Construction and Practice of Transformation System of Scientific and Technological Achievements in Agriculture:A Case Study of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences

Accelerating the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements is a key link in implementing innovation-driven development strategy and rural revitalization strategy,and improving development quality and core competitiveness.How to build a scientific and systematic transformation system of scientific and technological achievements and improve the overall management level of scientific and technological achievements transformation of agricultural scientific research institutes is one of the key tasks to measure how a scientific research institute supports industry and serves society.Taking the Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences as an example,this paper explores the construction and practice of its scientific and technological achievements transformation system since the 13 th Five-Year Plan period.By arranging the current situation of resource elements for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements,analyzing the progress of the construction of the scientific and technological achievements transformation system,summarizing the practical results of the scientific and technological achievements transformation system,this paper puts forward 10 strategies and measures(implementing key projects for the transformation and application of scientific and technological achievements;striving to promote the transformation and application of on-duty scientific and technological achievements;accelerating the development and utilization of advantageous and characteristic resources;strengthening the use and protection of intellectual property rights;actively expanding cooperation activities between government,industry and research;increasing special financial support for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements;innovating state-owned asset management to accelerate scientific and technological development;piloting equity incentives to expand scientific and technological development channels to increase income;striving to create a relaxed environment for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements,effectively create scientific and technological value,enhance the development strength of the institute,and promote high-quality industrial development)in order to provide a useful reference for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements of agricultural research institutes.

The Historic Achievements of the Communist Party of China in Respecting and Protecting Human Rights in the New Era

In the new era,the Communist Party of China(CPC)has made historic achievements in respecting and protecting human rights.Building upon the principle of the“two integrations”(integrating the basic tenets of Marxism with China’s specific realities and fine traditional culture),it has nurtured new theories on respecting and protecting human rights in the new era,which can address the fundamental questions of whom and what the human rights protection efforts in the new era are for.Guided by the principle of“taking our own path,”it has charted a distinct course for the development of human rights,diverging from the Western approach.The CPC has maintained the unity between Party leadership and the respect for and protection of human rights,promoting progress in human rights through the pursuit of“high-quality development,”and ensuring various fundamental rights of the people through the rule of law.Building upon the past experience,the CPC has established the“source”of the institutional framework for respecting and protecting human rights in the new era,crafted the“body”of this institutional framework,and introduced its practical“application.”In promoting the comprehensive advancement of human rights protection,the CPC has facilitated the connotative development of human rights protection in China,empowering China in international human rights discourse,and contributing Chinese strength and wisdom to global human rights governance.

The Insights and Influence of the Sydney Accord on the Teaching Reform of Vocational Education in China: A Case Study of Professional Curriculum Achievement Evaluation

Scientific curriculum evaluation methods are critical for achieving talent training objectives.The Sydney Accord,one of the three major engineering education certification agreements,focuses on the training of“engineering technologists.”Its logical system and three core principles align well with the connotation development of professional construction in China’s higher vocational colleges,offering significant insights for promoting reform and development in engineering education in Chinese colleges and universities.By incorporating the core principles,elements,and graduate quality defined in the Sydney Accord and focusing on the evaluation of curriculum achievement against“graduation requirements,”the quality of vocational education can be enhanced,making it an important direction for future teaching reforms in vocational education.

A Study on the Impact of Voice-to-Text Technology on Academic Achievement of the Hearing-Impaired

Hearing loss is a significant barrier to academic achievement,with hearing-impaired(HI)individuals often facing challenges in speech recognition,language development,and social interactions.Lip-reading,a crucial skill for HI individuals,is essential for effective communication and learning.However,the COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated the challenges faced by HI individuals,with the face masks hindering lip-reading.This literature review explores the relationship between hearing loss and academic achievement,highlighting the importance of lip-reading and the potential of artificial intelligence(AI)techniques in mitigating these challenges.The introduction of Voice-to-Text(VtT)technology,which provides real-time text captions,can significantly improve speech recognition and academic performance for HI students.AI models,such as Hidden Markov models and Transformer models,can enhance the accuracy and robustness of VtT technology in diverse educational settings.Furthermore,VtT technology can facilitate better teacher-student interactions,provide transcripts of lectures and classroom discussions,and bridge the gap in standardized testing performance between HI and hearing students.While challenges and limitations exist,the successful implementation of VtT technology can promote inclusive education and enhance academic achievement.Future research directions include popularizing VtT technology,addressing technological barriers,and customizing VtT systems to cater to individual needs.

