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The Contribution of Hemispherical Photographs to Understand Natural Forest Regeneration in the AKAK Forest Area
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作者 Agbor James Ayamba Nkwatoh Athanasius Fuashi Kamah Pascal Bumtu 《Open Journal of Forestry》 2024年第3期313-326,共14页
Examining the contribution of hemispherical photographs in the understanding of Natural forest regeneration is very important in estimating the future forest structure, composition and to enforce conservation regulati... Examining the contribution of hemispherical photographs in the understanding of Natural forest regeneration is very important in estimating the future forest structure, composition and to enforce conservation regulations. This study sets out to examine the interaction between stump sprouting, LAI, site and canopy openness for the entire AKAK forest area and for the logging compartments;2013, 2015 and 2017 respectively. 49 sprouted stump were identified randonly. 20 m × 20 m plots were demarcated along a canopy gaps for each sprouted stump, the plots were established in such a manner that the sprouted stumps will be in the middle. For each of the selected 49 sprouted stump, indirect measurements of canopy cover were performed in the 49 plots of 20 m × 20 m (0.04 ha), giving a total of 1.96 ha of land covered. Galaxy S3 smartphone with a built-in Infinix ZERO 4 fish-eye lens with 198˚ view angle equidistant projection was used to take photos. The fish-eye lens was mounted on the phone camera and photograph were taken at a fixed height of 1.3 m. Results revealed that, the combine Principal Component Factor Analysis (2013, 2015 and 2017) of the correlation matrix for Sprout, Years, LAI 4%, LAI 5%, Canopy and Site openness, shows that factor 1 explained 62.6% of total variance while factor 2 explained 17.9% together explain 80.05% Communalities. For the year 2013, 2015 and 2017 respectively shows that there is a very strong correlation (p p < 0.0005) between LAI4 and LAI5. 展开更多
关键词 Hemispherical Photographs natural forest regeneration AKAK forest
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Natural regeneration characteristics of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica forests on sandy land in Honghuaerji, China 被引量:20
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作者 ZHU Jiao-jun KANG Hong-zhang +2 位作者 TAN Hui XU Mei-ling WANG Jun 《Journal of Forestry Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2005年第4期253-259,共7页
Natural regeneration in Mongolian pine, Pinus sylvesttis var. mongolica, forest at Honghuaerji of China (the original of the natural Mongolian pine, forest on sandy land) was studied in 2004. The total mean values o... Natural regeneration in Mongolian pine, Pinus sylvesttis var. mongolica, forest at Honghuaerji of China (the original of the natural Mongolian pine, forest on sandy land) was studied in 2004. The total mean values of regeneration indexes were higher in mature stands (more than 80% individual stems were older than 50 years), the maximum of regeneration index reached 29 seedlings, m^ 2, with lowest values in the younger stand, e.g., in 32-year old and 43-year old stands. The stand age was an important factor determining the natural regeneration, which was the best in the older stands in this investigation (e.g. about 80-year old). The regeneration index seemed not to be closely in relation to canopy openness although Mongolian pine is a photophilic tree species. In each type of gaps, natural regeneration was very well. Regeneration indexes were satisfactory at the south and east edges in the circle gaps; and at the east edge of the narrow-square gaps. Results indicated that Mongolian pine, seedlings could endure shading understory, but it would not enter the canopy layer without gap or large disturbance, e.g., fire, wind/snow damage or clear cutting etc. These results may provide potentially references to the management and afforestation of Mongolian pine, plantations on sandy land in arid and semi-arid areas. Researches such as the comprehensive comparisons on regeneration, structure and ecological conditions and so on between natural Mongolian pine, forests and plantations should be conducted in the future. 展开更多
关键词 Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica Mongolian pine Sandy land natural regeneration Canopy openness forest gap regeneration index
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A comparative assessment on regeneration status of indigenous woody plants in Eucalyptus grandis plantation and adjacent natural forest 被引量:4
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作者 Shiferaw Alem Tadesse Woldemariam 《Journal of Forestry Research》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2009年第1期31-36,共6页
