Cross-Layer Design for EH Systems with Finite Buffer Constraints

Energy harvesting(EH)technology in wireless communication is a promising approach to extend the lifetime of future wireless networks.A cross-layer optimal adaptation policy for a point-to-point energy harvesting(EH)wireless communication system with finite buffer constraints over a Rayleigh fading channel based on a Semi-Markov Decision Process(SMDP)is investigated.Most adaptation strategies in the literature are based on channeldependent adaptation.However,besides considering the channel,the state of the energy capacitor and the data buffer are also involved when proposing a dynamic modulation policy for EH wireless networks.Unlike the channeldependent policy,which is a physical layer-based optimization,the proposed cross-layer dynamic modulation policy is a guarantee to meet the overflow requirements of the upper layer by maximizing the throughput while optimizing the transmission power and minimizing the dropping packets.Based on the states of the channel conditions,data buffer,and energy capacitor,the scheduler selects a particular action corresponding to the selected modulation constellation.Moreover,the packets are modulated into symbols according to the selected modulation type to be ready for transmission over the Rayleigh fading channel.Simulations are used to test the performance of the proposed cross-layer policy scheme,which shows that it significantly outperforms the physical layer channel-dependent policy scheme in terms of throughput only.

The Need for Agricultural Water Management in Sub-Saharan Africa

This paper discusses the current and future conditions that affect water resources and the constraints of water (agricultural) management in sub-Saharan Africa and suggests remedial measures to be considered by policy makers. The pressure on the quantity and quality of water resources is rising in sub-Saharan Africa due to the increased demand of water for agriculture and other purposes as a result of increase in population and food demand. The availability of water is also under threat from changing climate and as a result, water scarcity is expected in many countries in sub-Saharan Africa. On the other hand, the availability of water for agriculture is expected to further shrink due to the increasing demand of water for other purposes like industry, manufacturing and environmental requirement. The current poor efficiency rate of irrigation systems and massive expansion of irrigated area is expected to further exacerbate the water scarcity. Hence, a water management policy focused on maximization of water use efficiency and water productivity should be prioritized in order to meet the food demand of the growing population and cope with water scarcity problems. Engineering and management intervention integrated with strong society awareness and participation is considered very crucial in enhancing water use efficiency and crop water productivity.

Sedimentation retention basin utilization for best management practice

Approaches to the artificial impoundment and theoretical design of sedimentation retention basin are reviewed with particular attention to best management practice(BMP) to control agriculture and surface runoff. Sediments retention basins are the small version of farm pond used where a criteria of farm pond is not met. Such basin traps the pollutants and suspended solids prior to entry into streams and lakes. The study is focused with special reference to the assessment and control of non point source pollution(NPSP) from the sub basin area of Tai Lake in the Xishan County of Wuxi City of China. The author suggested two different approaches to conduct this study including theoretical design for sedimentation retention basin and computation of flow, sediment transport and deposition during the artificial impoundment of retention basin for BMP's utilization. Theoretical design will provide a useful function as a first line defense against the movement of sediments and transport of pollutants into the Tai Lake while the assessment of sediments deposition will help to make its proper use and periodic cleanup.

Fuel Consumption System

Fleet Management System (FMS) is a highly applicable system which gets more and more attention among industrial field. Recent years, fuel consumption has become one of the most concerned topics, hence, establishment of a fuel consumption monitoring system is required. In this study, based-on the FMS, a system which was capable of precisely monitoring and calculating the fuel consumption was designed. This FMS was composed of the front end Vehicle Tracking System (VTS) and the back end Management Server (MS). VTS was established and installed into the vehicles, based on several well-known technologies, such as Mobile Telecommunications Technology of GPRS or 3G, Global Positioning System (GPS), and On-Board Diagnostics II (OBD-II). In addition, VTS was also connected with the Vehicle Electronic Control Unit (VECU) through the OBD-II interface. By using GPRS/3G technology and the TCP/IP communication protocol, real-time vehicle operation data obtained from the OBD-II and positioning information from the GPS could be sent backward to the MS. The MS was designed through JBoss Developer Studio, and included the Data Collector (DC) and Web server. The DC gathers data sent back from VTS and the Web server calculates and decides the vehicle's present situation according to the data. The result can also be presented on websites by the Web server. In this study, the fuel consumption status of vehicles could be performed. Furthermore, the Web service also provided the users instant online manipulation.

Application of CVAM-based management accounting in mobile telecommunication enterprises

CVAM-based management accounting emphasizes that enterprises should make efforts not only to provide goods or service to customers but also to create value for customers. In practice, customer value should be measured reasonably first. Then according to its condition, enterprise can apply the CVAM-based management accounting method by improving management quality, perfecting costing planning, brand operation and business innovation to create value for customers thus achieving increase of corporate value as well as social value.