Research on the Mechanism and Strategy of Equity Investment Driving the Transformation of New Material Innovation Achievements

Under the wave of global technological revolution,the new materials industry is facing difficulties in innovation and transformation.Equity investment has become a key driving force due to its flexible mechanism,risk sharing,and deep participation.Based on introducing the current development status of China’s new materials industry,this article reveals the mechanism of equity investment in financial support,risk management,incentive constraints,and resource integration.The article proposes optimization strategies,such as building an information-sharing mechanism and a diversified investment fund system,to promote the high-quality development of the new materials industry driven by innovation and provide strategic guidance for policymakers,investors,and enterprises.

The Impact of Urban and Rural Education Gap on Student Achievement Differences

With our country’s social development,the gap between urban and rural education has become increasingly obvious,especially the difference in student achievement.This study aims to explore the impact of the urban-rural education gap on student achievement.The study adopts a quantitative analysis method to collect and analyze the academic performance,learning resources,and social resources of urban and rural students.The results show that the unbalanced distribution of educational resources in urban and rural areas is the key factor leading to the gap in students’achievement.For example,urban education resources are abundant while rural education resources are relatively scarce.At the same time,the difference in social environment and family economic status also have a significant impact on student achievement.The differences between urban and rural areas,particularly in terms of family economic conditions and their ability to invest in education,further widen the gap between urban and rural education.The results of this study can provide a reference for reducing the gap between urban and rural education and improving the academic performance of rural students.A fair education policy is essential to narrow the gap between urban and rural education resources distribution,so as to improve the equality of education in society.

中国银矿成矿规律与百年勘查成果及新一轮找矿突破行动建议--《中国矿产地质志·银矿卷》研编

银是人类最早开发利用的元素之一,随着社会的发展和科技的进步,银的新材料属性日益突出。中国是银矿资源相对丰富的国家之一,自1990年以来,尤其是自2010年以来,中国银矿找矿勘查取得较大突破,新增银资源储量超过55000 t,新发现银矿产地超过53处,探获了包括双尖子山超大型银矿在内的大量银矿。中国银矿有7个主要矿床类型,以热液型和陆相火山-次火山型最为重要,资源储量分别为161271 t和48870 t,分别占总量的49.5%和15%。中国银矿主要产于中生代,查明银资源储量为266476 t,占比达74.25%;空间上呈“东多西少”的分布格局。大兴安岭成矿带及其邻区查明银资源储量超过86000 t,是中国最重要的银矿产区和找矿潜力区。运用成矿系列理论,寻找新矿区或新类型银矿、老银矿区外围和深部以及在成银带内找银矿等是中国银矿找矿勘查的重要方向。

科研成果转化本科综合实验的探索与实践—以BiOCl光催化降解染料为例

通过科研成果转化为教学资源,将科研成果及时融入到教学实践过程中,是高校改革的需要,也是培养学生的创新意识、创造性思维,提高人才培养质量的有效途径。本文设计了过渡金属钴Co掺杂BiOCl(Co-BiOCl)光催化降解染料废水综合创新实验,通过溶剂热方法制备得到了Co-BiOCl,运用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)表征,对Co-BiOCl的形貌、晶体结构等进行了研究,以染料罗丹明B(RhB)为目标污染物,考察了Co-BiOCl的光催化降解性能。文章探析了该科研成果转化为优质教学资源的过程及方法,探究培养学生科研素养的途径,实现培养创新型人才的目的,为科研成果转化为教学资源的可持续性发展提供参考。

医院科研管理系统设计与实现

目的:适应医院科研业务的庞大规模和复杂需求,设计并建立一套医院科研管理系统,推动数据共享和业务联动,改善用户体验。方法:开发一个包含项目管理、经费管理和成果管理等模块的医院科研管理系统,将业务流程电子化。利用大数据治理技术和移动互联网技术,分别构建论文网推和移动科研模块。通过接口或中间库实现与医院资源规划(HRP)系统及其他科研平台的对接。结果:医院科研管理系统显著提高了科研项目和经费管理的效率,缩短了科研人员处理事务性业务的时间,改善了用户体验。通过系统对接,实现了跨部门、跨系统的数据共享和业务协同。结论:医院科研管理系统的建设不仅可满足日常科研业务管理需求,还推动了医院科研管理的创新探索。

绩效报酬影响创造力的短期效应与长期效应“悖论”