Diversity, density and species composition of naturally regenerated woody plants under Eucalyptus grandis plantation and the adjacent natural forest were investigated and compared. Twenty plots, with an area of 20 m &... Diversity, density and species composition of naturally regenerated woody plants under Eucalyptus grandis plantation and the adjacent natural forest were investigated and compared. Twenty plots, with an area of 20 m × 20 m for each, were established in both of E. grand& plantation and adjacent natural forest, independently. In each plot, species name, abundance, diameter and height were recorded. Numbers of seedling were collected in five sub-plots (4 m2) within each major plot. A total of 46 species in the plantation, and 52 species in the natural forest, which belongs to 36 families were recorded. The diversity of species (H') is 2.19 in the plantation and 2.74 in the natural forest. The density of understory woody plant was 3842 stems/ha in the plantation and 4122 stems/ha in the natural forest. The densities of seedlings in the natural forest and the plantation were 8101 stems/ha and 4151 stems/ha, respectively. High similarity of woody species composition was found between the natural forest and the plantation. The E. grand& plantation was found favoring the regeneration and growth of Millitiaferruginia and Coffea arabica in a much better way than other underneath woody species. 展开更多
关键词 E. grandis natural forest natural regeneration PLANTATION woody species diversity
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Natural regeneration in logging gaps of different sizes in Subri River Forest Reserve(Ghana) 被引量:1
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作者 Maame Esi Hammond Radek Pokorný +1 位作者 Simon Abugre Augustine Gyedu 《Journal of Forestry Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2022年第4期1157-1174,共18页
Subri River Forest Reserve(SR)is the most extensive forest area in Ghana with an accompanying rich floral species.Over the years,logging from both legally prescribed and illegal operations remain the predominant fores... Subri River Forest Reserve(SR)is the most extensive forest area in Ghana with an accompanying rich floral species.Over the years,logging from both legally prescribed and illegal operations remain the predominant forest disturbance in SR.Gap creation following logging is crucial in determining tree species composition and diversity.Hence,the study evaluated the composition and diversity of naturally regenerated tree species in logging gaps of different sizes and,again examined the roles of these tree species in fulfilling the economic and ecological agenda of sustainable forest management after logging in SR.Twelve gaps were randomly selected:4 each were grouped into small size(≤200 m^(2)),medium size(201–300 m^(2)),and large size(≥300 m^(2)).Data were gathered from 1 m^(2) circular area at gap centres and repeatedly inside 1 m width strip along 20 m individual N-S-E-W transects.Species diversity differed significantly between gap sizes.Higher diversity indices were measured in large size gaps.Gap sizes shared similar species.There were significant differences among various height groupings of tree species across all three gap sizes.Pioneers preferred medium to large size gaps,while shadetolerant tree species preferred small size gaps for their abundance.Vulnerable and Lower Risk Near Threatened tree species under Conservation Status and,Premium and Commercial tree species under Utilisation Status preferred small size gaps for their proliferation and conservation.Therefore,we recommend the single tree-based selective logging for ensuring creations of small to medium size(200–300 m^(2))gaps through adjustments to the logging permit process,revision of Allocation Quota Permit,strict adherence to the 40-year polycyclic selection system,along with more dedicated enforcement and monitoring.Changes along these protocols would tremendously facilitate natural regeneration of different suites of timber species resulting in the improvement of the overall biodiversity conservation associated with the forest,more sustainable forest harvests and more income to those who receive permits. 展开更多
关键词 Conservation status Gap size DIVERSITY LOGGING natural regeneration Subri River forest Reserve Tree species Utilisation status
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Evaluation of natural forest regeneration as a part of land restoration in the Khentii massif,Mongolia
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作者 David Juricka Antonın Kusbach +6 位作者 Jana Parılkova Jakub Houska Pavlına Ambrozova Vaclav Pecina Zdena Rosicka Martin Brtnicky Jindrich Kynicky 《Journal of Forestry Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2020年第5期1773-1786,共14页
Forest stands in the semi-arid environment of northern Mongolia have an essential role in controlling ongoing desertification in the surrounding landscape.Over the last decade,the total forest area has decreased drama... Forest stands in the semi-arid environment of northern Mongolia have an essential role in controlling ongoing desertification in the surrounding landscape.Over the last decade,the total forest area has decreased dramatically.The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of natural regeneration as an essential element for ensuring sustainability of these forests.Based on field measurements from 120 plots in six sites,our assessment tool revealed five qualitative categories of forest regeneration,allowing us to assess impacts of both grazing and environmental conditions on the regeneration process.Grazing is a crucial factor and adversely affects regeneration.For sites with relatively low grazing intensity,low soil moisture levels represent the main reason for reduced regeneration.The approach to classification proposed in this study allows for the identification and interpretation of stand conditions where natural regeneration has failed.This study provides an important foundation to inform decisionmaking related to land protection and restoration actions.Our findings could be used in comparative studies and,importantly,may aid further mapping of Mongolian forests. 展开更多
