AIM To determine the expression and localization of the electrogenic Na^+/HCO_3^- cotransporter(NBC1) in rat pancreas during development. METHODS The rat pancreas from postnatal and embryos removed from the uterus of ...AIM To determine the expression and localization of the electrogenic Na^+/HCO_3^- cotransporter(NBC1) in rat pancreas during development. METHODS The rat pancreas from postnatal and embryos removed from the uterus of pregnant rats that had been sacrificed by CO2 asphyxiation were used. Rat pancreas from embryonic day(E) 15.5 and E18.5 rat embryos was isolated under a stereomicroscope. Rat pancreas from postnatal(P) days 0, 7, 14, 21 and adult was directly isolated by the unaided eye. The RT-PCR analysis of the NBC1 specific region on rat pancreastissues from different developmental stages. The two antibodies which target the NBC1 common COOHterminal region and NH2-terminal region detected a clear band of about 145 k Da in the Western blot analysis. The localization of NBC1 was examined by immuno-fluorescence detection. RESULTS The results revealed the first peak of NBC1 expression at E18.5 and the second peak at P14. Meanwhile, the low NBC1 expression occurred at P7 and adult stages. Our results demonstrated, for the first time, the presence of NBC1 in the plasma membrane of β and α cells, as well as in the basolateral membrane of acinar cells of the rat pancreas at different stages of development. CONCLUSION The data strongly suggests that NBC1 is diversely expressed in the pancreas at different developmental stages, where it may exert its functions in pancreatic development especially islet cell growth through HCO_3^- transport and pH regulation.展开更多
In the economic structure of our country, small and medium-sized enterprises （SMEs） are the most important part of the backbone, with the continuous popularization of the Internet, e-commerce has gradually become a ...In the economic structure of our country, small and medium-sized enterprises （SMEs） are the most important part of the backbone, with the continuous popularization of the Internet, e-commerce has gradually become a business model that the current small and medium enterprises must face and accept, The development of enterprises is of great signifi cance. In this context, the article first introduced the importance of the development of e-commerce SMEs, and then based on the actual operation of the community put forward and analyzed the current e-commerce development under the existing problems, and finally based on the actual lack of effective Development Strategy of E - commerce for Small and Medium - sized Enterprises.展开更多
The inspection and quarantine standard is one of important basics to executeinspection and quarantine by laws. In recent years, with the development of economy and trade inChina, standardization has played an importan...The inspection and quarantine standard is one of important basics to executeinspection and quarantine by laws. In recent years, with the development of economy and trade inChina, standardization has played an important role in inspection and quarantine. During 2002-2004,department of Standards of Inspection and Quarantine, Certification and Accreditation Administrationof China has organized the research of the standards of inspection and quarantine, and has builtstandard sub- systems of nine fields in inspection and quarantine.展开更多
The 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China was held inNovember 2002. In the five years since then, great changes took place in Chinesepower industry. Power institutional reform was deepened; the constr...The 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China was held inNovember 2002. In the five years since then, great changes took place in Chinesepower industry. Power institutional reform was deepened; the construction ofboth power sources and power grids was speeded up; the tense situation of powersupply and demand was alleviated; the safety and reliability of power productionwere improved; the management on power tariff was standardized; environmentalprotection and energy conservation achieved good results; researches on newtechnologies made new achievements; and the operation of enterprises was im-proved.展开更多
According to the prime task of ''readjusting industrial structure,energetically developing service industry, completing service standards and promoting servicelevel'', which are raised in the 10th Five...According to the prime task of ''readjusting industrial structure,energetically developing service industry, completing service standards and promoting servicelevel'', which are raised in the 10th Five-Year Plan Outline of National Economy and SocialDevelopment, Standardization Administration of China (SAC), National Development and ReformCommission, Ministry of Civil Affairs of the People'' s Republic of China, Ministry of Constructionof P.R.C, Ministry of Commerce of the People''s Republic of China, Ministry of Culture of the People''s Republic of China, the People''s Bank of China, General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of P.R.C (AQSIQ), the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television,State General Administration of Sport, National Tourism Administration, China Seismological Bureau,China Meteorological Administration, China Insurance Regulatory Commission, State Post Bureau, StateCultural Relics, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Bureau, China NationalTechnical Committee 264 on Service of Standardization Administration of China, China Consumers''Association and China National Institute of Standardization had compiled and officially ratified theDevelopment Planning of National Service Standard 2005-2008 by the end of 2005.展开更多
