Tannins are capable of producing natural dyes with antioxidant and antibacterial propertis,while synthetic dyes are commonly used in the textile industry,causing environmental issues like water pollution.This research...Tannins are capable of producing natural dyes with antioxidant and antibacterial propertis,while synthetic dyes are commonly used in the textile industry,causing environmental issues like water pollution.This research aims to utilize waste tannins as natural dyes as an alternative to synthetic dyes.This study examined the effect of the extraction method on tannin properties such as phenolic content,antioxidants,and antibacterial activity.In addition,Pyrolysis Gas Chromatography‒Mass Spectrometry(Py-GCMS)analysis was used to identify the effect of extraction temperature on the chemical elucidation of tannin.The effect of tannin concentration was evaluated against four bacteria that are usually found on human skin:Staphylococcus epidermidis,Bacillus subtilis,Propionibacterium acnes,and Staphylococcus aureus.Extraction temperature significantly influences the chemical composition of tannin,which leads to different antioxidant properties.The maximum antibacterial properties of tannin were obtained at 90℃with the inhibition zone in the range of 0.9–1.0 mm against four bacteria,tannin yield of 26.59%,Gallic Acid Equivalents or total phenolic content(GAE)of 40.30 mg/g,and Radical Scavenging Activity or antioxidant activity(RSA)of 89.88%.Moreover,the concentration of tannin was significantly linear with its antibacterial properties.Tannin was successfully applied to the textile by using alum as a mordanting agent to create an antibacterial textile.The textile’s bacterial structure damage was analyzed under Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy(FESEM).After 50 washings,tannin-textiles with alum-modified properties remained stable compared to those without alum,with S.aureus and S.epidermidis being the most vulnerable bacteria,as confirmed by FESEM images.Hence,tannin is a feasible alternative to harmful and nondegradable synthetic dyes and antibacterial agents.展开更多
Active restoration is a critical component of biodiversity conservation for degraded tropical forest ecosystems caused by artisanal gold mining, and the success of restoration is dependent on native species selection....Active restoration is a critical component of biodiversity conservation for degraded tropical forest ecosystems caused by artisanal gold mining, and the success of restoration is dependent on native species selection. However, significant knowledge gaps exist regarding when and where to plant trees. This article reports on a revegetation trial undertaken in St Elizabeth, Mahdia, Guyana, to assess the survival and RGR (Relative Growth Rate) of three native woody trees and shrubs planted within three years old Acacia mangium Willd trees pruned and unpruned blocks. ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) for a completely randomized block design with four blocks, two pruned and two unpruned, within A. mangium plots. Biochar treatment was added to the plants during transplanting. Thirty-six (36) wildlings of Humiria balsamifera (Aublet.) (Tauroniro), Goupia glabra Aublet (Kabukalli), and Vismia guianensis (Aublet.) Choisy (Bloodwood) were collected and raised in a tree nursery for two weeks. The native plants were transplanted 3 m apart, survival observations and each seedling’s initial height and diameter were measured and recorded. After the experiment, 13% of seedlings from a population of 720 had died, with the highest mortality being experienced at the 92 days of the experiment (t ≤ 122 days). While the overall survival rates were high, emphasizing the importance of field trials on native and exotic species in different environments is essential to fill the knowledge gaps on suitable species for restoration in degraded areas with other land use histories.展开更多
This paper sets out to determine the link between socio-economic attributes of smallholders, silvicultural activity and the stand quality of Acacia mangium and Eucalyptus urophylla plantations in two unrelated commune...This paper sets out to determine the link between socio-economic attributes of smallholders, silvicultural activity and the stand quality of Acacia mangium and Eucalyptus urophylla plantations in two unrelated communes in Phu Tho province, Vietnam. The necessary data was collected by interviewing the smallholders and conducting inventory of the stands. The data was analyzed with descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney tests and Spearman correlations. More silvicultural practices were conducted by A. mangium planters with larger areas. Most of the smallholders practiced the suggested silvicultural activities. Productivity was affected by pruning in medium quality sites. This research recommends that smallholders were supported with incentives for the plantation establishment, education for smallholders in silvicultural techniques, organization and development activities for the wider market.展开更多
In addition to bioenergy production, Acacia magium, a fast growing species, plays a major role in climate change mitigation through carbon sequestration from the atmosphere. The objective of this study was to improve ...In addition to bioenergy production, Acacia magium, a fast growing species, plays a major role in climate change mitigation through carbon sequestration from the atmosphere. The objective of this study was to improve estimates of aboveground biomass of 3, 7 and 11 years old stands of Acacia mangium set up through natural regeneration at Anguédédou in C?te d’Ivoire. Tree measurements were done in circular plots of 615 m2 located at the center of each stand. 24 trees of circumference at breast height (cbh) between 31 and 116 cm were felled, weighed and measured. Multiple linear regressions were used to develop allometric equations linking aboveground biomass of trees to cbh and/or height. The carbon stock and sequestration capacity of each stand was assessed using these predictive models. The average cbh was 39.4 cm, 73.5 cm and 91.4 cm respectively for 3, 7 and 11 years old stands with a density ranging between 845 trees·ha-1 and 553 trees·ha-1. The allometric equations for biomass estimation were Btotal aboveground = exp(-3.455 + 2.081 × ln(C)), Btrunk = exp (-5.153 + 1.681 × ln(C) + 1.056 × ln(H)), Bbranches = exp(-2.005 + 0.498 × ln(C2 × H)), Bleaves = exp(-2.415 + 1.339 × ln(C)). Total height had no influence on total and leaf biomass but increased precision of trunk and branch biomass. The carbon sequestration capacity of aboveground biomass was highest in Acacia mangium stand of 7 years old with 45.14 teqCO2·ha-1·year-1 and lowest in the 3-year stand with 33.90 teqCO2·ha-1·year-1.展开更多
基金funded by the JASTIP-RISH 2022(S-08)RIIM 2023 Batch 4,National Research and Innovation Agency(BRIN)Indonesia.