基于Pub/Sub模型的天地一体化网络移动性管理方法

天地一体化网络中,星基网络具有时变性,从而导致天地一体化网络难以采用传统地基网络体系完成终端管理。针对这一问题,提出低轨卫星或天基终端发生移动时主动更新位置信息,由低轨卫星充当天基终端的移动接入网关(MAG),由高轨卫星组成的网络充当天基网络的移动性管理代理(MMA),移动终端和低轨卫星的移动性控制信息由基于Pub/Sub的模型来管理,以维护MAG之间和MAG与地面网关(GW)之间的隧道,从而减少星间移动性管理消息交互和移动过程对传统PMIP网络的LMA和HA的依赖,提升了移动性管理的效率和可靠性。仿真结果表明,与传统MIP相比,基于Pub/Sub模型的天地一体化网络移动性管理方法以少量信令开销为代价,取得了传输时延方面的明显优势。

A Clustering-tree Topology Control Based on the Energy Forecast for Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks

How to design an energy-efficient algorithm to maximize the network lifetime in complicated scenarios is a critical problem for heterogeneous wireless sensor networks (HWSN). In this paper, a clustering-tree topology control algorithm based on the energy forecast (CTEF) is proposed for saving energy and ensuring network load balancing, while considering the link quality, packet loss rate, etc. In CTEF, the average energy of the network is accurately predicted per round (the lifetime of the network is denoted by rounds) in terms of the difference between the ideal and actual average residual energy using central limit theorem and normal distribution mechanism, simultaneously. On this basis, cluster heads are selected by cost function (including the energy, link quality and packet loss rate) and their distance. The non-cluster heads are determined to join the cluster through the energy, distance and link quality. Furthermore, several non-cluster heads in each cluster are chosen as the relay nodes for transmitting data through multi-hop communication to decrease the load of each cluster-head and prolong the lifetime of the network. The simulation results show the efficiency of CTEF. Compared with low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH), energy dissipation forecast and clustering management (EDFCM) and efficient and dynamic clustering scheme (EDCS) protocols, CTEF has longer network lifetime and receives more data packets at base station. © 2014 Chinese Association of Automation.

A MULTI-AGENT SYSTEM FOR MANAGING THE QUALITY OF SERVICE IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS

In this paper we propose X-MAQoS, a novel XML-based multi-agent system for the QoS management in telecommunications networks. This system is characterized by the following features: (i) it handles a user profile and exploits it jointly with suitable network resource management techniques to maximize user satisfaction; (ii) it is capable of operating in a large variety of telecommunications networks; (iii) it is semi-automatic; (iv) it exploits XML for guaranteeing a light, versatile and standard mechanism for information representation, storing and exchange. In this paper the basic features of the system are discussed in details. Furthermore, the main results of a performance evaluation study in UMTS environment, aiming at comparing X-MAQoS with alternative agent-based approaches for handling user access to telecommunications networks, are reported.

服务总线支持Pub-Sub模式的路由研究

近年来,随着电信行业业务应用的发展,对电信业务服务质量提出了更高的要求。面向服务的体系结构(SOA)提供面向业务的系统框架。采用SOA架构的电信业务系统能满足处理性能、稳定性、完整性及其智能化程度等因素上的高要求。本文以电信行业业务服务性能为目的,从SOA架构的核心基础设施企业服务总线(ESB)对服务路由的支持着眼,提供服务跨系统的Pub/Sub交互,在基础设施上满足服务性能需求,并应用到电信行业中。

Sub-lethal effects of Beauveria bassiana(Balsamo) on field populations of the potato tuberworm Phthorimaea operculella Zeller in China

The potato tuberworm Phthorimaea operculella Zeller, is one of the most important potato pests worldwide including China. Several reports indicate that P. operculella could be controlled biologically by the use of beneficial fungus such as Beauveria bassiana(Bals.-Criv) Vuill. However, limited information is available under growing conditions in China. Thus, this study evaluated the sub-lethal effects of B. bassiana on the offspring of P. operculella by the age-stage, two-sex life table. First instar larva of P. operculella were treated with 1×107 conidia m L–1 of the fungus, and several biological parameters were evaluated. The fecundity, duration of the egg stage, all larval stages, pre-adult stage, and total pre-oviposition period, were significantly shorter than the control treatment. Offspring of treated parents, presented a net reproductive rate and mean generation time of 17.43 per day and 24.98 days, respectively, compared to 65.79 per day and 26.51 days for the untreated ones. This study provides basic information to help understanding the potential long-term effects of entomopathogenic fungi on P. operculella.