Shape is an important quality index of cold rolling strip. Up to now, many problems in the shape control domain have not been solved satisfactorily, and a review on the research progress in the shape control domain ca...Shape is an important quality index of cold rolling strip. Up to now, many problems in the shape control domain have not been solved satisfactorily, and a review on the research progress in the shape control domain can help to seek new breakthrough directions. In the past 10 years, researches and applications of shape control models, shape control means, shape detection technology, and shape con- trol system have achieved significant progress. In the aspect of shape control models, the researches in the past improve the accuracy, speed and robustness of the models. The intelligentization of shape control models should be strengthened in the future. In the aspect of the shape control means, the researches in the past focus on the roll opti- mization, mill type selection, process optimization, local strip shape control, edge drop control, and so on. In the future, more attention should be paid to the coordination control of both strip shape and other quality indexes, and the refinement of control objective should be strengthened. In the aspects of shape detection technology and shape control system, some new types of shape detection meters and shape control systems are developed and have successfully indus- trial applications. In the future, the standardization of shape detection technology and shape control system should be promoted to solve the problem of compatibility. In general,the four expected development trends of shape control for cold roiling strip in the future are intelligentization, coordi- nation, refinement, and standardization. The proposed research provides new breakthrough directions for improv- ing shape quality.展开更多
Bumetanide has been shown to lessen cerebral edema and reduce the infarct area in the acute stage of cerebral ischemia. Few studies focus on the effects of bumetanide on neuroprotection and neurogenesis in the chronic...Bumetanide has been shown to lessen cerebral edema and reduce the infarct area in the acute stage of cerebral ischemia. Few studies focus on the effects of bumetanide on neuroprotection and neurogenesis in the chronic stage of cerebral ischemia. We established a rat model of cerebral ischemia by injecting endothelin-1 in the left cortical motor area and left corpus striatum. Seven days later, bumetanide 200 μg/kg/day was injected into the lateral ventricle for 21 consecutive days with a mini-osmotic pump. Results demonstrated that the number of neuroblasts cells and the total length of dendrites increased, escape latency reduced, and the number of platform crossings increased in the rat hippocampal dentate gyrus in the chronic stage of cerebral ischemia. These findings suggest that bumetanide promoted neural precursor cell regeneration, dendritic development and the recovery of cognitive function, and protected brain tissue in the chronic stage of ischemia.展开更多
K You 48-2 is a new combination of early hybrid rice with good grain quality and high yield, developed by combining male sterile line K-Qing A having japonica cytoplasm and indica genome and restorer line Ce 48-2. In ...K You 48-2 is a new combination of early hybrid rice with good grain quality and high yield, developed by combining male sterile line K-Qing A having japonica cytoplasm and indica genome and restorer line Ce 48-2. In the regional trial of Hubei Province in 1991, its yield was 4.4% higher than that of the CK Weiyou 48-2, being significant at 0.05 level. In the same year, in another regional trial of Sichuan Province, its yield was 8.9% higher than that of the CK Weiyou 48-2, being significant at 0.01 level. It has the highest yield among all tested varieties in both provincial trials. It has shown good grain quality with 60% head rice recovery and moderate resistance to rice blast.展开更多
