Does the Internal Audit Function Play a Role in Mitigating Earnings Management?

This paper aims to investigate the effect of the characteristics of the internal audit function(IAF)on earnings management(EM)for a sample of 27 Tunisian listed companies.The authors employed the Correlated Panels Corrected Standard Errors model to estimate the regression equation.The results showed that EM is negatively associated with internal audit effectiveness,frequency of audit committee meetings with Chief Audit Executives(CAEs),the partial outsourcing of internal audit,and the firm’s size.Moreover,the authors found a positive relationship between EM and the use of IAF as a training ground for management and the private sector.This study is important to academics,regulators,and policymakers in introducing new governance reforms to strengthen the IAF as an important internal governance mechanism to reduce earnings management practices in emerging countries.The results also provide useful information for investors to examine the effect of internal audit characteristics on earnings management.

Enhancement of Audit Closed-Loop Management for Optimal Audit Results Transformation

The process of converting audit findings into actionable improvement measures within an enterprise is pivotal for achieving the“value-added”objective of internal audits and fostering sustainable business development.By elucidating the definition and significance of transforming internal audit results,this study underscores the imperative of applying and effectively converting these findings.Additionally,it seeks to streamline the value assessment framework for internal audit result transformation and delineates key factors that impede this transformation.Furthermore,this study explores strategies to bolster the closed-loop audit management system and outlines specific methods for enhancing the transformation of internal audit results within the enterprise,thereby contributing to its overall progress.

Auditor Reputation, Audit Opinion, and Eamings Management： Evidence From French Banking Industry

The aim of this research is to study the impact of auditor reputation and audit opinion on earnings management in French banks. This article used a sample of 162 French banks over the period from 2005 to 2012. By using three different tests （loss-avoidance, just-meeting-or-beating prior year＇s earnings, and abnormal loan loss provision）, the findings of this paper show that both high auditor reputation and qualified audit opinion constrain earnings management to avoid loss or to just meet or beat prior year＇s earnings in banks. In separate tests related to earnings management through abnormal loan loss provisions, the paper also finds that high auditor reputation constrains earnings management. Qualified audit opinion has a negative but non-significant effect on abnormal loan loss provisions.

Toward the Effect of Audit Quality on Earnings Management——Empirical Evidence from Manufacturing Enterprises Listed in Shanghai Stock Market

Nowadays, earnings management is a hot issue, but most of the researches focus on the incentives of earnings management and few of them refer to the effect of audit quality on earnings management. In this study, we directly examine the effect of external audit quality on earnings management by using discretionary accruals. We find that the discretionary accruals of non-dual audit companies are significantly greater than those of dual audit companies. We also find that clients of non-First Ten auditors intend to report greater discretionary accruals than those of First Ten auditors.

Financial Management and Control and Internal Audit System in the Public Sector in BiH

The introduction and implementation of finansijsko upravljanje i kontrola(FUK,financial management and control[FMC])in Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina(FBiH)aims to incorporate a modern public internal financial control(PIFC)system into traditional public resources management models.This area is one of the reform areas in which Bosnia and Herzegovina(BiH)is obliged to harmonize the legislative framework and practice with the good practices and regulations recommended by the European Commission.The establishment and development of the PIFC are also an obligation of Bosnia and Herzegovina established by the Stabilization and Association Agreement between the European Community and the member states,of the one part,and Bosnia and Herzegovina,of the other part.The public internal financial control(PIFC)system focuses on enhancing transparency,financial discipline,and dedicated use of public resources,that is,transparent,economical,efficient,and effective management of public resources,and control of the use of those resources.The topic of this paper is“financial management and control in the public sector”where the aim is to show,through the conducted theoretical research,the level of achievement of the establishment of this system in public sector institutions in BiH.The European Union wants to direct all potential member countries towards development of internal controls in the use of their own resources,but also to create a control environment that would ensure the dedicated use of EU funds.In Bosnia and Herzegovina,there is no single legal framework in terms of a single law governing public internal financial controls.The contents of the applicable legal provisions at all three levels(BiH,FBiH,and Republic of Srpska[RS])are largely congruent thanks to the Coordination Committee of Central Harmonization Units(CHJs)in Bosnia and Herzegovina,through which the harmonization of regulations and practices in the development of public internal financial controls is ensured.

