PACMANUS热液区Si-Fe-Mn氧化物的显微结构特征及意义

用显微镜、电子探针和扫描电镜等分析技术,对2008年"KX08-973"航次中国首次在东马努斯海盆PACMANUS热液区用拖网取得的少量Si-Fe-Mn氧化物海底热液产物样品进行显微结构特征研究。研究表明,显微镜下,样品呈隐晶质结构;扫描电镜下可见已石化的硅藻;电子探针分析结果显示,Fe和Mn的分布具有明显的分带性,呈现出Si-Mn质层被Si-Fe质层包裹的特征,反应了Si-Fe-Mn氧化物的形成具有多期多阶段性特征。样品是富Si,Fe和Mn的低温热液流体直接沉淀产物。本研究结果对该区热液氧化物的进一步研究,如Si-Mn质层和Si-Fe质层中Si与Mn和Fe的化合方式、微生物在热液氧化物形成过程中的作用具有指导意义。

Mineralogical and geochemical variation in hydrothermal sulfides from Vienna Woods field,Manus Basin,Papua New Guinea：constraints on their evolution

Polymetallic sulfides from two hydrothermal chimneys and talus deposit from the Vienna Woods field of Manus Basin were studied for mineralogy,elemental composition,and S-isotope ratio to understand their evolution.The factors including the nature of source fluid,mineral paragenesis,and related geochemical processes have been discussed.Mineralogy and elemental concentration of Cu and Fe-rich large chimney at the central part of this hydrothermal field was completely different from the smaller Zn-rich peripheral chimney and Fe-rich talus deposit,suggesting the variable degree of alterations generate physico-chemically different source fluids responsible for these hydrothermal structures.Similarly,S-isotope ratios also indicate chemically diverse fluids and different modes of precipitation were involved in their evolution.Distinct mineral zonings and associated elemental and isotopic compositions within individual deposit confirm paragenetic shifts were involved during their growth process.

Petrogenesis of volcanic rocks from Eastern Manus Basin: indications in mineralogy and geochemistry

To understand the petrogenesis and magma evolution history in the Eastern Manus Basin(EMB),geochemistry of pyroxene and plagioclase mineral phenocrysts in basaltic andesites and dacites were reported.The plagioclase-melt thermometry showed that,plagioclase in dacites crystalized in 1027.2–1028.5°C under 3.37–5.08 kbar,whereas in basaltic andesite was 1181.4–1187.0°C under 1.79–4.46 kbar.Pyroxene compositions and invariable La/Sm vs La values of whole rock powders indicate that lavas were erupted in rapid cooling rate and mainly controlled by fractional crystallization(FC).In addition,oscillatory zonings in plagioclase and pyroxene phenocrysts indicated small local perturbations and degassing episodes in the magma chamber.Some high Mg#clinopyroxene antecrysts were found in EMB lavas.The highest Mg#of parental EMB melts is 69,which falls into the range of initial partial melts from upper mantle peridotite source(68–75).In terms of isotopic compositions,the EMB lavas most likely originated from Indian-type MORB mantle which was infl uenced by subduction components.In details,the subduction components are mainly derived from the dehydration of a subducted altered oceanic crust,and the contribution of sediment infl uence is minor.The Pb isotopic compositions and end member modeling further suggest that the source of subduction components is more likely from the Pacifi c Plate instead of the Solomon Plate.

Manu Smriti as the Protection of Female in Hindu Philosophy:In the Dimension of Structural-Functionalism

In the evolutionary process of socio-cultural structure,various“memories”and codes have been created as a collection of interpretations,rules,and regulations made by various experts in social,cultural,political,and religious leaders including kings,emperors,and sages.In these contexts,this article is focused to analyze the status,power,and authority of females in terms of the explanation of Manu Smriti in the structural-functional perspective.Mostly secondary and qualitative data have been used in this article.The data have been collected through the historical content analysis method.To obtain the objective,the facts have been collected from the verses of Manu Smriti(which are related to female issues)and historical interpretation of ancient society.Collected secondary data have been analyzed through the historical content analysis method.According to the structural-functional point of view,due to the socio-cultural environment of the time in which the laws and regulations related to women have to be made,these issues seem to be more relevant,such as the permission of men for functioning,child marriage,etc.Analyzing the issues from a patriarchal point of view,the law of the time was in favor of women’s inequality and exploitation of women.The theory of patriarchy mentions that women are oppressed,exploited,and subjugated by men in the patriarchal social structure.The facts of Manu Smriti,such as women as the gods,as an indicator of respect,as a symbol of the progress,etc.,are not congruent to the explanation of the theory of patriarchy.