Digital management technology and its application to investment casting enterprises

With the advent of Industry 4.0, more and more investment casting enterprises are implementing production manufacturing systems, especially in the last two years. This paper summarizes three new common requirements of the digital management aspect in precision casting enterprises, and puts forward three corresponding techniques. They are: the production process tracking card technology based on the main-sub card mode; the workshop site production process processing technology based on the barcode; and the equipment data integration technology. Then, this paper discusses in detail the principle, application and effect of these technologies; to provide the reference for enterprises to move towards digital casting and intelligent casting.

Getting Pregnant after Infertility Management without Assisted Reproductive Technology in a Low-Income Setting

Getting pregnant after infertility management is a more challenging situation in some under equipped sub-Saharan setting. To highlight the determinants of conception without Assisted Reproductive technology (ART) in a low-income area. The current study concerned 2958 patients who sought care for infertility in the University Clinic of Kinshasa et the Centre Medical Edith, from January 2003 to December 2013. For them, any technique of ART was used. Age of patients ranged from 18 to 49 with average of 33.2 ± 5.6 years old. After treatment, 249 (9%) patients conceived (clinical pregnancy). Most of the patients who conceived were less than 36 years, without history of illegal abortions et who suffered from genital infections. The treatments closely associated with conception were antibiotics (73%), hydrotubation (12%) ovulation inductors (11%) and gynecologic surgery (4%). In that setting, ART is a must. Very few infertility problems, apart from infection and its consequences, can get solution.

Species Diversity Based on Vertical Structure as Indicators of Artificial Restoration for Coniferous Forests in Southwest China

Five indices of species richness, species diversity and species evenness were used to assess a diversity of four types of coniferous forests undergone different artificial regeneration time. The study was based on the vertical structure of forests, involving growth-forms of total plants as well as vertical layers of woody plants. The results showed that, except for the fourth layer of woody plants, the vertical structure of the four forests exhibited significant difference in terms of their species richness, species diversity and species evenness, suggesting that a species diversity index provided more detailed information and was a better index reflecting the regeneration processes in this region. It was recommended that silvicultural management of artificially regenerated forests should be strengthened to conserve the biodiversity of the forests, optimize forest structure and, in the long run, promote sustainable development of forest ecosystems.

Quality of Diabetes Annual Management in the Internal Medicine Department in Yalgado Ouédraogo Teaching Hospital, Ouagadougou

Introduction: The periodic management of diabetes improves disease’s prognosis. We aimed to evaluate the quality of diabetes annual management and the effectiveness of its treatment in Ouagadougou. Material and Method: It was a cross-sectional and descriptive study, from retrospective records in the internal medicine department, Yalgado Ouédraogo Teaching Hospital (CHU-YO). Diabetic patient’s (15 years old and more) files that were registered between January, 2012 and December, 2016 have been analyzed. Files containing less than 80% data were excluded. Data relating to the baseline characteristics of the patients, the therapeutic education dispensation, the clinical and paraclinical assessment of the initial and annual visits at the first year of patient’s follow-up have been collected. The 2007 diabetes management standards of the French “Haute Autorité de Santé” as well as the biological standards of the same instance have been used. The quantitative variables were expressed as means and standard deviations and qualitative variables were expressed as absolute and relative frequencies. Results: 317 patients, including 218 women (68.77%) were studied. The mean age of women was 51.67 ± 12.46 years, and that of men 55.71 ± 10.63. Diabetes was type 2 in 302 (95.26%) patients. The mean duration since the diagnosis of diabetes was 2.9 years. The completeness rate of therapeutic education at the annual visit was 10.46%. That of the clinical examinations was at best 38.17% and 44.23% for the measurement of weight and blood pressure;otherwise it was less than 5%. About the paraclinical data, apart from the measurement of the fasting blood glucose which completeness rate was 71.61%, that of the others exams were less than 10%. At the annual visit, the mean value of HbA1C was 7.5%, and the target for HbA1C was achieved in 47.90% patients. Conclusion: The quality of diabetes annual management is unsatisfying. A structural improvement and the adaptation of guidelines are needed.

Informix数据库在电信网管和计费等领域的技术及应用

传统上电信运营分为企业管理、业务支持系统、运营支持服务和智能网服务4个主要方面,作为连接业务与技术桥梁的数据库,在所有领域中无所不在。数据库系统必须具备可伸缩性、高可靠性、可扩展性等特点才能满足电信服务提供商的要求。Informix以其动态服务器、通用数据选件、DataBlade模块和与Web应用相集成的选件等数据库产品,为电信业提供了多种先进的解决方案。