The Audit Opinion of Earnings Management in Listed Companies of China

The paper testes the relationship between audit opinions and financial sensitive zones and accounts on the basis of the data of A-share companies in China. The author finds that when ROE of listed companies is in the small-profit zone or in the large-loss zone, the probabilities that they get modified audit opinions increase. But the right-offering zone, accrual accounts and accounts below the line have no significant effects on the modified audit opinions. Besides, the author also finds that the ratio of accounts receivable to asset, debt ratio, previous year＇s audit opinion and change of CPA firms have significant positive effects on the modified audit opinions, while the ratio of major business revenue and size of companies have no notable effects. Some other factors such as cash ratio, age of the listing and CPA firm ranking have no consistent and continuous effects.

Research on the Influence Factors of the Auditing Quality from the Perspective of Profit Management

As one of the external mechanisms to protect investors,the quality of CPA auditing influences the profit of the investor directly.This paper studies the A-share listed companies in China from2009to 2011,with logistic regression,re-evaluating and exploring the influence factors to the auditing quality of CPA from the perspectives of the size of accountant firms and the profit management level.It finds that the size of accountant firms and the auditing quality are positively correlated with each other,but the statistics are not significant;however,the profit management level influences the auditing quality significantly.Besides,this paper finds that compared with the small-sized accountant firms,the profit management level and the auditing quality of those big-sized accountant firms are correlated with each more significantly.

Construction of Meteorological Observation Quality Management System for Basic Observation Business

A set of closed-loop normative standards of PDCA(planning-implementing-checking-improvement) of the quality management system is applied to promote the standardization, normalization and institutionalization of grass-roots meteorological observations, further improve the service availability and timely rate of data, and improve the quality and efficiency of meteorological observations.

Governance of artificial intelligence applications in a business audit via a fusion fuzzy multiple rule‑based decision‑making model

A broad range of companies around the world has welcomed artificial intelligence(AI)technology in daily practices because it provides decision-makers with comprehensive and intuitive messages about their operations and assists them in formulating appropriate strategies without any hysteresis.This research identifies the essential components of AI applications under an internal audit framework and provides an appropriate direction of strategies,which relate to setting up a priority on alternatives with multiple dimensions/criteria involvement that need to further consider the interconnected and intertwined relationships among them so as to reach a suitable judgment.To obtain this goal and inspired by a model ensemble,we introduce an innovative fuzzy multiple rule-based decision making framework that integrates soft computing,fuzzy set theory,and a multi-attribute decision making algorithm.The results display that the order of priority in improvement—(A)AI application strategy,(B)AI governance,(D)the human factor,and(C)data infrastructure and data quality—is based on the magnitude of their impact.This dynamically enhances the implementation of an AI-driven internal audit framework as well as responds to the strong rise of the big data environment.Highlights Artificial intelligence(AI)promotes the sustainability development of audit tasks.A fuzzy MRDM model extracts key factors from large amounts of data.Fuzzy decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory analysis accounts for dependence and feedback among factors.An effective framework of AI-driven business audit is proposed in which“AI cognition of senior executives”is the most important criterion.

Assessment of the Implementation of Energy Conservation Opportunities Arising from Energy Audits;A Study of Four-Star and Five-Star Hotels in Nairobi Kenya

This study assesses the implementation of energy conservation opportunities in four-star and five-star hotels in Nairobi. The Covid-19 pandemic had a significant impact on the Hospitality Industry. Currently, there is a growing inclination to furnish guests with superior and sustainable services in an energy-efficient and eco-friendly way. Comprehensive research was conducted from energy audits gathered from the establishments and contracted auditing companies, on top of this, hotel staff were given digital questionnaires. To add to the data, the researcher surveyed the hotels with engineering managers. The Energy Audits found that all 10 hotels had adopted Energy Conservation Opportunities (ECOs). After further analysis, the mean adoption rate of Energy Conservation Opportunities (ECOs) during the past three years was 55.83%, which was below the aim of 100%. According to studies, hotel staff manages energy to cut costs. The researcher found that hotels use up a lot of energy. However, they have conservation potential, depending on government policies, costs, ease of implementation, and management commitment to sustainable practices. Essentially, Energy Conservation Opportunities (ECOs) reduce energy expenditures and boost reliable revenues, especially during high energy prices and uncertainty.