2015 manus竞赛:最具创造性的塑料轴承应用

来自世界各地的开发人员展现了工程塑料轴承的巨大应用潜能。manus金奖授予莱布尼茨汉诺威大学Jan-Philipp Kobler开发的耳外科手术设备。特别奖授予印度ATS ELGI公司,他们将易格斯免润滑塑料轴承应用于自动洗车设备。manus奖项青睐那些大胆创新的塑料轴承应用,兼具技术和经济效益。来自34个国家的开发者展示了塑料滑动轴承从原型机到成熟应用的潜在用途。

2015manus竞赛:寻找大胆创新的塑料轴承应用

滑动轴承在各式各样的机械结构中默默运行,非常不起眼,以至于常常被人忽略。为了扭转这个局面,易格斯在2003年首次举办了manus竞赛。自动望远镜、钻孔设备、滑雪训练器……超过400多个应用案例参与竞逐2013年manus大奖上届大赛有来自33个国家的437个应用参与竞逐。

Origin of the Volcanic Rocks Erupted in the Eastern Manus Basin：Basaltic Andesite-Andesite-Dacite Associations

There has been much recent interest in the origin of intermediate lava and several hypotheses are: 1) direct melting of the mantle under water-saturated conditions, 2) partial melting of altered crust, 3) fractional crystallization of parent magma, and 4) magma mixing of mafic magmas with dacitic/rhyolitic magmas. Volcanic rocks series ranging from basaltic andesite to dacite(SiO_2 ranges from 53.8 to 63.0 wt.%) from the eastern Manus Basin were detected for major and trace element compositions to understand their origin. Low H_2O contents, positive correlations of La-SiO_2 and Yb-SiO_2, oxygen isotope data and the indistinct change of trace element concentrations in oscillatory zoning of plagioclase phenocrysts rule out the models in which silicic lava results from direct melting of hydrous mantle, partial melting of altered oceanic crust or gabbros, and magma mixing, respectively. Besides, the geochemical data of whole rock and melt inclusions indicate that fractional crystallization plays a dominant role in generating the intermediate lava with subduction features.

Silicon and Oxygen Isotopic Composition of Igneous Rocks from the Eastern Manus Basin

This paper reports silicon and oxygen isotopes of 20 kinds of igneous rocks and their major elements from the eastern Manus Basin. Combining silicon and oxygen isotopic data from other studies, we suppose that both δ30Si and δ18O values increase with the increasing of SiO2 content. It means that the fractionation of silicon and oxygen isotopes are affected by the silica content. The positive correlation between CaO/Al2O3 ratios and MgO and that between Si/Al and SiO2 content indicate that clinopyroxene is the predominant mineral phase in our samples. We suppose that the fractionation of silicon and oxygen isotopes are influenced by mineral fractional crystallization. Probably, it is due to their different silicon and oxygen bridges. In this study, the δ30Simean value=-0.17‰±0.17‰ and δ18Omean value= +6.07‰±0.57‰ are higher than normal δ30Si and δ18O values of mantle, and we propose that these igneous rocks in the eastern Manus Basin are affected by hydrothermal alteration.

HPLC法同时测定蒙药清肝玛努-4醇提物中6种成分的含量及指纹图谱的建立

目的建立同时测定蒙药清肝玛努-4醇提物中马钱苷酸、龙胆苦苷、芍药苷、牡荆素、甘草苷、甘草酸铵等成分的HPLC含量测定方法及指纹图谱研究。方法采用Agilent Eclipse XDB-C_(18)色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为0.1%磷酸水溶液-乙腈,梯度洗脱,流速为1.0 mL/min,检测波长为230 nm(芍药苷、牡荆素、甘草苷)、237 nm(马钱苷酸)、250 nm(甘草酸铵)、270 nm(龙胆苦苷),柱温为30℃,进样量为10μL。结果蒙药清肝玛努-4醇提物中马钱苷酸、龙胆苦苷、芍药苷、牡荆素、甘草苷和甘草酸铵的质量浓度分别在0.0203~0.1210、0.0533~0.3177、0.0213~0.1270、0.0115~0.0690、0.0141~0.0838和0.0351~0.2091 mg/mL范围内与色谱峰面积呈良好的线性关系(r≥0.9998),平均回收率分别为94.75%、99.49%、92.32%、95.82%、101.29%和98.04%,RSD分别为1.11%、0.76%、0.99%、2.75%、1.09%和2.43%(n=6)。建立了蒙药清肝玛努-4醇提物的HPLC指纹图谱,以S1号样品色谱图为参照图谱,通过多点校正和全谱峰匹配,生成对照指纹图谱,共确定10个共有峰,经与对照品比对指认了其中8个成分。结论所建立的测定方法及指纹图谱准确、可靠、重复性好、专属性强,为蒙药清肝玛努-4的质量控制及后续开发提供了依据。