Yuan Longping proposed that smash-ridging technology could be extend-ed widely nationwide. ln the research, smash-ridging technology reconstruct cultiva-tion layers with loose soils in agricultural fields, creating ＂...Yuan Longping proposed that smash-ridging technology could be extend-ed widely nationwide. ln the research, smash-ridging technology reconstruct cultiva-tion layers with loose soils in agricultural fields, creating ＂4453＂ effects, as fol ows： ＂Four increases＂ include to increase loosen soil quantity in cultivation layers, soil nutri-ents use, ＂water pool＂ in soils, and ＂oxygen pool＂ in soils. Four reductions are to reduce soil erosion, carbon emission, salt content and heavy metal in soils. Five resistances refer to improve crop resistance capacity in terms of drought, high tem-perature, lower temperature, disease and lodging. Three improvements indicate to enhance photosynthetic efficiency over 10%, yield in 10%-30% and quality over 5%. lt is researched that without additional chemical fertilizer, yield could increase by 10% by labor force, animal, tractor or smash-ridging machine. What’s more, by smash-ridging cultivation, the depth can be 20 times or higher compared with tractor cultivation, with looser soils. lt is estimated that if smash-ridging cultivation is applied once in agricultural lands in China, present soil layers can be twice as deep as present. Specifical y, the thickness of loose soil-layers could be extended from 10-18 cm at present to 25-35 cm, and natural rainfal would increase by 40 bil ion cm3. After vitalization of soil nutrients, chemical fertilizer would decrease by 7 bil ion kg, and the increased c rops would feed more than 300 mil ion population as per yield at 7 50 kg/hm2.展开更多
To explore the differences of carbohydrate metabolism in two tomato species and discuss the possible regulation of 14-3-3 proteins on the sucrose phosphate synthase （SPS） activity, we determined the contents of solu...To explore the differences of carbohydrate metabolism in two tomato species and discuss the possible regulation of 14-3-3 proteins on the sucrose phosphate synthase （SPS） activity, we determined the contents of soluble sugar and starch through high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）. The activities of sugar-metabolizing enzymes were assayed in desalted extract, and the relative expression levels of related genes in sugar metabolism were determined though real-time RT-PCR. The results indicated that glucose and fructose were mainly accumulated during the maturation of the fruit because of the high acid invertase （AI） and neutral invertase （NI） in Micro-Tom （Solanum lycopersicum） fruit, while in Solanum chmielewskii fruit, SPS which went along with the change of sucrose content led to the rapid sucrose increase during the fruit ripening. TFT1 and TFT10, belonging to 14-3-3 protein in tomato, were likely to down-regulated SPS activity during young and intumescence period.展开更多
OVATE family proteins(OFPs)are plant-specific proteins with a conserved OVATE domain that regulate plant growth and development.Although OFPs have been studied in several species,their biological functions remain larg...OVATE family proteins(OFPs)are plant-specific proteins with a conserved OVATE domain that regulate plant growth and development.Although OFPs have been studied in several species,their biological functions remain largely unknown in cucumber(Cucumis sativus L.).This study identified 19 Cs OFPs distributed on seven chromosomes in cucumber.Most Cs OFP genes were expressed in reproductive organs,but with different expression patterns.Ectopic expression of Cs OFP12-16c in Arabidopsis resulted in shorter and blunt siliques.The overall results indicated that Cs OFP12-16c regulates silique development in Arabidopsis and may have a similar function in cucumber.展开更多
The crowdsourcing, as a service pattern in cloud environment, usually aims at the cross-disciplinary cooperation and creating value together with customers and becomes increasingly prevalent. Software process, as a ki...The crowdsourcing, as a service pattern in cloud environment, usually aims at the cross-disciplinary cooperation and creating value together with customers and becomes increasingly prevalent. Software process, as a kind of software development and management strategy, is defined as a series of activities implemented by software life cycle and provides a set of rules for various phases of the software engineering to achieve the desired objectives. With the current software development cycle getting shorter, facing more frequent needs change and fierce competition, a new resource management pattern is proposed to respond to these issues agilely by introducing the crowdsourcing service to agile software development for pushing the agility of software process. Then, a user-oriented resource scheduling method is proposed for rational use of various resources in the process and maximizing the benefits of all parties. From the experimental results, the proposed pattern and resources scheduling method reduces greatly the resource of project resource manager and increases the team resource utilization rate, which greatly improves the agility of software process and delivers software products quickly in crowdsourcing pattern.展开更多