关键词 Mongolia natural forest regeneration SEEDLINGS Larix sibirica Land restoration DESERTIFICATION
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Comparative regeneration status in a natural forest and enrichment plantations of Chittagong (south) forest division, Bangladesh
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作者 M. Kamal Hossain M. Lutfor Rahman +1 位作者 A. T. M. Rafiqul Hoque M. Khairul Alam 《Journal of Forestry Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2004年第4期255-260,共6页
The natural regeneration of the tree species in pure natural forest stand and enrichment plantations of Baraitali Forest of Chittagong (South) Forest Division, Bangladesh was studied by stratified random quadrat metho... The natural regeneration of the tree species in pure natural forest stand and enrichment plantations of Baraitali Forest of Chittagong (South) Forest Division, Bangladesh was studied by stratified random quadrat method during April 2002 to November 2002. Totally 100 plots of 3 m X 3 m in size represents a total of 64 regenerating tree species from natural forest with an average seedlings of 24767/hm2, while only 40 regenerating tree species were recorded from enrichment plan-tations with an average seedlings of 18633/hm2. Maximum regeneration in natural forest was found with Castanopsis spp. (2200 seedlings/hm2) followed by Glochidion lanceolarium (2183 /hm2) whereas, in enrichment plantations maximum regen-eration was found with Dipterocarpus gracilis (2117/hm2) followed by Anogeissus acuminata (2000/hm2). For natural forest, highest relative density was found for Castanopsis spp (8.88%), relative frequency for Glochidion lanceolarium (7.36%), rela-tive abundance for Syzygium spp. (3.79%) and Importance Value Index were recorded with Glochidion lanceolarium (18.24%). The corresponding values for enrichment plantations were highest with Dipterocarpus gracilis (11.36%), Glochidion lanceo-larium (9.71%), Dipterocarpus gracilis (5.92%), Glochidion lanceolarium (23.32%) respectively. Stem per hectare of some common trees with their seedlings and saplings in both the natural stands and enrichment plantations showed that only Dip-terocarpus gracilis successfully recruited in both sites but recruitment was higher in natural forest. Like many other primary rain forests, the Baraitoli forest typically has both substantial seedlings and soil seed bank from which regeneration may occur. The naturally regenerated seedlings are quite dense but it could not reach the pole stage due to human interference. 展开更多
关键词 regeneration natural forest Enrichment plantations Relative density Frequency ABUNDANCE Importance Value Index
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Natural Regeneration of Marker Species of the Tropical Dense Humid Ecosystems in the Loukaya Peri-Urban Forest, Brazzaville-Congo
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作者 Victor Kimpouni Jean de Dieu Nzila +3 位作者 Oracle Clément Tondo Bafouiri Ntsoni Ghislain Bileri-Bakala Josérald Chaîph Mamboueni Charmes Maïdet Massamba-Makanda 《Open Journal of Ecology》 2020年第10期664-687,共24页
The study aimed at evaluating the natural regeneration of some characteristic species in the Loukaya peri-urban forest was carried out in Brazzaville, over three surveys of one hectare each. The botanical inventory of... The study aimed at evaluating the natural regeneration of some characteristic species in the Loukaya peri-urban forest was carried out in Brazzaville, over three surveys of one hectare each. The botanical inventory of the 23 species monitored covers the subjects of 2 ≤ d<sup>0.20</sup> < 10 cm and d<sup>1.30</sup> ≥ 10 cm. The study shows 1255 individuals of which 68.27% are 2 ≤ d<sup>0.20</sup> < 10 cm. While being tropophilic and mesophilic, this ecosystem is pauciflorous and paucispecific. The phytoecological data show that this formation, which is a link in the African dense humid forest, presents values far below those known elsewhere;while being faithful to the forests of the Cataractes Plateau. As for the rate of natural regeneration, this index is greater than or equal to 100 for 69.56% of the taxa. Sarcochores and heliophytes are the taxa that best support this natural regeneration. This high rate of regeneration would be correlated with the high level of anthropization, whose large canopy gaps are accompanied by a flow of light conducive to the installation of seedlings. 展开更多
关键词 CONGO Biodiversity Index Peri-Urban forest Phytoecology natural regeneration
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Success factors for high-quality oak forest(Quercus robur, Q. petraea) regeneration