塑造并引导个体着眼长远的激励体系是当前推进科技自强亟待破解的理论难题。现有研究多以横截面研究为主,忽视了动态视角下的时间效应。鉴于绩效报酬激励体系在激发创造力的过程中产生的两种目标导向:着眼于当下追求短期价值的表现目标导向(PGO)和着眼于学习发展寻求长期价值的精熟目标导向(MGO)。而目标的选择取决于基于时间折扣的利弊权衡“算计思维”。据此,基于时间动机理论,本文构建了一个有关绩效激励的时间动机模型,并据此设计两项研究,旨在探索考虑时间折扣影响下的短期和长期绩效报酬如何影响个体目标导向的选择进而决定其创造力。研究1的横截面研究揭示,短期内,绩效报酬强度促进个体趋近PGO远离MGO,从而负向预测创造力。研究2通过纵向的潜变量增长模型和HLM模型结果揭示,长期内,绩效报酬强度促进个体趋近MGO远离PGO,从而正向预测创造力。研究揭示了绩效报酬激励效应的时间变化轨迹和目标导向逆转现象,即随着时间的推移,绩效报酬制度引导员工逐渐从趋近PGO远离MGO,转向趋近MGO远离PGO,从而形成一个长短期“悖论”:绩效报酬制度在短期内抑制创造力而在长期内促进创造力。本文的贡献在于创建了一个时间心理计量框架,为完善以绩效报酬为核心的激励制度提供了理论和管理启示。

课题达成型品管圈在治疗药物监测多学科团队合作模式构建中的实践和成效

目的基于课题达成型品管圈管理方法构建治疗药物监测(TDM)多学科团队合作模式,提升医疗服务质量。方法确定“TDM多学科团队合作模式构建和应用”为活动主题,按照课题达成型品管圈的基本步骤开展并对活动前后的成果进行评价。结果活动实施后,构建了TDM多学科团队合作模式,实施了服务技能培养和效率提升策略,并搭建了智能化信息交互平台。活动成效显著,涵盖管理指标、能力指标、信息指标和效率指标的8项目标均得到提升,目标达标率113.48%,进步率62.46%。改善后TDM全流程规范率达95%,临床满意度93%,专业药师储备人数增加3人,药师考核合格率95%,TDM服务质控合格率92%,患者满意度95%,信息交互准确性95%,信息交互及时性100%。品管圈活动后,团队成员在品管圈手法运用、团队协作、责任感、自信心等方面得到明显提升。结论在医院TDM管理中应用课题达成型品管圈成功构建了多学科团队合作模式,提升了管理指标及工作人员综合素质。

科研成果转化为本科教学内容的探索与实践——以电子设备热管理专业为例

该文分析电子设备热管理专业现有教学模式存在的问题,提出科研成果教学资源化的改革方法,构建教学与科研成果、科创活动紧密结合的创新人才培养新模式,解决现有教学过程中以考试为导向培养学生应试能力而不注重创新能力的问题。通过跨界课程体系重构、项目成果进课堂教学思路,以及科创竞赛贯通式实践思路,帮学生健全完备的跨界知识图谱,增强课程的实践性,克服传统教学中专业单一化严重、学科交叉不足、跨界知识壁垒高和实践性不强等难题。

新工科背景下以OBE为导向的机电传动与控制课程教学改革

该文针对机电传动与控制课程教学中存在的问题,以新工科和OBE理念的成果导向、市场对人才的实际需求为切入点,提出一系列教学改革措施。引入典型工程应用微课视频作为教学引导,指引学生在问题中寻求解决方案,促进学生高阶思维的发展;增加工程实践性实验,让学生在实践中理解理论,帮助学生将所学知识应用到实际案例和项目中;多样化的评价考核方式,兼顾学生的共性与个性的差异,更好地衡量学生的学习成果和能力。教学改革取得一定的成果,学生的理论学习和工程实践能力都得到提升,可为其他学科的教学提供新思路。

“双高计划”背景下高职院校建设:成效、挑战和发展路径——基于首轮197所“双高计划”高职院校的资料分析

对首轮197所“双高计划”高职院校中期自评报告、总结验收报告及官网成果展示等资料进行分析,发现多数高职院校在服务国家战略和区域发展、提升高素质技术技能人才培养能力、推动职业教育“走出去”等方面都取得了显著成效。为推动实施新一轮“双高计划”,通过分析面临的挑战,提出加强思想政治教育、落实立德树人根本任务,创新产教融合机制、推动“四链”有效衔接,以“五金”建设为引领、提升关键办学能力等举措,希望能够促进新时代职业教育高质量发展。

高校科技成果转化考核评价现状及提升策略

高水平科技自立自强是事关国家全局和长远发展的系统工程,高质量科技成果转化是实现高水平科技自立自强的重要抓手。高校构建科学的科技成果考核评价机制,对于稳定高校科研工作的市场化导向、实现科技服务于生产、推进科技强国建设具有重要意义。然而,目前北京所实施的高校科技成果转化考核评价明显存在科技成果考核评价导向不科学、科技成果考核评价的主体界限模糊、缺乏过程性评价等问题。对此,文章提出了要改革评价导向,完善科技成果评价体系;厘清评价主体界定,落实多元主体评价;强调过程性考评,充分挖掘阶段性效益;加强成果转化激励,激发科研人员积极性;建立信息共享平台,促进科技成果供需对接;强化产学研合作,推动科技成果有效转化等对策。