The active components associated with the bio-designer drugs known variously as “Spice” or “K2” have rapidly gained in popularity among recreational users, forcing the United States Drug Enforcement Administration...The active components associated with the bio-designer drugs known variously as “Spice” or “K2” have rapidly gained in popularity among recreational users, forcing the United States Drug Enforcement Administration to classify these compounds as Schedule I drugs in the Spring of 2011. However, although there is some information about many of the synthetic cannabinoids used in Spice products, little is known about the consequences of the main constituent, (1-pentyl-3-(1-naphthoyl)indole;JWH-018), on neuropsychological development or behavior. In the present experiment, adolescent rats were given repeated injections of either saline or 100 μg/kg of JWH-018. Once the animals were 75 days of age, they were trained using tasks with spatial components of various levels of difficulty and a spatial learning set task. On early trials with water maze tasks of varying difficulty, the JWH-018 treated rats were impaired relative to controls. However, by the end of each phase of testing, drug and control animals were comparable, although on probe trials the drug-treated animals spent significantly less time in the target quadrant. In addition, the performance of the drug-treated rats was inferior to that of the control animals on a learning set task, suggesting some difficulty in adapting their responses to changing task demands. The results suggest that chronic exposure to this potent cannabinoid CB1 receptor agonist during adolescence is capable of producing a variety of subtle changes affecting spatial learning and memory performance in adulthood, well after the drug exposure period.展开更多
The Notch signaling pathway plays a central role in the development of various organisms.However,dysregulation of microRNAs(miRNAs),which are crucial regulators of gene expression,can disrupt signaling pathways at all...The Notch signaling pathway plays a central role in the development of various organisms.However,dysregulation of microRNAs(miRNAs),which are crucial regulators of gene expression,can disrupt signaling pathways at all stages of development.Although Notch signaling is involved in wing development in Drosophila,the mechanism underlying miRNA-based regulation of the Notch signaling pathway is unclear.Here,we report that loss of Drosophila miR-252 increases the size of adult wings,whereas the overexpression of miR-252 in specific compartments of larval wing discs leads to patterning defects in the adult wings.The miR-252 overexpression-induced wing phenotypes were caused by aberrant Notch signaling with intracellular accumulation of the full-length Notch receptor during development,which could be due to defects in intracellular Notch trafficking associated with its recycling to the plasma membrane and autophagy-mediated degradation.Moreover,we identified Rab6 as a direct target of miR-252-5p;Rab6 encodes a small Ras-like GTPase that regulates endosomal trafficking pathways.Consistent with this finding,RNAi-mediated downregulation of Rab6 led to similar defects in both wing patterning and Notch signaling.Notably,co-overexpression of Rab6 completely rescued the wing phenotype associated with miR-252 overexpression,further supporting that Rab6 is a biologically relevant target of miR-252-5p in the context of wing development.Thus,our data indicate that the miR-252-5p-Rab6 regulatory axis is involved in Drosophila wing development by controlling the Notch signaling pathway.展开更多
(Continued from volume 6 Number 2 June 1990)74.“Architecture and Environment”Shixing BaoChina City Planning Reviewvol.3,no.2December 1986,pp.56-63Uses Beijing as an example to discusspreservation problems generally....(Continued from volume 6 Number 2 June 1990)74.“Architecture and Environment”Shixing BaoChina City Planning Reviewvol.3,no.2December 1986,pp.56-63Uses Beijing as an example to discusspreservation problems generally.Two usefulmaps with height control areas for inner cityand city as a whole.75.“Awaiting That Bus”Beijing Reviewvol.29,no.3January 20,1986,p.展开更多
基金Supported by Development of Medical Science and Technology Project of Jiangsu Province,No.YKK13205
文摘AIM To determine the expression and localization of the electrogenic Na^+/HCO_3^- cotransporter(NBC1) in rat pancreas during development. METHODS The rat pancreas from postnatal and embryos removed from the uterus of pregnant rats that had been sacrificed by CO2 asphyxiation were used. Rat pancreas from embryonic day(E) 15.5 and E18.5 rat embryos was isolated under a stereomicroscope. Rat pancreas from postnatal(P) days 0, 7, 14, 21 and adult was directly isolated by the unaided eye. The RT-PCR analysis of the NBC1 specific region on rat pancreastissues from different developmental stages. The two antibodies which target the NBC1 common COOHterminal region and NH2-terminal region detected a clear band of about 145 k Da in the Western blot analysis. The localization of NBC1 was examined by immuno-fluorescence detection. RESULTS The results revealed the first peak of NBC1 expression at E18.5 and the second peak at P14. Meanwhile, the low NBC1 expression occurred at P7 and adult stages. Our results demonstrated, for the first time, the presence of NBC1 in the plasma membrane of β and α cells, as well as in the basolateral membrane of acinar cells of the rat pancreas at different stages of development. CONCLUSION The data strongly suggests that NBC1 is diversely expressed in the pancreas at different developmental stages, where it may exert its functions in pancreatic development especially islet cell growth through HCO_3^- transport and pH regulation.