中药外洗癣病方联合复方酮康唑软膏治疗手足癣临床观察

目的:观察中药外洗癣病方联合复方酮康唑软膏治疗手足癣的疗效。方法:132例分为两组,对照组61例用复方酮康唑软膏治疗,观察组71例用中药外洗癣病方及复方酮康唑软膏治疗。结果:总有效率观察组高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗14d后临床症状积分观察组低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后1个月、3个月复发率观察组均低于对照组(P<0.05)。不良反应发生率观察组与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:中药外洗癣病方联合复方酮康唑软膏治疗手足癣有良好疗效,且不增加不良反应。

Submit your next manuscript to Bums & Trauma

Burns&Trauma is an Open Access,peer-reviewed journal publishing the latest developments in basic,clinical and translational research related to burns and traumatic injuries.With a special focus on prevention efforts,clinical treatment and basic research in developing countries,the journal welcomes submissions in various aspects of biomaterials,tissue engineering,stem cells,critical care,immunobiology,skin transplantation,prevention and regeneration of burns and trauma injury.

易格斯第九届manus奖启动

外骨骼、电动机械臂和太空垃圾研究项目这3个应用有什么共同点呢?它们都使用了工程塑料轴承,并且获得了第八届manus奖——这个奖项由运动塑料专家igus每两年举办一次。第九届manus奖已正式启动。在两年前的第八届manus奖的评选中.

Project Manus,MIT新创客运动

在麻省理工学院2017年毕业典礼上,材料科学及工程系的每个毕业生,都获得了一枚铜质勋章。勋章上印有MIT校徽——拿铁锤的劳动者与拿书本的学者,他们的脚下写着拉丁文mens et manus,即校训＂动脑也动手＂。勋章还有特别之处,都是由学生们自己动手做的。做一枚勋章得投入不少小时的工作量。

绝妙的塑料轴承应用方案——全球437个塑料轴承应用方案竞逐第六届manus竞赛

由德国易格斯公司发起的manus竞赛(两年一届)终于尘埃落定,评审团的专家们经过详细的甄选,在全球437个创新应用中选出了获胜者。并且在德国汉诺威展期间进行了颁奖。第六届manus塑料轴承创新应用竞赛旨在寻找非凡的免润滑免维护轴承应用,并根据其技术和经济效益上的优势来评定优胜者。

Mineralogical and micromorphological characteristics of Si-Fe-Mn oxyhydroxides from the PACMANUS hydrothermal field, Eastern Manus Basin

The mineralogical and micromorphological characteristics of Si-Fe-Mn oxyhydroxides from the dacite-hosted PACMANUS hydrothermal field were analyzed.The samples are poorly crystallized Si-Fe-Mn oxyhydroxides with minor birnessite, todorokite, nontronite, goethite, and opal-A.There are some microtextures which are rather like fossil microbes such as the filamentous silica and the hollow pipes.Flakes of nontronite crystals are found either forming a honeycomb texture or distrib- uted on the surface of the hollow pipes.Nontronite is the product precipitated from low-temperature hydrothermal fluids, and microbes may play a role in its formation.Si-Fe-Mn oxyhydroxides have two kinds of nuclei: Si-Mn nuclei and Si nuclei, both enveloped by the similar Si-Fe outer layer, existing in the rod-shaped oxyhydroxide and spheroidal oxyhydroxide, respectively.In the Si-Mn nuclei, the concentration of SiO2 is between 39.32 wt% and 86.31 wt%, and MnO concentration is between 4.97 wt% and 27.01 wt%, but Fe2O3 concentration is very low (0.54 wt%-3.43 wt%).In the Si nucleus the concentration of SiO2 is 90.17 wt%, but concentration of MnO and Fe2O3 are low, with 0.06 wt% and 3.47 wt%, respectively.The formation of the Si-Mn nucleus is closely related to microbes, whereas the Si nucleus is of inorganic origin.

The Subduction Structure Beneath the New Britain Island Arc and the Adjacent Region from Double-Difference Tomography

We applied double-difference tomography to relocate seismic events and determine the lithospheric velocity structure beneath the New Britain Island arc and the South Bismarck Sea Basin,based on the local P wave arrival time dataset collected by the International Seismological Centre.Results of the seismic relocation and velocity inversion show that the subduction of Solomon Sea Plate along the New Britain Trench is spatially different above 150 km,and the subduction angle of the slab on the west side is higher than that on the east side.The relocated earthquakes also show that there are double seismic zones at the depths of about 30–90km beneath the New Britain Island Arc.The velocity structure shows that the dehydration of the subducting slab caused the low-velocity anomalies in mantle wedge above the slab,which are associated with the magmatic activities around the New Guinea-New Britain Island arc.Moreover,it shows that there is another low-velocity anomaly zone beneath the Bismarck mid-oceanic ridge with spatial variation.Beneath the west of the Bismarck mid-oceanic ridge,the low-velocity anomaly is weakly connected to the subducted Solomon Sea slab.Conversely,the low-velocity anomaly beneath the Manus Sea Basin is highly intertwined to the subducting slab and its mantle wedge,indicating that the subduction of the Solomon Sea Plate might be a key deep dynamic factor that drives the spreading of the Manus Sea Basin and the separation of the Bismarck Plate.