地方审计管理体制改革能抑制地方国有 企业金融资产配置吗?

以2015年末我国实施的省以下审计机关人财物管理试点改革作为准自然实验,选取2011—2020年A股地方国有企业为研究样本,利用双重差分模型实证检验地方审计管理体制改革对地方国有企业金融资产配置的影响。研究结果表明,地方审计管理体制改革有效抑制了地方国有企业金融资产配置规模。区分金融资产类别后研究发现,地方审计管理体制改革对企业显性金融资产规模的抑制效果较明显,但与隐性金融资产配置规模间无明显相关关系。进一步研究发现,当地方审计管理体制改革力度以及地方审计机关的审计强度越大时,政府审计对企业金融资产配置的抑制作用越明显。机制分析发现,地方审计管理体制改革通过规范政府干预缩减了地方国有企业显性金融资产配置规模,且在财政压力较大的地区这一抑制效果更为明显。

公立医院科研经费管理与内部审计探讨

公立医院科研经费管理存在诸多问题,包括科研制度不完善、项目执行进度慢、缺乏约束性和规范性、结题不结账等。这些问题不仅影响了科研工作的进展和质量,还可能引发财务风险。为了解决这些问题,需要建立科研项目资金管理体系,从申报、立项、中验、结题到结账全生命周期进行有效管理。内部审计作为公立医院的“免疫系统”,对医院科研经费进行有效监督管理,保障医院科研管理经费使用效能。通过完善科研制度、规范项目执行进度、加强经费管理、内部控制和风险管理等措施,推动公立医院科研工作的高质量发展。此外,也是重要的手段,通过建立以风险控制为导向的科研项目全过程管理体系,可以有效降低医院经济经营活动中发生风险的几率。

大数据背景下造纸企业经营风险识别与管理优化研究

近年来,大数据技术的快速发展颠覆了造纸企业传统的风险控制模式,大数据技术在企业经营管理中实现降本增效的趋势越发明显。基于此,简述了造纸企业经营风险的种类与控制现状,探究了大数据时代给造纸企业经营风险控制带来的积极效应与消极影响,结合某些造纸企业经营实例进行经营风险的识别与分析,并基于大数据背景提出造纸企业经营风险识别与管理优化策略,以期建立科学、有效的经营风险预防与管控体系,提升造纸企业经营管理水平。

PDCA循环模式在医院内部审计管理中应用的效果分析

目的分析PDCA循环模式在医院内部审计管理中的应用效果。方法选取2021年10月—2023年9月滨州市中心医院的148名与审计工作有关的工作人员(包括其他职能部门)作为研究对象,根据PDCA循环模式在医院内部审计管理中落实的时间分为两阶段,2021年10月—2022年9月行常规管理,为常规组,2022年10月—2023年9月行PDCA循环管理,为研究组。比较两组工作质量评分、工作沉浸程度、工作人员专业能力评分。结果研究组工作质量评分、工作沉浸程度、专业能力评分均高于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论在医院内部审计管理中,PDCA循环管理模式的实施可有效提升审计相关工作人员的专业能力,提升审计工作质量,提高审计相关工作人员的工作沉浸度。

非国有董事治理积极性与国有企业审计意见决策

如何发挥非国有董事治理积极性以提高国有企业审计意见质量,实现国有资产保值增值,是深化国有企业改革亟需研究的问题。以2013—2022年A股国有企业上市公司为样本,构建离散选择模型,以投非赞成票代理非国有董事治理积极性。研究发现,非国有董事治理积极性越高,越能够提示应计盈余管理风险,审计师越倾向出具非标准审计意见;第一大非国有股东持股比例越高,混改国有企业股权集中度越低,非国有董事治理积极性与审计意见谨慎性的关系越显著。经过稳健性检验,研究结论不变。进一步研究发现,非国有董事积极履行治理职能导致审计意见质量提高有利于混改国有企业资产保值增值,实现国有企业混改主要目标。研究结论对于国有企业审计师正确决策审计意见、非国有董事有效维权、政府监管部门和混改国有企业充分尊重非国有董事治理的积极性、实现国有企业改革目标,均具有启示意义。