文摘In the economic structure of our country, small and medium-sized enterprises （SMEs） are the most important part of the backbone, with the continuous popularization of the Internet, e-commerce has gradually become a business model that the current small and medium enterprises must face and accept, The development of enterprises is of great signifi cance. In this context, the article first introduced the importance of the development of e-commerce SMEs, and then based on the actual operation of the community put forward and analyzed the current e-commerce development under the existing problems, and finally based on the actual lack of effective Development Strategy of E - commerce for Small and Medium - sized Enterprises.
文摘The inspection and quarantine standard is one of important basics to executeinspection and quarantine by laws. In recent years, with the development of economy and trade inChina, standardization has played an important role in inspection and quarantine. During 2002-2004,department of Standards of Inspection and Quarantine, Certification and Accreditation Administrationof China has organized the research of the standards of inspection and quarantine, and has builtstandard sub- systems of nine fields in inspection and quarantine.
文摘The 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China was held inNovember 2002. In the five years since then, great changes took place in Chinesepower industry. Power institutional reform was deepened; the construction ofboth power sources and power grids was speeded up; the tense situation of powersupply and demand was alleviated; the safety and reliability of power productionwere improved; the management on power tariff was standardized; environmentalprotection and energy conservation achieved good results; researches on newtechnologies made new achievements; and the operation of enterprises was im-proved.
文摘According to the prime task of ''readjusting industrial structure,energetically developing service industry, completing service standards and promoting servicelevel'', which are raised in the 10th Five-Year Plan Outline of National Economy and SocialDevelopment, Standardization Administration of China (SAC), National Development and ReformCommission, Ministry of Civil Affairs of the People'' s Republic of China, Ministry of Constructionof P.R.C, Ministry of Commerce of the People''s Republic of China, Ministry of Culture of the People''s Republic of China, the People''s Bank of China, General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of P.R.C (AQSIQ), the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television,State General Administration of Sport, National Tourism Administration, China Seismological Bureau,China Meteorological Administration, China Insurance Regulatory Commission, State Post Bureau, StateCultural Relics, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Bureau, China NationalTechnical Committee 264 on Service of Standardization Administration of China, China Consumers''Association and China National Institute of Standardization had compiled and officially ratified theDevelopment Planning of National Service Standard 2005-2008 by the end of 2005.
基金Supported by National Key Technology Support Program of China (Grant No. 2011BAF15B00)Hebei Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. E2016203482)+1 种基金Hebei Provincial Science and Technology Research Foundation of China (Grant No. ZD2014034)Youth Independent Research Program of Yanshan University of China (Grant No. 14LGA003)
文摘Shape is an important quality index of cold rolling strip. Up to now, many problems in the shape control domain have not been solved satisfactorily, and a review on the research progress in the shape control domain can help to seek new breakthrough directions. In the past 10 years, researches and applications of shape control models, shape control means, shape detection technology, and shape con- trol system have achieved significant progress. In the aspect of shape control models, the researches in the past improve the accuracy, speed and robustness of the models. The intelligentization of shape control models should be strengthened in the future. In the aspect of the shape control means, the researches in the past focus on the roll opti- mization, mill type selection, process optimization, local strip shape control, edge drop control, and so on. In the future, more attention should be paid to the coordination control of both strip shape and other quality indexes, and the refinement of control objective should be strengthened. In the aspects of shape detection technology and shape control system, some new types of shape detection meters and shape control systems are developed and have successfully indus- trial applications. In the future, the standardization of shape detection technology and shape control system should be promoted to solve the problem of compatibility. In general,the four expected development trends of shape control for cold roiling strip in the future are intelligentization, coordi- nation, refinement, and standardization. The proposed research provides new breakthrough directions for improv- ing shape quality.
文摘Bumetanide has been shown to lessen cerebral edema and reduce the infarct area in the acute stage of cerebral ischemia. Few studies focus on the effects of bumetanide on neuroprotection and neurogenesis in the chronic stage of cerebral ischemia. We established a rat model of cerebral ischemia by injecting endothelin-1 in the left cortical motor area and left corpus striatum. Seven days later, bumetanide 200 μg/kg/day was injected into the lateral ventricle for 21 consecutive days with a mini-osmotic pump. Results demonstrated that the number of neuroblasts cells and the total length of dendrites increased, escape latency reduced, and the number of platform crossings increased in the rat hippocampal dentate gyrus in the chronic stage of cerebral ischemia. These findings suggest that bumetanide promoted neural precursor cell regeneration, dendritic development and the recovery of cognitive function, and protected brain tissue in the chronic stage of ischemia.