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作者 Andreas M?lder Holger Sennhenn-Reulen +4 位作者 Christoph Fischer Hendrik Rumpf Egbert Sch?nfelder Johannes Stockmann Ralf-Volker Nagel 《Forest Ecosystems》 SCIE CSCD 2019年第4期367-383,共17页
Background: Within the framework of close-to-nature forestry, oak forest(Quercus robur, Q. petraea) regeneration techniques that consider both silvicultural and nature conservation demands have become a very important... Background: Within the framework of close-to-nature forestry, oak forest(Quercus robur, Q. petraea) regeneration techniques that consider both silvicultural and nature conservation demands have become a very important issue.While there are many experimental and local studies that aim at disentangling the relationships between different environmental and silvicultural factors and the success of oak regeneration, systematic supra-regional studies at the greater landscape level are missing so far.Against this background, the first objective(a) of this study was to present an efficient and sufficiently accurate sampling scheme for supra-regional forest regrowth inventories, which we applied to young oaks stands. The second, and major, objective(b) was to identify the crucial success factors for high-quality oak forest regeneration in northwest Germany.Results: Objective(a): Factors that have been identified as potentially crucial for the success or failure of oak regeneration were either included in a field inventory procedure or extracted from forest inventory databases. We found that the collected data were suitable to be analyzed in a three-step success model, which was aimed at identifying the crucial success factors for high-quality oak forest regeneration.Objective(b): Our modeling procedure, which included a Bayesian estimation approach with spike-and-slab priors,revealed that competitive pressure from the secondary tree species was the most decisive success factor;no competition, or low competition by secondary tree species appeared to be particularly beneficial for the success of high-quality oak regeneration. Also fencing and the absence of competitive vegetation(weeds, grass, bracken)seemed to be beneficial factors for the success of oak regeneration.Conclusions: Trusting in biological automation was found to be mostly useless regarding economically viable oak forest regeneration. To efficiently organize oak regeneration planning and silvicultural decision-making within a forest enterprise, it is strongly recommended to initially evaluate the annual financial and personnel capacities for carrying out young growth tending or pre-commercial thinning and only then to decide on the extent of regenerated oak stands. Careful and adaptive regeneration planning is also indispensable to secure the long-term ecological continuity in oak forests. Oak regeneration should therefore preferably take place within the close vicinity of old oak stands or directly in them. The retention of habitat trees is urgently advised. 展开更多
关键词 Close-to-nature forestry COMPETITION Ecological continuity forest inventory forest management Plantplant interactions Quercus robur Quercus petraea regeneration SILVICULTURE
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Response of understory plant species richness and tree regeneration to thinning in Pinus tabuliformis plantations in northern China 被引量:1
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作者 Haijiao Yang Chao Pan +3 位作者 Yun Wu Shiqi Qing Zhibin Wang Dihai Wang 《Forest Ecosystems》 SCIE CSCD 2023年第2期215-226,共12页
Background:Chinese pine(Pinus tabuliformis Carr.)is one of the major afforestation species in northern China and plays a key role in restoring forest ecosystems and preserving soil and water.However,most Chinese pine ... Background:Chinese pine(Pinus tabuliformis Carr.)is one of the major afforestation species in northern China and plays a key role in restoring forest ecosystems and preserving soil and water.However,most Chinese pine plantations are experiencing ecological problems such as the low diversity of understory plants and difficulty in natural regeneration.Thinning has been widely used to maintain and improve a variety of forest ecosystem services from plantations.To date,however,few studies have been conducted to systematically determine the effects of thinning on understory plant diversity and the regeneration of Chinese pine in plantations.Methods:We conducted a literature search,and selected 22 publications covering a total of 83 treatments related to thinning effects on the species richness of understory plants and 15 publications covering a total of 43 treatments related to thinning effects on the regeneration of Chinese pine,in tree plantations of northern China.The data from the literature were synthesized and evaluated with meta-analysis approach to determine the treatment effects.Results:Compared with the control stands,thinning increased the species richness of shrubs and herbs by an average of 25.3%and 26.5%,respectively.While the varying thinning intensities all had significantly positive effects on the species richness of understory plants,only moderate thinning(30%–50%)had a positive effect on the density of regenerating seedlings and saplings of Chinese pine(60.2%).The species richness of understory plants was greatest after 14 years of