIM cannot be undermined.
文摘Drying behaviour of Jew’s mallow leaves using an oven dryer was studied.The influence of drying temperatures(50,60 and 70C)on moisture content of the leaves at stable air velocity was considered.Five drying models,including,simple exponential,Page,Two-term exponential,Logarithmic,and Wang and Singh were fitted to drying data.Two-term exponential model adequately express the drying behaviour of Jew’s mallow leaves.Effective moisture diffusivity of Jew’s mallow leaves ranged from 8.18×10^-8 to 1.13×10^-7m^2/s.Dependence of the computed effective diffusivity on oven temperature was obvious.The energy required for oven drying of Jew’s mallow leaves was found to be 14.84 kJ/mol.The L^*,a^*,b^*,DE,a^*/b^*colour characteristics of the dried leaves range from 31.8 to 32.87,-3.73 to-4.37,13.6 to 16.47,69.00 to 69.73,and-0.26 to-0.34 respectively.Oven drying conditions of 50℃150 min and 70℃90min resulted to dried leaves with desirable colour characteristics.