文摘K You 48-2 is a new combination of early hybrid rice with good grain quality and high yield, developed by combining male sterile line K-Qing A having japonica cytoplasm and indica genome and restorer line Ce 48-2. In the regional trial of Hubei Province in 1991, its yield was 4.4% higher than that of the CK Weiyou 48-2, being significant at 0.05 level. In the same year, in another regional trial of Sichuan Province, its yield was 8.9% higher than that of the CK Weiyou 48-2, being significant at 0.01 level. It has the highest yield among all tested varieties in both provincial trials. It has shown good grain quality with 60% head rice recovery and moderate resistance to rice blast.
基金Supported by the Key Project of Science and Technology of Guangxi(1222014-2C)Achievements Transformation Project of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Science and Technology(201405)Fundamental Research Funds for Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Science and Technology(2014YZ07)~~
文摘Yuan Longping proposed that smash-ridging technology could be extend-ed widely nationwide. ln the research, smash-ridging technology reconstruct cultiva-tion layers with loose soils in agricultural fields, creating ＂4453＂ effects, as fol ows： ＂Four increases＂ include to increase loosen soil quantity in cultivation layers, soil nutri-ents use, ＂water pool＂ in soils, and ＂oxygen pool＂ in soils. Four reductions are to reduce soil erosion, carbon emission, salt content and heavy metal in soils. Five resistances refer to improve crop resistance capacity in terms of drought, high tem-perature, lower temperature, disease and lodging. Three improvements indicate to enhance photosynthetic efficiency over 10%, yield in 10%-30% and quality over 5%. lt is researched that without additional chemical fertilizer, yield could increase by 10% by labor force, animal, tractor or smash-ridging machine. What’s more, by smash-ridging cultivation, the depth can be 20 times or higher compared with tractor cultivation, with looser soils. lt is estimated that if smash-ridging cultivation is applied once in agricultural lands in China, present soil layers can be twice as deep as present. Specifical y, the thickness of loose soil-layers could be extended from 10-18 cm at present to 25-35 cm, and natural rainfal would increase by 40 bil ion cm3. After vitalization of soil nutrients, chemical fertilizer would decrease by 7 bil ion kg, and the increased c rops would feed more than 300 mil ion population as per yield at 7 50 kg/hm2.
基金supported by the Key Technologies R&D Program of China during the 12th Five-Year Plan period(2011BAD12B03)
文摘To explore the differences of carbohydrate metabolism in two tomato species and discuss the possible regulation of 14-3-3 proteins on the sucrose phosphate synthase （SPS） activity, we determined the contents of soluble sugar and starch through high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）. The activities of sugar-metabolizing enzymes were assayed in desalted extract, and the relative expression levels of related genes in sugar metabolism were determined though real-time RT-PCR. The results indicated that glucose and fructose were mainly accumulated during the maturation of the fruit because of the high acid invertase （AI） and neutral invertase （NI） in Micro-Tom （Solanum lycopersicum） fruit, while in Solanum chmielewskii fruit, SPS which went along with the change of sucrose content led to the rapid sucrose increase during the fruit ripening. TFT1 and TFT10, belonging to 14-3-3 protein in tomato, were likely to down-regulated SPS activity during young and intumescence period.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31772315 and 31572132)the Construction of Beijing Science and Technology Innovation and Service Capacity in Top Subjects,China(CEFF-PXM2019_014207_000032)。
文摘OVATE family proteins(OFPs)are plant-specific proteins with a conserved OVATE domain that regulate plant growth and development.Although OFPs have been studied in several species,their biological functions remain largely unknown in cucumber(Cucumis sativus L.).This study identified 19 Cs OFPs distributed on seven chromosomes in cucumber.Most Cs OFP genes were expressed in reproductive organs,but with different expression patterns.Ectopic expression of Cs OFP12-16c in Arabidopsis resulted in shorter and blunt siliques.The overall results indicated that Cs OFP12-16c regulates silique development in Arabidopsis and may have a similar function in cucumber.