thinning with an increase of 36.3%,whereas the density of regenerating Chinese pine seedlings and saplings reached a maximum after≥11 years of thinning with an increase of 76.5%,compared to that of the unthinned stands.Thinning in the half-mature plantations had the greatest effects on the understory shrub richness(44.1%)and the density of regenerating Chinese pine seedlings and saplings(86.5%).Both single and multiple thinning were found to significantly promote the species richness of understory plants and the density of regenerating Chinese pine seedlings and saplings,and the positive effects of thinning were greater in areas with a humidity index(HI)<30 than in areas with an HI≥30.In general,age group,planting density and recovery time were prominent factors affecting the species richness of understory plants,whereas the slope,HI and recovery time were the dominant controls of the density of regenerating Chinese pine seedlings and saplings,indicating differential effects of thinning on the species richness of understory plants and the regeneration capacity of Chinese pine in plantations.Conclusion:Thinning appears to be a feasible management measure to improve the understory plant diversity and regeneration capacity of Chinese pine in plantations.We postulate that moderate thinning in half-mature forest stands with an HI<30 can help effectively promote the species diversity of understory plants and the natural regeneration of Chinese pine,thereby maintaining a more resilient stand structure and the development of Chinese pine plantations. 展开更多
关键词 Chinese pine plantation forest thinning META-ANALYSIS natural regeneration Understory plants
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Analysis of Land Use and Land Cover Changes and Evaluation of Natural Generation and Potential Restoration Areas in the Mexican Huasteca Region 被引量:1
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作者 Carmelo Peralta-Rivero Carlos Contreras-Servín +2 位作者 María G.Galindo-Mendoza Jean-Francois Mas Caussel Marcos Algara-Siller 《Open Journal of Forestry》 2014年第2期124-135,共12页
This study aims to analyze temporal changes in land use and land cover change (LUCC) as well as identify areas for natural regeneration and potential areas for forest restoration in the Huasteca region for the period ... This study aims to analyze temporal changes in land use and land cover change (LUCC) as well as identify areas for natural regeneration and potential areas for forest restoration in the Huasteca region for the period from 1976 to 2007. Changes were quantified in numbers and, additionally, cartography was used to identify and map the main affected areas. Different models based on Geographic Information Systems (GIS) demonstrated that LUCC have occurred on an area of 11718.82 km2, representing 17.84% of the region’s surface. Agriculture and the growth of pasture could be identified as the main human-induced activities that have led to landscape modification. In addition, forest cover is affected by a deforestation rate which is higher than the national average. Further important changes include a change from natural land cover to non-original land cover, affecting an area of 4911.88 km2 in the period from 1976-1993, and an area of 1892.5 km2 in the period from 1993-2002. Smaller changes could be observed for the period from 1993-2002 with an affected area of 1029.78 km2. At the same time, a natural regeneration from nonoriginal to original land cover took place from 1976-1993 on an area of 1318.68 km2, and also on an area of 974.18 km2 between 1993 an 2002. The surface that underwent a natural regeneration of forest cover made up 1932.07 km2. At the same time, an area of 5739.29 km2 for potential forest restoration was identified. Drawing on GIS methods and techniques, the development of thematic maps for land use, land use and land cover changes for the years of analysis (1976-1993-2002-2007) proved to be very adequate for the evaluation and analysis of the land cover and land use change, in particular with regard to the decrease of natural vegetation cover. 展开更多
关键词 Land User Land Cover natural regeneration forest Restoration LUCC GIS Temporal Analysis Huasteca
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Research Progress of Natural Regeneration Barrier of Forest
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作者 Chen Yongfu 《Chinese Forestry Science and Technology》 2012年第3期55-55,共1页
After reviewing a large quantity of literatures at home and abroad,the natural regeneration barrier mechanisms of forest were described,including lack of seed,animal eating and trespass,plants allelopathy,microbial pa... After reviewing a large quantity of literatures at home and abroad,the natural regeneration barrier mechanisms of forest were described,including lack of seed,animal eating and trespass,plants allelopathy,microbial pathogenesis, unusual state of ecological factors like light, temperature,humidity and rainfall,physical obstruct of understory groundcover and litters,natural and human disturbance and difference forest community characteristics.The paper finally came up with the problems existing in the current research and the development idea of the research. 展开更多