一种基于云边端架构的雷达组网协同系统设计方案

在现代战争的复杂电磁环境下,基于雷达组网的预警与防空作战体系是应对隐身作战飞机、巡飞弹、无人机、超高音速导弹等多种新质作战对象所形成的多维度多层次立体突防威胁的必然选择。雷达组网系统的协同体系架构是实现防空系统效能增量的关键。文中提出了一种基于云边端架构的雷达组网协同系统设计方案,介绍了以高精度北斗设备为时间频率同步基准的多站空时频同步方法,设计了一种软件化雷达实现方案和两级管控的资源管控系统,阐述了系统能够支持的协同方式及任务类型,详细说明了以子任务为最小颗粒度的资源管控机制,针对任务级和参数级协同任务,揭示了组网系统实时远程紧密闭环反馈式控制原理。最后对本系统的预案设计过程进行了介绍。

新型冠状病毒感染呼吸亚重症病房建设及运行模式探讨

随着我国新型冠状病毒感染防控措施的不断优化和调整,临床医疗工作重心逐步向“保健康、防重症”转移。为了提升危重症患者的救治能力,北京大学第三医院改造了21个亚重症病房,打破科室、专业壁垒,进行统筹协调。文章介绍了呼吸亚重症病房的实施路径和制度建设,总结了相关经验和成效,对平战结合联合病房管理模式进行了思考。

亚专业联合优化质量追溯系统在CSSD日间骨科手术器械管理中的应用效果研究

目的探讨基于亚专业联合优化质量追溯系统构建消毒供应中心(Central Sterile Supply Department,CSSD)日间骨科手术器械供应质量管理模式。方法在CSSD传统信息追溯系统的基础上构建亚专业系统体系,并对其进行优化管理,实现数据分析与回溯、反馈与预警。选取2022年1—6月采取常规质量追溯管理的日间骨科5018件无菌包作为对照组;选取2022年7—12月采取亚专业联合优化质量追溯管理的日间骨科5107件无菌包作为实验组;比较2种模式下2组器械管理质量、供应质量缺陷、追溯管理质量缺陷、手术医护综合满意度。结果实验组器械回收、清洗、包装、灭菌流程、发放管理质量显著高于对照组;实验组急件器械处置时效和无菌包发放缺陷情况显著低于对照组;实验组无菌包全流程周期处置不合格率、不良预警事件发生率显著低于对照组;实验组手术医护综合满意度显著高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论亚专业联合优化质量追溯系统在CSSD日间骨科手术器械管理中效果显著,提高了CSSD器械管理质量,提升了供应效率,规避了供应不良事件发生,扩大了信息预警提示,降低了手术医疗风险,维持了手术室和CSSD良好合作氛围。

“乡财县管”改革、财政支出结构与基本公共服务供给

“乡财县管”是我国省以下财政体制改革的关键环节,更是应对乡镇政府财政困难的主要政策。本文通过构建“乡财县管→财政支出结构→农村基本公共服务”的理论逻辑框架,层层探究“乡财县管”改革对农村基本公共服务供给的影响机理。研究发现:(1)“乡财县管”改革规范了乡镇政府财政支出管理,有效控制了不合理开支,切实改善了生产性支出和民生性支出的总体水平,有利于推动农村基本公共服务供给的增长;(2)“乡财县管”加剧了乡镇政府的财政压力,使其更多地依靠转移支付来促进经济建设领域的发展,进而挤占民生性支出,阻碍农村基本公共服务供给质量和水平的提升;(3)“乡财县管”扩大了县级政府的裁量权,使政府官员短期内在晋升激励下倾向于增加生产性支出。但长期来看,理性的县级官员会积极增加民生性支出,提升农村基本公共服务供给以获得民意支持。

ICU护理亚专科管理模式的构建与应用

目的:探讨ICU护理亚专科管理模式在ICU患者临床救治中的应用效果。方法:基于当前ICU患者的实际需求,制定精准、系统的组织架构、工作流程、联动机制、质控体系、动态跟访、科研转化等管理方案,构建一套护理亚专科多元联动、多向补充、协同发展的双向反馈机制的工作模式。采取类实验方法,将ICU护理亚专科管理模式实施前(2021年1月1日至12月31日)的患者设为对照组,ICU护理亚专科管理模式实施后(2022年1月1日至12月31日)的患者设为干预组,比较实施前后护士的核心能力、专科业务、敏感指标、满意度以及实施前后对患者产生的影响。结果:ICU护理亚专科管理模式实施后提升了护士的核心能力,减少了患者住院时间和机械通气时间,降低患者再入ICU率、ICU获得性衰弱、ICU获得性吞咽障碍、失禁性皮炎的发生率,降低非计划性拔管占比,提高了患者、护士、医生以及学生的满意度,差异均有统计学意义。结论:ICU护理亚专科管理模式的构建,可有效促进ICU护理亚专科建设、护理人员核心能力提升、重塑护理内涵、改善患者预后,最终促进医院护理事业的良性、可持续的发展。