Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Hydrodynamic Interactions of Two VLFS Modules Deployed in Tandem

This paper numerically and experimentally investigates the hydrodynamic interaction between two semi-submersible type VLFS modules in the frequency domain. Model tests were conducted to investigate the relationship between interactions and wave headings. Numerical studies were performed by solving the radiation-diffraction problem and were validated against the experimental results. Motion Response Amplitude Operators (RAOs) were obtained from numerical and experimental studies. The dependency of the hydrodynamic interaction effect on wave headings is clarified. The influence of different wave periods on the motion responses of two-module VLFS and wave elevations in the gap is studied. The results indicate that the hydrodynamic interactions of the two modules are directly related to the wave headings and the periods of the incident wave. The shielding effect plays an important role in short wave, and the influence decreases with the increase of the incident wavelength. The numerical results based on the diffraction-radiation code can give a relatively good estimation to the responses in short wave while for long wave, it would over-predict the response.

Research on menu-typed man-machine interaction system of digital TIG welding machine

A digital man-machine interaction system controlled by communications between two processors of TMS320F240 and AT98C2051 was researched in the paper. The system is easy to set and modify welding process parameters by keyboards, and display information of welding site by LCD (Liquid Crystal Display). As one part of multi-task system about TIG welding machine, the coordination of man-machine interaction system with other tasks is the main point to the stability and reliability of its operation. Experiments result indicates that the system is stable, operation-flexible, high precision, and anti-interfering.

Modulational instability of the coupled waves between fast magnetosonic wave and slow Alfvén wave in the laser–plasma interaction

By performing modulational instability analysis of the the nonlinear coupled dimensionless equations between a fast magnetosonic wave(FMSW)propagating obliquely with the magneticfield and a low-frequency slow Alfvén wave(SAW),we obtain the dispersion relation of the perturbation wave.The growth rate of the perturbation wave is obtained.It is found that the growth rate increases as background magnetic field increases,which is in agreement with that reported by Tiwary et al(2016 Phys.Plasmas 23122307).A critical perturbation wave number is found.When the perturbation wave number is greater than or equal to the critical value,the growth rate is positive and it increases as the perturbation wave number increases,while the wave is stable.The maximum growth rate is reached when the frequency of the FMSW is half of the ion cyclotron frequency.The minimum growth rate is reached when the propagation direction of the perturbation wave is the same as that of the FMSW.

Measurement and Characterization of Microwave Interaction between Integrated Distributed Feedback Laser Diode and Electro-Absorption Modulator

Integrated electro-absorption-modulated distributed feedback laser diodes(EMLs)are attracting much interest in optical communications for the advantages of a compact structure,low power consumption,and high-speed modulation.In integrated EML,the microwave interaction between the distributed feedback laser diode(DFB-LD)and the electro-absorption modulator(EAM)has a nonnegligible influence on the modulation performance,especially at the high-frequency region.In this paper,integrated EML was investigated as a three-port network with two electrical inputs and a single optical output,where the scattering matrix of the integrated device was theoretically deduced and experimentally measured.Based on the theoretical model and the measured data,the microwave equivalent circuit model of the integrated device was established,from which the microwave interaction between DFB-LD and EAM was successfully extracted.The results reveal that the microwave interaction within integrated EML contains both the electrical isolation and optical coupling.The electrical isolation is bidirectional while the optical coupling is directional,which aggravates the microwave interaction in the direction from DFB-LD to EAM.

Research on the Man-machine Interactive Environment VR and the Applications on Vocational Education and Training under the Perspective of Interactivity

In this paper, we conduct research on the man-machine interactive environment VR and the applications on vocational educationand training under the perspective of interactivity. With the increase in the general standard of social knowledge level and competition intensifi es,more and more people have a goal to build a lifelong learning system, according to their own hobbies, work and the needs of the marketcompetition. Under this condition, the vocational education is becoming more and more essential. This paper integrates the VR and man-machineinteractive concept to propose the new education paradigm that is innovative.