关键词 forest regeneration natural regeneration regeneration BARRIER mechanism SEED heterogeneous HABITAT DISTURBANCE
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Tree Planting:How Fast Can It Accelerate Post-fire Forest Restoration?——A Case Study in Northern Da Hinggan Mountains,China 被引量:1
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作者 LI Xiuzhen HE Hong S +3 位作者 WANG Xugao XIE Fuju HU Yuanman LI Yuehui 《Chinese Geographical Science》 SCIE CSCD 2010年第6期481-490,共10页
In 1987,a catastrophic fire burned over 1330000 ha in the densely forested area of the Da Hinggan Mountains in the northeastern China.After the fire,intensive management including burned trunk harvesting and coniferou... In 1987,a catastrophic fire burned over 1330000 ha in the densely forested area of the Da Hinggan Mountains in the northeastern China.After the fire,intensive management including burned trunk harvesting and coniferous tree planting had been conducted to accelerate forest restoration.To study the long term effect of these activities on forest recovery,we used a simulation modeling approach to study long-term(300 years) forest dynamics under current planting and natural regeneration scenarios.Results indicate that under tree planting scenario in the severely burned area,the dominant species Dahurian larch(Larix gmelinii) can reach pre-fire level(60% of the area) within 20 years and the maximum abundance can reach nearly 90% within 100 years.While under natural regeneration scenario,it needs about 250 years to reach its pre-fire level.From the perspective of timber production,tree planting can bring twice as much timber volume as that under natural regeneration within 300 years,which is the average longevity of L.gmelinii.It needs about 70 years to reach the timber volume of pre-fire level under the planting scenario,whereas it requires at least 250 years to reach the timber volume of pre-fire level under natural regeneration scenario.Another dominant species Asian White birch(Betula platyphylla) responded negatively to the planting of coniferous species.In general,tree planting of coniferous species after fire can greatly accelerate forest restoration in terms of species abundance and target timber volume,with desirable ecological and economic returns. 展开更多
关键词 tree planting natural regeneration post-fire forest restoration species abundance timber volume LANDIS model
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Effects of Forest Restoration Techniques on Community Diversity and Aboveground Biomass on Area Affected by Mining Tailings in Mariana,Southeastern Brazil 被引量:1
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作者 Ítalo Favoreto Campanharo Sebastião Venâncio Martins +3 位作者 Pedro Manuel Villa Gabriel Correa Kruschewsky Andreia Aparecida Dias Fabio Haruki Nabeta 《Research in Ecology》 2020年第4期22-30,共9页
Currently there is an urgent and special attention in actions to restore tropical forests.In this study,we evaluated the effect of different restoration methods on aboveground biomass(AGB)stock,tree community diversit... Currently there is an urgent and special attention in actions to restore tropical forests.In this study,we evaluated the effect of different restoration methods on aboveground biomass(AGB)stock,tree community diversity and structure,in areas affected by the Fundão tailings dam collapse in Mariana,Minas Gerais state,Brazil.We measured and compiled data of the AGB,community diversity and structure attributes in 36 plots distributed in six restoration treatments and six replicas:planting of native tree seedlings with fertilization and pH correction(PSf)and without fertilization and pH correction(PS);seeding of native trees with fertilization and pH correction(SDf)and without fertilization and pH correction(SD);natural regeneration with fertilization and pH correction(NRf)and without fertilization and pH correction(NR).No significant differences in substrate properties and AGB between treatments.Although biomass storage between treatments was not statistically different,there is a clear pattern showing higher values active restoration method.The Pielou index ranged from 0.520(SDf)to 0.943(NR),except for SDf all the others treatments had values higher than 0.76.This result suggests floristic heterogeneity,without ecological dominance in the plant community.Overall,active restoration had important implications for the forest restoration where natural regeneration is limited. 展开更多
关键词 Planting of seedlings Direct seeding natural regeneration forest restoration Fundão dam
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Dynamics of Deforestation and Degradation of Forests in the Democratic Republic of Congo from 1990 to 2018
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作者 Lutumba Suika Achille Kebin Zhang Christian Jonathan Kouassi Anoma 《Open Journal of Ecology》 2021年第5期451-461,共11页