素养导向嵌入式评价系统的设计与实施

在素养导向的课程改革理念指导下,推进当前课程改革需要构建与课程和教学相整合的素养导向嵌入式评价系统。该系统以学生的核心素养发展为主线,以素养导向的学业成就表现进阶为参照框架,通过任务设计、评分和测量学建模等方式,整合贯穿课程学习过程的不同评价证据,构建能够呈现学生素养发展历程的纵向测量尺度,提供有实质内容、能改进教学和学习的持续反馈信息。设计和实施素养导向嵌入式评价系统要强调教师和学生的主导地位,重视教师评价素养、评价协调机制、数字化支持平台等方面的建设工作。

基于目标达成理论的健康教育对急性心肌梗死病人心血管危险因素自我管理能力及心功能的影响

目的:探讨基于目标达成理论的健康教育对急性心肌梗死(AMI)病人心血管危险因素自我管理能力、心功能的影响。方法:便利抽取2022年5月—2023年5月江阴市中医院心内科收治的AMI病人104例作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为两组,各52例。对照组行常规健康指导,观察组实施基于目标达成理论的健康教育,比较两组病人干预后自我管理能力、心功能及生活质量,记录两组不良事件发生率。结果:干预后观察组自我管理能力总分、西雅图心绞痛量表5个维度(心绞痛稳定性、心绞痛发作情况、疗效满意度、躯体受限程度、疾病认知程度)评分均高于对照组,观察组左心室射血分数(LVEF)、6 min步行试验(6MWT)结果优于对照组,观察组不良心血管事件发生率(1.92%)低于对照组(15.38%),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:基于目标达成理论的健康教育有助于提高AMI病人自我管理能力,改善病人心功能,降低不良心脏事件发生率,从而提高病人的生活质量。

高学业成绩大学生学业情绪与成绩的关系以及预测其积极学业情绪的链式中介机制

学业情境中的情绪调节模型(ERAS)阐释了学业情绪的生成以及调节过程.基于该模型,该研究检验了学业情绪与高学业成绩的关系,以及高成绩学生积极学业情绪的链式中介机制.采用学业情绪、学业价值感、学业情绪调节目标、学业情绪调节策略等问卷调查了1188名大学生,并根据专业课和公共课的成绩进行数据分析.结果表明:成绩前30%大学生的积极学业情绪显著高于成绩后30%大学生,但消极学业情绪显著低于后30%;在高成绩学生中,学业价值感通过积极学业情绪调节目标和认知改变的链式中介预测其积极学业情绪.研究表明积极学业情绪是保障优秀成绩的重要心理因素,为大学生学业提升提供了新思路.

中国遗迹化石研究创新阶段成就与展望

遗迹化石是生物成因的沉积构造,在古生物学研究中有着十分重要的意义。中国遗迹学发展历经了零星(1929~1978)、系统(1978~2004)与创新(2004~现在)研究3个阶段。在创新阶段,我国遗迹学家在①地质转折时期生物与环境协同演化;②特殊遗迹化石;③新技术与方法的应用;④现代遗迹学研究这4方面取得了显著成就。笔者等在系统回顾总结我国近年来遗迹学研究重要成果的基础上,展望了未来遗迹学发展的5个方向:实验遗迹学、遗迹化石的地球生物学、遗迹学新理论、陆相遗迹化石研究及大数据和人工智能的应用。随着遗迹化石研究的不断深入,遗迹学这门古老学科一定会受到更多关注,未来必将会在古生物学、地层学、沉积学和古地理学研究中发挥更大作用。

研究型医院科技成果转化成效分析——以广东省某高校附属医院为例

目的探讨医学科技成果转化的有效途径,促进研究型医院建设。方法对广东省某高校附属医院近6年(2018—2023年)科技成果转化成果进行统计,分析讨论医院在成果转化过程中的困境、采取的措施以及目前取得的成效。结果该院获专利授权总量、授权科室数量逐年增长,转化率由2019年0转化上升至2023年6.69%,目前已完成转化项目46项,转化金额超3000万元,医学科技成果转化成效显著。结论医院高度重视并整体部署管理,建立健全管理架构,完善激励及支持制度,定期开展专题宣讲、培训和指导等方面开展系列工作,引导科研人员从临床问题出发并最终服务临床诊疗,有助于营造良好转化环境,提升转化率,从而促进科技成果转化,促进研究型医院发展。