Interaction Between Large-scale Vortex Structure and Dispersed Particles in a Three Dimensional Mixing Layer

In order to understand the interaction between large-scale vortex structure and particles, a two-way coupling temporal mixing layer laden with particles at a Stokes number of 5 with different mass loading planted initially in the upper half region is numerically studied. The pseudospectral method is used for the flow fluid and the Lagrangian approach is employed to trace particles. The momentum coupling effect introduced by a particle is approximated to a point force. The simulation results show that the coherent structures are still dominant in the mixing layer, but the large-scale vortex structure and particle dispersion are modulated. The length of large-scale vortex structure is shortened and the pairing is delayed. At the same time, the particles are distributed more evenly in the whole flow field as the mass loading is increased, but the particle dispersion along the transverse direction differs from that along the spanwise direction, which indicates that the effect by the addition of particle on the spanwise large-scale vortex structure is different from the streamwise counterpart.

A study of inner-outer interactions in turbulent channel flows by interactive POD

The amplitude and frequency modulation of near-wall flow structures by the large-scale motions in outer regions is studied in turbulent channel flows. The proper orthogonal decomposition(POD) method is applied to investigate the interactions between the near-wall motions and the large-scale flow modes of the outer regions based on two datasets from direct numerical simulation of turbulent channel flows at Reynolds numbers of 550–10 0 0. The fluctuations in the fields u+, v+, w+ and Reynolds shear stress-(uv)+ are studied to understand the mechanism of amplitude and frequency modulation of the nearwall structures by the outer large-scale motions. The amplitude modulation coefficient of the Reynolds shear stress is larger than that of the velocity components. The frequency modulation effect has an opposite influence in the spanwise direction compared to the streamwise direction. The streamwise characteristic frequency increases with increasing large-scale velocity. However, the spanwise characteristic frequency exhibits a decreasing trend with increasing large-scale velocity in the near-wall region.

Multi-scale interaction between tearing modes and micro-turbulence in the HL-2A plasmas

The influence of m/n=2/1(m and n are poloidal and toroidal mode numbers)tearing modes on plasma perpendicular flows and micro-fluctuations has been investigated in HL-2A neutral beam injection heated L-mode plasmas.It is found that the local perpendicular rotation velocity and turbulence energy are modulated by the alternation between the island X-point and O-point of the naturally rotating tearing modes.Cross-correlation analysis indicates that the modulation of density fluctuations by the tearing mode is not only limited to the island region,but also occurs in the edge region near the last closed flux surface.The turbulence exhibits distinct spectral characteristics inside and outside the island region.In addition,it is observed that the particle flux near the strike point is also significantly impacted by the tearing modes.The experimental evidence reveals that there are strong core-edge interactions between the core tearing modes and the edge transport.

Interfacial Electronic Modulation of Dual-Monodispersed Pt–Ni_(3)S_(2) as Efficacious Bi-Functional Electrocatalysts for Concurrent H_(2) Evolution and Methanol Selective Oxidation

Constructing the efficacious and applicable bifunctional electrocatalysts and establishing out the mechanisms of organic electro-oxidation by replacing anodic oxygen evolution reaction(OER) are critical to the development of electrochemicallydriven technologies for efficient hydrogen production and avoid CO_(2) emission. Herein, the hetero-nanocrystals between monodispersed Pt(~ 2 nm) and Ni_(3)S_(2)(~ 9.6 nm) are constructed as active electrocatalysts through interfacial electronic modulation, which exhibit superior bi-functional activities for methanol selective oxidation and H_(2) generation. The experimental and theoretical studies reveal that the asymmetrical charge distribution at Pt–Ni_(3)S_(2) could be modulated by the electronic interaction at the interface of dual-monodispersed heterojunctions, which thus promote the adsorption/desorption of the chemical intermediates at the interface. As a result, the selective conversion from CH_(3)OH to formate is accomplished at very low potentials(1.45 V) to attain 100 m A cm^(-2) with high electronic utilization rate(~ 98%) and without CO_(2) emission. Meanwhile, the Pt–Ni_(3)S_(2) can simultaneously exhibit a broad potential window with outstanding stability and large current densities for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER) at the cathode. Further, the excellent bi-functional performance is also indicated in the coupled methanol oxidation reaction(MOR)//HER reactor by only requiring a cell voltage of 1.60 V to achieve a current density of 50 m A cm^(-2) with good reusability.