疾控中心食品检测领域实验室认可不符合项分析

目的:分析山西省疾控中心食品检测领域实验室认可评审不符合项分布,并针对性提出质量管理体系改进建议。方法:收集2015—2022年历次实验室认可现场评审发现的不符合项资料,对不符合项分布特点进行归纳统计,分析产生原因。结果:不符合项相对集中于资源要求和实施性不符合;理化检测科室发生不符合项占比较大,科室不符合项发生数量与其承担检测项目数相关,但存在两个离群值。结论:针对不符合项产生原因,提出加强体系文件培训,规范设备管理,明确部门职责衔接和推广工作经验4条改进措施。

内审视角下公立医院财务优化路径分析

对于公立医院而言,财务审计作为一种内部控制管理手段,能够有效保障医院财产安全,为构建良好医疗环境奠定基础。本文从内审与医院财务管理关联入手,探讨当前内审视角下公立医院财务现状与问题,提出公立医院转变财务管理理念、优化制度机制和管理方式等对策。内审视角下,医院财务管理应着重转变成本核算理念、更新风险防范理念、完善绩效考核制度和开展精细化管理等,进一步提高医院财务管理质量,为医院高质量发展保驾护航。

“双碳”目标下国有炼化企业管理效益审计优化研究

碳达峰、碳中和目标提出后,国有炼化企业的审计工作被赋予了“绿色环保+管理效益”的全新定位。国有炼化企业管理效益审计存在未包含“双碳”相关指标、业务单元与审计责任边界亟需厘清、业务绩效与审计监督结合有待深化、管理效益审计人员认识有待提高等问题。提出了形成低碳发展的审计理念和制度体系,构建节能减排、控碳的绿色发展指标体系,优化碳排放核算、定额和计量标准,完善审计报告发布和披露内容等对策建议。

临床药师参与全医嘱审核管理在清洁手术围术期抗菌药物预防使用中的应用价值

目的分析临床药师参与全医嘱审核管理在清洁手术围术期抗菌药物预防使用中的应用价值。方法选取2021年10月至2022年10月我院接收的200例清洁手术患者作为研究对象,根据管理模式不同将其分为对照组(100例,常规抗菌药管理)和观察组(100例,临床药师参与全医嘱审核管理)。比较两组的应用效果。结果观察组患者的抗菌药物总使用率低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者的抗菌药物的品种选择、给药时机、使用剂量、使用疗程、联合用药合理使用率高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者的满意度高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组医护人员的工作态度、管理技巧、抗菌药使用流程执行、抗菌药管理规范评分高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在清洁手术围术期抗菌药物预防使用管理中,临床药师参与全医嘱审核管理可降低抗菌药物预防使用率,减少抗菌药物使用种类,提高抗菌药物预防使用合理性及患者满意度,值得推广。

环境问责风险与重污染企业审计费用——基于中央生态环境保护督察的准自然实验研究

本文以2008-2017年我国A股上市制造业企业为样本,以中央生态环境保护督察组进驻为准自然实验,以重污染制造业企业为实验组、非重污染制造业企业为对照组,构建多期双重差分模型,检验环境问责制对重污染企业审计费用的影响。研究发现,环境问责制显著降低重污染企业的审计费用;机制检验发现,环境问责制通过提升重污染企业绿色治理水平、会计信息质量和管理层语调可靠度,来降低重污染企业审计费用;异质性检验发现,在政企关联强、风险承担水平低、地区公众环境关注高的企业,环境问责制对重污染企业审计费用的影响更显著。本研究拓展了中央生态环境保护督察的微观后果,为规范环境风险挑战下重污染企业的审计定价、优化环境规制体系提供理论与决策依据。