文摘Tannins are capable of producing natural dyes with antioxidant and antibacterial propertis,while synthetic dyes are commonly used in the textile industry,causing environmental issues like water pollution.This research aims to utilize waste tannins as natural dyes as an alternative to synthetic dyes.This study examined the effect of the extraction method on tannin properties such as phenolic content,antioxidants,and antibacterial activity.In addition,Pyrolysis Gas Chromatography‒Mass Spectrometry(Py-GCMS)analysis was used to identify the effect of extraction temperature on the chemical elucidation of tannin.The effect of tannin concentration was evaluated against four bacteria that are usually found on human skin:Staphylococcus epidermidis,Bacillus subtilis,Propionibacterium acnes,and Staphylococcus aureus.Extraction temperature significantly influences the chemical composition of tannin,which leads to different antioxidant properties.The maximum antibacterial properties of tannin were obtained at 90℃with the inhibition zone in the range of 0.9–1.0 mm against four bacteria,tannin yield of 26.59%,Gallic Acid Equivalents or total phenolic content(GAE)of 40.30 mg/g,and Radical Scavenging Activity or antioxidant activity(RSA)of 89.88%.Moreover,the concentration of tannin was significantly linear with its antibacterial properties.Tannin was successfully applied to the textile by using alum as a mordanting agent to create an antibacterial textile.The textile’s bacterial structure damage was analyzed under Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy(FESEM).After 50 washings,tannin-textiles with alum-modified properties remained stable compared to those without alum,with S.aureus and S.epidermidis being the most vulnerable bacteria,as confirmed by FESEM images.Hence,tannin is a feasible alternative to harmful and nondegradable synthetic dyes and antibacterial agents.
文摘Active restoration is a critical component of biodiversity conservation for degraded tropical forest ecosystems caused by artisanal gold mining, and the success of restoration is dependent on native species selection. However, significant knowledge gaps exist regarding when and where to plant trees. This article reports on a revegetation trial undertaken in St Elizabeth, Mahdia, Guyana, to assess the survival and RGR (Relative Growth Rate) of three native woody trees and shrubs planted within three years old Acacia mangium Willd trees pruned and unpruned blocks. ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) for a completely randomized block design with four blocks, two pruned and two unpruned, within A. mangium plots. Biochar treatment was added to the plants during transplanting. Thirty-six (36) wildlings of Humiria balsamifera (Aublet.) (Tauroniro), Goupia glabra Aublet (Kabukalli), and Vismia guianensis (Aublet.) Choisy (Bloodwood) were collected and raised in a tree nursery for two weeks. The native plants were transplanted 3 m apart, survival observations and each seedling’s initial height and diameter were measured and recorded. After the experiment, 13% of seedlings from a population of 720 had died, with the highest mortality being experienced at the 92 days of the experiment (t ≤ 122 days). While the overall survival rates were high, emphasizing the importance of field trials on native and exotic species in different environments is essential to fill the knowledge gaps on suitable species for restoration in degraded areas with other land use histories.
文摘This paper sets out to determine the link between socio-economic attributes of smallholders, silvicultural activity and the stand quality of Acacia mangium and Eucalyptus urophylla plantations in two unrelated communes in Phu Tho province, Vietnam. The necessary data was collected by interviewing the smallholders and conducting inventory of the stands. The data was analyzed with descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney tests and Spearman correlations. More silvicultural practices were conducted by A. mangium planters with larger areas. Most of the smallholders practiced the suggested silvicultural activities. Productivity was affected by pruning in medium quality sites. This research recommends that smallholders were supported with incentives for the plantation establishment, education for smallholders in silvicultural techniques, organization and development activities for the wider market.
文摘In addition to bioenergy production, Acacia magium, a fast growing species, plays a major role in climate change mitigation through carbon sequestration from the atmosphere. The objective of this study was to improve estimates of aboveground biomass of 3, 7 and 11 years old stands of Acacia mangium set up through natural regeneration at Anguédédou in C?te d’Ivoire. Tree measurements were done in circular plots of 615 m2 located at the center of each stand. 24 trees of circumference at breast height (cbh) between 31 and 116 cm were felled, weighed and measured. Multiple linear regressions were used to develop allometric equations linking aboveground biomass of trees to cbh and/or height. The carbon stock and sequestration capacity of each stand was assessed using these predictive models. The average cbh was 39.4 cm, 73.5 cm and 91.4 cm respectively for 3, 7 and 11 years old stands with a density ranging between 845 trees·ha-1 and 553 trees·ha-1. The allometric equations for biomass estimation were Btotal aboveground = exp(-3.455 + 2.081 × ln(C)), Btrunk = exp (-5.153 + 1.681 × ln(C) + 1.056 × ln(H)), Bbranches = exp(-2.005 + 0.498 × ln(C2 × H)), Bleaves = exp(-2.415 + 1.339 × ln(C)). Total height had no influence on total and leaf biomass but increased precision of trunk and branch biomass. The carbon sequestration capacity of aboveground biomass was highest in Acacia mangium stand of 7 years old with 45.14 teqCO2·ha-1·year-1 and lowest in the 3-year stand with 33.90 teqCO2·ha-1·year-1.