Prediction of the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of curcumin by module-based protein interaction network analysis

Curcumin, the medically active component from Curcuma Tonga (Turmeric), is widely used to treat inflammatory diseases. Protein interaction network (PIN) analysis was used to predict its mechanisms of molecular action. Targets of curcumin were obtained based on ChEMBL and STITCH databases. Protein protein interactions (PPIs) were extracted from the String database. The PIN of curcumin was constructed by Cytoscape and the function modules identified by gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis based on molecular complex detection (MCODE). A PIN of curcumin with 482 nodes and 1688 interactions was constructed, which has scale-free, small world and modular properties. Based on analysis of these function modules, the mechanism of curcumin is proposed. Two modules were found to be intimately associated with inflammation. With function modules analysis, the anti-inflammatory effects of curcumin were related to SMAD, ERG and mediation by the TLR family. TLR9 may be a potential target of curcumin to treat inflammation. (C) 2015 Chinese Pharmaceutical Association and Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.

Deletion of COM donor and acceptor domains and the interaction between modules in bacillomycin D produced by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens

Bacillomycin D is a cyclic lipopeptide produced by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens fmbJ.At present,no relevant report has described the combinatorial biosynthesis of bacillomycin D.Due to the strong biosynthetic potential of the communication-mediating(COM)domains,its crosstalk between NRPS subunits has been studied to some extent,but the interaction of COM domain between modules is rarely reported.Therefore,in this study,we conducted the combinatorial biosynthesis of bacillomycin D through the deletion of the COM donor and acceptor domains between the modules and elucidated the interaction between the NRPS modules.The results showed that the deletion of the donor domain between modules 2 and 3 did not affect catalysis by upstream modules,but prevented downstream modules from catalysing the extension of the lipopeptide product,ultimately resulting in mutant complexes that could form linear dipeptides with the sequenceβ-NH_(2)FA-Asn-Tyr.However,the engineered hybrid bacillomycin D NRPSs lacking the donor domains between modules 3 and 4 and modules 6 and 7 could form multiple assembly lines that produced bacillomycin D and its analogs(linear tripeptides,cyclic hexapeptides and linear hexapeptides).In addition,all the acceptor domain deletion strains failed to produce bacillomycin D,only truncated peptides produced by module interruption(except for the acceptor domain deletion strains between modules 3 and 4,which also produced cyclic hexapeptides).In conclusion,deletion of the inter-module donor domains led to a more flexible hybrid biosynthetic system for the production of diverse peptide products;compared with the inter-subunit donor domain deletion strains that could only produce truncated peptides,the former had a greater biosynthetic capacity.Meanwhile,the acceptor domains between modules were an important part of module-module interactions and efficient communication within bacillomycin D synthetase.

The decadally modulating eddy field in the upstream Kuroshio Extension and its related mechanisms

Both the level of the high-frequency eddy kinetic energy（HF-EKE） and the energy-containing scale in the upstream Kuroshio Extension（KE） undergo a well-defined decadal modulation, which correlates well with the decadal KE path variability. The HF-EKE level and the energy-containing scales will increase with unstable KE path and decrease with stable KE path. Also the mesoscale eddies are a little meridionally elongated in the stable state, while they are much zonally elongated in the unstable state. The local baroclinic instability and the barotropic instability associated with the decadal modulation of HF-EKE have been investigated. The results show that the baroclinic instability is stronger in the stable state than that in the unstable state, with a shorter characteristic temporal scale and a larger characteristic spatial scale. Meanwhile, the regional-averaged barotropic conversion rate is larger in the unstable state than that in the stable state. The results also demonstrate that the baroclinic instability is not the dominant mechanism influencing the decadal modulation of the mesoscale eddy field, while the barotropic instability makes a positive contribution to the decadal modulation.