基金Projects(61304184,61672221)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2016JJ6010)supported by the Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘The crowdsourcing, as a service pattern in cloud environment, usually aims at the cross-disciplinary cooperation and creating value together with customers and becomes increasingly prevalent. Software process, as a kind of software development and management strategy, is defined as a series of activities implemented by software life cycle and provides a set of rules for various phases of the software engineering to achieve the desired objectives. With the current software development cycle getting shorter, facing more frequent needs change and fierce competition, a new resource management pattern is proposed to respond to these issues agilely by introducing the crowdsourcing service to agile software development for pushing the agility of software process. Then, a user-oriented resource scheduling method is proposed for rational use of various resources in the process and maximizing the benefits of all parties. From the experimental results, the proposed pattern and resources scheduling method reduces greatly the resource of project resource manager and increases the team resource utilization rate, which greatly improves the agility of software process and delivers software products quickly in crowdsourcing pattern.
文摘The active components associated with the bio-designer drugs known variously as “Spice” or “K2” have rapidly gained in popularity among recreational users, forcing the United States Drug Enforcement Administration to classify these compounds as Schedule I drugs in the Spring of 2011. However, although there is some information about many of the synthetic cannabinoids used in Spice products, little is known about the consequences of the main constituent, (1-pentyl-3-(1-naphthoyl)indole;JWH-018), on neuropsychological development or behavior. In the present experiment, adolescent rats were given repeated injections of either saline or 100 μg/kg of JWH-018. Once the animals were 75 days of age, they were trained using tasks with spatial components of various levels of difficulty and a spatial learning set task. On early trials with water maze tasks of varying difficulty, the JWH-018 treated rats were impaired relative to controls. However, by the end of each phase of testing, drug and control animals were comparable, although on probe trials the drug-treated animals spent significantly less time in the target quadrant. In addition, the performance of the drug-treated rats was inferior to that of the control animals on a learning set task, suggesting some difficulty in adapting their responses to changing task demands. The results suggest that chronic exposure to this potent cannabinoid CB1 receptor agonist during adolescence is capable of producing a variety of subtle changes affecting spatial learning and memory performance in adulthood, well after the drug exposure period.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korea Government(MSIT)(2021R1F1A1059864 to D-H.L.and 2021R1A2C1006353 to Y.S.L.)a Korea University Grant(to Y.S.L.).
文摘The Notch signaling pathway plays a central role in the development of various organisms.However,dysregulation of microRNAs(miRNAs),which are crucial regulators of gene expression,can disrupt signaling pathways at all stages of development.Although Notch signaling is involved in wing development in Drosophila,the mechanism underlying miRNA-based regulation of the Notch signaling pathway is unclear.Here,we report that loss of Drosophila miR-252 increases the size of adult wings,whereas the overexpression of miR-252 in specific compartments of larval wing discs leads to patterning defects in the adult wings.The miR-252 overexpression-induced wing phenotypes were caused by aberrant Notch signaling with intracellular accumulation of the full-length Notch receptor during development,which could be due to defects in intracellular Notch trafficking associated with its recycling to the plasma membrane and autophagy-mediated degradation.Moreover,we identified Rab6 as a direct target of miR-252-5p;Rab6 encodes a small Ras-like GTPase that regulates endosomal trafficking pathways.Consistent with this finding,RNAi-mediated downregulation of Rab6 led to similar defects in both wing patterning and Notch signaling.Notably,co-overexpression of Rab6 completely rescued the wing phenotype associated with miR-252 overexpression,further supporting that Rab6 is a biologically relevant target of miR-252-5p in the context of wing development.Thus,our data indicate that the miR-252-5p-Rab6 regulatory axis is involved in Drosophila wing development by controlling the Notch signaling pathway.
文摘(Continued from volume 6 Number 2 June 1990)74.“Architecture and Environment”Shixing BaoChina City Planning Reviewvol.3,no.2December 1986,pp.56-63Uses Beijing as an example to discusspreservation problems generally.Two usefulmaps with height control areas for inner cityand city as a whole.75.“Awaiting That Bus”Beijing Reviewvol.29,no.3January 20,1986,p.