Improving conditions to maintain soil fertility levels by avoiding deforestation would require an assessment of the contribution of forests to soil regeneration in complex and unpredictable farming systems involving a... Improving conditions to maintain soil fertility levels by avoiding deforestation would require an assessment of the contribution of forests to soil regeneration in complex and unpredictable farming systems involving alternating slash-and-burn farming. Results on forest cover over the period 1990-2018 indicate a net annual deforestation rate of 2.12% ± 0.07% and 0.12% annual degradation. The rate of deforestation is estimated mainly in relation to dense forests. Deforestation is the degradation that seems relatively important for DR Congo with relative population densities or the demand for agricultural land is greater which will lead to several consequences such as climate change, soil erosion, biodiversity loss, CO<sub>2</sub> emissions, and natural disasters. 展开更多
关键词 DEforestATION natural Disaster Climate Change Soil regeneration Dense forests
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Remote Sensing for Analyzing Forested Landscape Structure and Land-Use Histories in Guyana’s Bauxite Mining Landscapes
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作者 Susy Lewis Judith Rosales Lawrence Lewis 《Advances in Remote Sensing》 2023年第1期29-46,共18页
Monitoring secondary forest regrowth is a priority in forest restoration strategies. A site history helps in understanding the present status of natural regeneration in the three landscapes impacted by bauxite mining.... Monitoring secondary forest regrowth is a priority in forest restoration strategies. A site history helps in understanding the present status of natural regeneration in the three landscapes impacted by bauxite mining. Nonetheless, high rainfall in bauxite residue storage areas can facilitate natural regeneration of forest. This research analyzed the natural regeneration of forest after thirty years of different land use histories at three bauxite mining areas of the Upper Demerara—Berbice region of Guyana. There are no man made forest plantations in the three landscapes being reviewed. The methodology included: 1) the selection of three sampling landscapes with different land use histories 2) the generation Land Use/Land Cover maps using KMeans unsupervised classification of satellite images in each landscape and 3) the assessment of landscape structure of the land cover classes for year 2020 at class and landscape level using landscape metrics. The assessment of landscape structure of the land cover classes was carried-out with landscape metrics for the comparisons at class and landscape level. Principal component analysis enables the identification of main patterns among landscape-level metrics and land cover classes. Discriminant classification of the landscape classes was analyzed with the different metrics. The results suggest that Normalized Difference Vegetation Index and KMeans unsupervised classification can be used to evaluate the difference in natural forest regeneration among landscapes with differing land use histories. The landscape metrics revealed secondary stages of forest succession. The Landscape Shape Index and Edge Density were the most significant for landscape differentiation. The result of the various land uses reveals a mosaic of early, intermediate, and late successional sequences. 展开更多
关键词 NDVI KMeans natural forest regeneration Landscape Approach
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Review of Studies on Structural Features,Regeneration Features and Management of Natural Spruce-Fir Mixed Stand of Coniferous and Broadleaved Trees in China
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作者 Li Bing Fan Jinshuan Che Xiaoqiang 《Chinese Forestry Science and Technology》 2012年第3期45-46,共2页
Natural spruce-fir mixed stand is one of the main forest types in the world,and also has huge ecological,economic and social benefits.According to the structural characteristics and succession laws of natural spruce-f... Natural spruce-fir mixed stand is one of the main forest types in the world,and also has huge ecological,economic and social benefits.According to the structural characteristics and succession laws of natural spruce-fir forest,it is urgent and significant to develop scientific management measures for natural spruce-fir mixed stand in line with local conditions.The article outlined the characteristics of the distribution and structure, regeneration and succession laws of natural spruce-fir forest,and analyzed the current situation and existing problems of natural spruce-fir forest management.The following recommendations were eventually made:1) In no cutting area,all logging activities should be banned.In a restricted cutting area,the cutting intensity should be generally controlled within 15%of the stock volume before cutting.On the commodity forest management area, the appropriate cutting intensity should be determined according to the volume per hectare,determine and classification management should be implemented in accordance with the characteristics of forest,to ensure the scientific selective cutting.2) Closure for afforestation,planting and repair planting should be adopted on vegetation-intensive land,sparse shrubs covered land and harvesting slash,in order to accelerate natural regeneration.3) The in situ conservation should be conducted in nature reserves and scientific experiment stations of rare and endangered species,such as Abies chensiensis,Picea neoveitchii,Abies vuanbaoshanensis,to reduce human destruction.4) It is supposed to collect seeds in time,establish nursery,actively establish forest, expand artificial population and promote natural regeneration. 展开更多