Dynamical stability of dipolar condensate in a parametrically modulated one-dimensional optical lattice

We study the stabilization properties of dipolar Bose–Einstein condensate in a deep one-dimensional optical lattice with an additional external parametrically modulated harmonic trap potential. Through both analytical and numerical methods, we solve a dimensionless nonlocal nonlinear discrete Gross–Pitaevskii equation with both the short-range contact interaction and the long-range dipole–dipole interaction. It is shown that, the stability of dipolar condensate in modulated deep optical lattice can be controled by coupled effects of the contact interaction, the dipolar interaction and the external modulation. The system can be stabilized when the dipolar interaction, the contact interaction, the average strength of potential and the ratio of amplitude to frequency of the modulation satisfy a critical condition. In addition, the breather state, the diffused state and the attractive-interaction-induced-trapped state are predicted. The dipolar interaction and the external modulation of the lattice play important roles in stabilizing the condensate.

改进YOLOv4的遥感图像目标检测算法

为有效解决遥感图像目标检测算法在复杂背景下的检测效果不佳的问题,提出一种改进YOLOv4的目标检测算法。设计一种跨阶段残差结构,替换原主干网络的简单残差结构,降低模型参数量和计算负担;引入CBAM注意力机制,加强CSP模块间有效特征交互;使用跨阶段分层卷积模块重构特征融合阶段对深层特征图的处理方式,防止网络退化和梯度消失;采用Mish激活函数,增强融合网络对非线性特征的提取能力。在RSOD、DIOR数据集上的实验结果表明,改进YOLOv4算法的测试mAP相比原YOLOv4算法分别高出4.5%、7.3%,其检测速度分别达到48 fps、45 fps,在保证实时性的同时检测精度有较大提升。

基于生物信息学方法的子宫腺肌病关键靶点与中药筛选研究

目的通过数据挖掘结合生物信息学技术,比较子宫腺肌病患者与正常人群的基因芯片数据库,查询差异基因,并分析差异基因参与的生物过程和潜在靶点,预测治疗子宫腺肌病的潜在药物。方法利用基因表达数据库(GEO)筛选出GSE78851和GSE7307两个数据集,通过GEO2R分析芯片的共有差异基因,应用Omicshare制作差异基因热图,借助DAVID数据库对差异基因进行基因本体分析(GO)和京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)分析,使用String构建蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用网络,筛选核心基因,再进一步利用Cytoscape 3.9.0的MCODE插件对差异表达基因进行模块分析。通过医学本体信息检索平台筛选治疗子宫腺肌病的中医药物。结果筛选出433个共有差异基因,差异表达基因主要富集在细胞黏附、对雌二醇的反应、细胞凋亡等生物过程和氧化磷酸化、雌激素信号通路、PI3K-Akt等信号通路。共得出p53蛋白(TP53)、细胞色素C(CYCS)、肌动蛋白(ACTB)、Ⅳ型胶原酶(MMP2)、雌激素受体(ESR1)、CD44、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶3(MAPK3)、胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ(IGF-Ⅰ)、细胞质动力蛋白1重链1(DYNC1H1)、血小板反应蛋白-1(THBS1)、细胞色素氧化酶4Ⅱ(COX4Ⅱ)、NDUFAB1、人原纤维蛋白-1(FBN1)、ATP5A1、NDUFB7、ATP5G1等16个核心基因。在Cytoscape 3.9.0中进行模块分析并得出两个重要模块,对其进行分析后发现模块1基因主要与氧化磷酸化信号通路相关,模块2基因主要与Rap1、Wnt信号通路相关。筛选得到丹参、当归、茯苓、三七、厚朴花、茶树根、蚕砂7味出现频次最高的中药。结论通过差异表达基因和富集分析得到的生物过程与信号通路可以为子宫腺肌病的潜在治疗靶点提供参考,通过核心基因映射得到了治疗子宫腺肌病的潜在药物,为子宫腺肌病的治疗提供新的思路。

高分辨率特征保持的头部姿态软阶段回归算法

针对在头部姿态估计推理过程中由于上下采样操作而导致的姿态特征损失问题,提出了一种高分辨率特征保持的头部姿态软阶段回归算法。该算法首先利用编码器HR-Net对原始人脸图像进行高分辨率特征保持的多尺度特征编码,并在其卷积块中加入TA维度交互模块以捕获更多空间与通道之间的交互信息;然后使用解码器SSR-Net算法对HR-Net输出的不同尺度特征图进行关键参数解码和头部姿态软阶段回归,并引入了高效通道注意力ECA以加强特征通道间的信息交互,减少冗余特征。实验结果表明,所提算法在公开数据集AFLW2000和BIWI上均有优秀表现,其MAE分别降低至4.19和3.00。