中国城市网络结构:基于价值链视角和企业联系视角的比较分析

从不同视角剖析中国城市网络的结构特征及其差异对于深刻认识中国城市网络结构及模式具有重要意义。基于2019—2022年华为供应商价值链数据及中国智能制造100强企业总部–分支数据分别构建中国城市网络并进行比较研究,结果发现:①价值链视角下的中国城市网络节点差异显著,层级分明,位序–规模呈分段指数递增;空间结构呈现“轴线联系差异大、分层聚集、受核心节点控制明显”的特征。②总部–分支视角下的中国城市网络节点与价值链视角相似,轴线结构突显京沪深的全国中心节点地位且轴线结构呈“宝石型”。③对比发现,两种视角下的中国城市网络节点、轴线特征相似,说明价值链视角也能较为可靠地表征中国城市网络。此外,价值链视角从城市功能联系视角认识城市与区域空间结构,有助于走出海量数据困惑,为城市与区域空间规划做出科学决策。

马努斯海盆东部裂谷岩浆演化过程——火山岩中斜长石斑晶的启示

岩浆岩中斜长石矿物的结构、成分特征记录了岩浆演化过程的重要信息。本文对马努斯海盆东部裂谷(East Rift,ER)火山岩中的斜长石斑晶进行了详细的矿物学研究,结果表明:在玄武质安山岩中,斜长石斑晶具正环带结构,核-幔部属高An值(斜长石中钙长石分子百分数)斜长石(An值大于80,最大为87),而边缘的An值骤降(最小为63);而在英安岩中,大多数斜长石斑晶的成分从核部到边部变化较小,An值逐渐缓慢降低,呈现正环带结构,少量为韵律环带。结合火山岩斑晶矿物形成的温压条件计算结果,ER地区岩浆演化过程为:地幔源区发生部分熔融产生玄武质岩浆(温度~1300℃);在岩浆活动早期,由于岩浆供应充足,岩浆上升过程中速度较快,仅发生很小程度的分离结晶,形成少量斑晶矿物,并以较高的速度、温度(~1100℃)直接喷出海底后形成玄武岩-玄武质安山岩;至岩浆活动晚期,岩浆供应量减少,岩浆在岩浆房(3~10km)停留较长时间,岩浆温度已经明显下降(960~1020℃),发生强烈的分离结晶作用,岩浆喷出海底形成酸性火山岩;而在整个岩浆演化过程中,未有明显的岩浆混合作用发生。

利用命题逻辑最大可满足性的冗余通孔最优插入方法

在纳米尺度的集成电路设计中,冗余通孔插入是减轻通孔失效造成良率降低问题的常用技术.文中将最优冗余通孔插入问题规约到命题逻辑最大逻辑可满足性(maximum satisfiability,Max SAT)问题,并利用完备求解器求取最优解.Max SAT问题是一个NP困难问题,采用2种方法来降低求解难度;一是预选取方法,将提前确定的不与其他通孔产生冲突的冗余通孔作为部分解来降低问题的规模;二是分治法,根据连通分量将原问题划分成多个子问题分别求解,降低求解的复杂度.同时,从理论上证明这2种方法能够保证解的最优性.在2019年国际物理设计研讨会(ISPD)举办的详细布线比赛基准测试集上进行实验的结果表明,所提出的插入方法带来的时间开销不到详细布线时间的5%,算法的最优性保证了最大化解决插入冲突后的插入率,在所有可插入通孔中,冗余通孔的插入率为67%~87%.

轮奸未完成形态的认定逻辑——以轮奸行为构造的法教义学重塑为视角

轮奸未完成形态的认定聚合了刑法学诸多的理论争讼,其中包括强制性交的刑罚根据、犯罪论体系的选择、加重犯罪构成模式的选择以及共同犯罪参与体系的选择等,其相互之间前后衔接的逻辑关系决定了体系性思维的重要性。据此而言,轮奸未完成形态的认定逻辑应当遵循以下步骤展开演绎:首先,梳理强奸的刑罚根据,以证成其亲手性特征;其次,在加重结果犯与共同实行犯的基础上,形塑出轮奸的行为构造;最后,根据轮奸的行为构造归纳出各种未完成形态的定罪理论模型,即参与人负有“共同而有区别的责任”。通过体系化的法教义学路径重塑轮奸的行为构造,可以为该领域混乱的认定局面提供一套妥当的解决方案。