关键词 SPRUCE fir natural forest mixed STAND of CONIFEROUS and broadleaved tree STAND structure forest regeneration classification management
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Soil Seed Bank of the Marantaceae Forests of Ouesso Forest Industry (IFO), Republic of Congo
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作者 Stevy Endurance Nkellankela Chauvelin Douh +4 位作者 Christian Moussoumbou Belvina Chardène Mabengo Larisa Mbouchi Malonga Saint Fédriche Ndzaï Félix Koubouana 《Open Journal of Applied Sciences》 2023年第11期1935-1950,共16页
The soil seed bank is a key indicator of natural regeneration and/or forests resilience after disturbances. This study evaluates the soil seed bank characteristics in two Marantaceae forests plots of Ouesso Forest Ind... The soil seed bank is a key indicator of natural regeneration and/or forests resilience after disturbances. This study evaluates the soil seed bank characteristics in two Marantaceae forests plots of Ouesso Forest Industry (IFO) in north of the Republic of Congo. In each plot, 12 samples were taken per soil layers (0 - 5 cm, 5 - 10 cm, 10 - 15 cm and 15 - 20 cm deep). Diversity and abundance seed were estimated after germination of soil samples. The results revealed 101 seedlings belonging to 17 species for plot 1 and 129 seedlings belonging to 15 species for plot 2. The average densities of germinated seeds were respectively 281 seedling/m<sup>2</sup> and 358 seedling/m<sup>2</sup>. There were no significant differences (p > 0.05) between the mean densities of the two plots. Herbaceous species dominated with percentages of 71% and 73%, respectively in plot 1 and plot 2. Both plots showed potential of regeneration from the soil seed bank. However, this potential seems higher in plot 2. Pioneer taxa were more abundant in the soil seed bank of plot 1 (4 woody pioneer species) than in plot 2 (1 woody pioneer species). The highest species richness was obtained in the first two soil layers (0 - 5 cm and 5 - 10 cm depth) while 25% of species were exclusively found in the deepest layer (15 - 20 cm) in plot 2. The study suggests silvicultural interventions based on planting or enrichment techniques for contribute to sustainable management of Marantaceae forests that could prevent the growth and development of seedlings. 展开更多
关键词 Soil Seed Bank SEEDLINGS Marantaceae forests natural regeneration forest Resilience Republic of Congo
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关于理想森林及其经营的遗传学思考
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作者 康向阳 《北京林业大学学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第6期1-9,共9页
我国是当今全球森林资源增长最多的国家。如何在此基础上科学、生态、节俭地提高森林生态系统稳定性和林地生产力,充分发挥森林的多功能作用,是我国林业界今后相当长的时间内必须面对的问题。本文首先基于森林永续利用思想理论的回顾,... 我国是当今全球森林资源增长最多的国家。如何在此基础上科学、生态、节俭地提高森林生态系统稳定性和林地生产力,充分发挥森林的多功能作用,是我国林业界今后相当长的时间内必须面对的问题。本文首先基于森林永续利用思想理论的回顾,提出遗传学层面的理想森林概念,即拥有与分布区自然地理相适应的树种组成及群体遗传结构,优势树种持续保持丰富的群体遗传多样性,以及自然稀疏和自然更新能力,且生长等目标性状相关基因的正向等位变异高度聚合,可在更短时间内形成与立地环境相匹配的生态适应性和最高生产力的森林。通过不同森林类型的遗传特点分析,进一步提出基于遗传学和生态学原理,充分利用自然选择和竞争等生物间及其与环境间的互作机制等自然力,并采取一定的人工辅助措施促进森林群体遗传进展和稳定性,培育生产力高的健康森林的理想森林经营概念。认为遗传基础窄化的商品林适合采取法正林类模式集约经营,而遗传基础宽泛的商品林则适合采取理想森林经营。并针对我国森林遗传品质劣化的问题,提出从良种抓起,铸牢森林遗传基础,推动森林遗传进展,重塑森林遗传品质的理想森林经营基本路径。建议在今后的森林质量提升工作中,应以理想森林为目标,建立森林经营国家机制,重构国家公益林和商品林比重,严格森林分类管理和分类经营,加强森林基础科学研究,按种子区划育种、制种和用种,通过专业化的理想森林经营,实现国家森林越采越多、越采越好。 展开更多
关键词 理想森林 经营 国家机制 商品林 遗传进展 遗传品质 自然稀疏 自然更新
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基于Meta-分析的间伐强度对栎类天然林生长与更新的影响——对我国栎类天然林经营的启示
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作者 刘建锋 肖以华 +1 位作者 程向芬 肖文发 《陆地生态系统与保护学报》 2024年第3期31-38,共8页
【目的】基于文献综述,研究间伐强度对栎类天然林生长与更新的影响,促进其科学经营和林分质量改善。【方法】检索已发表的相关文献数据,获得有效文献37篇和数据149条,采用Meta-分析方法探究间伐强度对栎类林分胸径年均生长量(mm·a^... 【目的】基于文献综述,研究间伐强度对栎类天然林生长与更新的影响,促进其科学经营和林分质量改善。【方法】检索已发表的相关文献数据,获得有效文献37篇和数据149条,采用Meta-分析方法探究间伐强度对栎类林分胸径年均生长量(mm·a^(−1))、林分蓄积年均生长量(m^(3)·hm^(−2)·a^(−1))和幼苗密度(株·100 m^(−2))的影响。【结果】中度(20%~39%)和强度间伐(≥40%)均能显著提高林分胸径生长量和蓄积生长量,特别是对幼龄林(≤20 a)和中龄林(21~40 a)效果显著,但对近熟林(41~60 a)和成熟林(>60 a)效果不显著;中度和强度间伐均能显著提高林分的幼苗密度,尤其对成熟林的效果最大;同时,在阳坡和下坡位或中坡位林分的间伐正效应值高于其它坡向和坡位。间伐激发幼龄林与中龄林生长和成熟林更新的效应持续时间约为10 a。【结论】中度以上间伐(≥20%)显著提高了栎类中幼龄林分的胸径和蓄积生长量以及成熟林幼苗密度,为持续促进上述林分生长与更新,其间伐间隔期应为10 a左右。研究结果可为我国栎类森林的可持续经营提供参考。 展开更多
关键词 栎类天然次生林 生长 更新 META-分析
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中条山中段生态公益林典型森林群落天然更新特征及其影响因素 被引量:2
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作者 杨晓虎 宁鹏 +2 位作者 高润梅 张雨晴 赵润泽 《中国水土保持科学》 CSCD 北大核心 2024年第1期86-94,共9页
明确森林更新特征及其影响因素,对提高森林涵养水源与水土保持效能有重要意义。中条山林区水土大量流失,植被退化严重。选取中条山中段7种典型森林群落为研究对象,从树种组成、数量特征和空间分布格局方面综合分析林下更新特征,并探究... 明确森林更新特征及其影响因素,对提高森林涵养水源与水土保持效能有重要意义。中条山林区水土大量流失,植被退化严重。选取中条山中段7种典型森林群落为研究对象,从树种组成、数量特征和空间分布格局方面综合分析林下更新特征,并探究影响林下天然更新的关键因子。结果表明:1)7种群落更新树种组成差异显著(P<0.05),辽东栎为更新优势种,华山松次之。辽东栎林除外,各群落林下更新不良,更新密度最低仅为38株/hm^(2)。林下更新在2 m×2 m尺度上总体呈聚集分布,聚集强度指数最高3.36。2)枯落物与土壤厚度是影响幼苗更新的关键因子,其他因子只在特定林分发挥显著作用。山杨辽东栎混交林中,幼苗密度与枯落物厚度显著正相关(P<0.05),枯落物厚度2.7~3.7 cm时,幼苗密度较大(200~450株/hm^(2));油松辽东栎混交林中,幼苗密度与土壤厚度显著正相关(P<0.05),土壤厚度15~24 cm时,幼苗密度较大(250~675株/hm^(2))。3)同一林分内,幼树对林分密度变化的响应更敏感。后续森林经营中可通过清理枯落物、林窗补植,加快演替进程。研究结果可为该区植被的合理经营管理提供理论支持。 展开更多
关键词 水土保持林 天然更新 更新能力 分布格局
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