应用于机床加工的总线数字量模块开发与试验研究

为了满足数控机床加工对信号量数据采集传输的实时性和稳定性的应用需求,如机床加工现场的轴运动位移硬件限位信号、气阀水阀信号、刀具测量等信号,同时能与可编程控制器建立通信进行数据交互,可实现信号量检测与控制功能。文章设计并开发基于以太网通讯技术的EtherCAT通信协议的数字量模块,对数字量模块软硬件设计内容与数据交互程序的执行流程进行研究,并通过配合标准EtherCAT通信主站TwinCAT进行试验,证明开发的数字量模块能与控制器主站正常建立通信并进行数据传输,且与EtherCAT总线通信数据周期保持同步。基于数字量信号检测设计出机床刀径测量方案,应用该数字量模块在机床加工中进行量刀试验,结果表明通过数字量模块对检测信号的实时响应计算得到的机床刀具磨损误差满足应用要求,具有工程实际价值,达到了研究的目的。

基于高阶空间交互网络的光伏组件热斑故障检测

针对传统红外热斑故障检测算法由于特征表达能力不佳造成算法易受复杂背景干扰以及对密集目标、小目标故障检测精度低的问题,提出一种基于高阶空间交互的光伏组件热斑故障检测网络。首先,设计高阶空间交互模块,并将其引入YOLOv5主干网络进行全局交互建模,提升网络对密集目标的检测精度;其次,为突出复杂背景下故障目标的关键特征,设计基于协同注意力的特征提取模块重构颈部网络;然后,在颈部网络设计多尺度特征增强融合模块以提高检测网络对不同尺度特征的充分利用;最后,设计自适应特征融合检测头以提高模型对小目标的感知能力。实验结果表明,相较于7种经典检测算法,所提出的算法检测精度最高,精度可达84.3%。

绿原酸通过基因编码基质相互作用分子/钙释放激活钙调节蛋白通路改善糖尿病小鼠动脉粥样硬化的机制

目的探讨绿原酸(CGA)通过基因编码基质相互作用分子1(Stim1)/钙释放激活钙调节蛋白1(Orai1)通路改善糖尿病小鼠动脉粥样硬化(AS)的机制。方法将30只C57BL/6J雄性小鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、CGA组,每组各10只。采用高脂饲料饲养加腹腔注射50 mg/kg的链脲佐霉素(STZ)建立糖尿病AS小鼠模型,对照组采用普通饲料+等量生理盐水,CGA组建立模型后给予CGA干预,模型组给予等量生理盐水。HE染色、油红O染色观察动脉斑块情况;CCK-8检测主动脉血管平滑肌细胞(VSMCs)增殖活力;qPCR检测Stim1、Orai1表达水平。结果CGA组、模型组的斑块沉积面积大于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);而CGA组的斑块沉积面积小于模型组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。模型组、CGA组的VSMCs增殖率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);而CGA组的VSMCs增殖率低于模型组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。模型组、CGA组的Stim1、Orai1水平高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);而CGA组的Stim1、Orai1水平低于模型组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论CGA能够改善糖尿病AS及VSMCs增殖,其机制可能与调节Stim1/Orai1通路有关。

基于平行交互注意力网络的中文电子病历实体及关系联合抽取

基于电子病历构建医学知识图谱对医疗技术的发展具有重要意义,实体和关系抽取是构建知识图谱的关键技术。该文针对目前实体关系联合抽取中存在的特征交互不充分的问题,提出了一种平行交互注意力网络(PIAN)以充分挖掘实体与关系的相关性,在多个标准的医学和通用数据集上取得最优结果;当前中文医学实体及关系标注数据集较少,该文基于中文电子病历构建了实体和关系抽取数据集(CEMRIE),与医学专家共同制定了语料标注规范,并基于该文所提出的模型实验得出基准结果。