Empirical analysis of carbon tariff's effect on the export structure of China's manufacturing industry and social welfare based on the GTAP model

In recent years,carbon emissions have gradually evolved from an environment issue into a political and economic one.Carbon tariff has brought about new trade barriers of developed countries,and in order to enhance the industrial competitiveness of developed countries,it will produce unfavorable impact on developing countries.Concentrated on the manufacturing industry,which is the most intensive high-carbon industry in China's export structure,this article studies the relationship between carbon tariff policy and industry structure of export trade and builds up a relation between climate change and international trade.First,by means of establishing a partial equilibrium model,it applies geometric analysis and mathematical analysis to compute the impact on China's manufacturing export trade and the consequences of the introduction of the US carbon tariff to China's manufacturing industry that has already imposed a domestic shipping carbon tax.Furthermore,with the application of the GTAP model,it estimates the overall economic and welfare effects on China's manufacturing industry if the US and Europe introduce carbon tariff by means of four ways,and then analyzes the influence on China's manufacturing industry export structure and social welfare as well.The result shows that the introduction of the US carbon import tariff lowers China's export price and export volume,and the implementation of a domestic carbon tax justifies a higher export price and a lower export volume for China.However,the degree of export reduction is smaller than that under the effect of the US carbon tariff.In the case of developed countries imposing carbon tariff on China's energy-intensive industries,such as chemical rubber products,oil and coal-processing industry and paper industry,whose export would be reduced,the negative impact on the paper industry is the severest,which will decrease the paper industry's export ranging from 1.79%to 6.05%,whereas the other industries' export will increase.Anyhow,it will promote China's manufacturing industry to adjust the export structure to a certain extent.In addition,it will lead to a decrease in China's welfare,with a decrease between $2,134 billion and $8,347 billion.Finally,this paper provides information on international coordination,export structure adjustment and green manufacturing adjustment as a reference for the development of China's manufacturing industry.

The optimization method of industrial robot arm structure based on green manufacturing technology

In order to realize the optimal design of the industrial robot arm structure,an optimization method of the industrial robot arm structure based on green manufacturing technology is proposed.The stability of arm structure parameter acquisition can be controlled.The quantitative adjustment model of structural optimization parameters is constructed.The differential fusion control of the arm structure is realized.This paper analyzes the structure parameter law of the robot arm.We use dynamic parameter prediction and output torque parameter compensation method to control the arm structure.According to the adaptive iterative processing results,the arm structure parameter identification is realized.According to the identification results,the cutting parameter optimization method is adopted for the analytical control of the arm structure,and finally the optimized design of the industrial robot arm structure is realized through the green manufacturing technology.The simulation test results show that for the accuracy of the industrial robot arm structure design,this method is better,the output stability is higher,and the arm motion trajectory has a low deviation from the actual motion trajectory,which improves the optimization control and design capabilities of the industrial robot arm structure.

Enhancing Operational Efficiency: Exploring the Integration of SOPs Using Virtual Reality and Smart Glasses Technology in Food Manufacturing

This paper explores the integration of Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) using virtual reality and smart glasses technology in food manufacturing. The study employs a thorough methodology, combining observational insights to develop a comprehensive SOP. Implementation at different firms resulted in significant improvements, reducing product waste and enhancing overall efficiency. The use of virtual reality further augments SOP adoption. The findings underscore SOPs’ transformative influence, offering a tangible solution to challenges in the food production sector. Recommendations include regular SOP reviews and ongoing training for sustained success. Different firms exemplify SOPs as indispensable tools for operational excellence.

The Wolf Is Coming?——Multinationals's Entry and Effect on China's Manufacturing Industry

Nowadays,China has become the country that introduces the largest amount of foreign capital.Up to June 2008,the accumulative total number of foreign- invested enterprises in China is over 632 thousand:the total amount of actual use of foreign capital is over US$582 billion.There are over 400 multination- als of top 500 investing in China,30 of which set up regional headquarters。

ADJUSTMENT IN CHINA'S INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURE AND ITS FOREIGN TRADE

Of its total export volume,the proportion of China’s new andhigh technology products and highvalue-added products is extremelylow. Its pure technological exportrate is only 2 percent of the total.Therefore,along with thetransformation of the mode ofgrowth of China’s nationaleconomy, a corresponding growthmode transformation should takeplace in its foreign trade sector,and it is necessary to achieve asignificant change in its importand export product mix.

Reflection and Study on the Transfer of International Manufacturing Industries and Chinese Sustainable Development

Ever since the 1960s, especially 1980s, under the background of quickening pace of economic globalization and the regional division of labor around the world, the transfer of manufacturing industries among countries and areas gets great momentum and impetus. During 20-plus years in which China has adopted the policy of opening-up and reforming, our country has played an active role in taking part in the transfer of manufacturing industries. It advances the structural change of national manufacturing industries, accelerates national industrialism and promotes the comprehensive development of regional economics. In this paper, the author makes some initial study on the regularity of transfer of International manufacturing industries, discusses the profound impact of such shift on our national resources, environment, economics and society, and also proposes corresponding suggestions on how to implement the strategy of sustainable development in the process of the shift.

Review of China's Hydropower Manufacturing Industry

China's hydropower equipment manufacturing technology has benef ited from the policy of reform and opening-up and the "Three Gorges Model." The latter means an approach of self-supply of hydropower equipment. Based on the foundations laid through independent research and development, by way of digesting, absorbing and innovating the technologies introduced from abroad for the Left Bank Station of the Three Gorges Hydropower Station, domestic suppliers independently designed and manufactured large hydropower units for the Right Bank Station of the Three Gorges and many other large hydropower stations in China.

Optimal Scheme Selection of Agricultural Production Structure Adjustment——Based on DEA Model; Punjab(Pakistan)

This paper used the modern evaluation method of DEA （Data Envelopment Analysis） to assess the comparative efficiency and then on the basis of this among multiple schemes chose the optimal scheme of agricultural production structure adjustment. Based on the results of DEA model, we dissected scale advantages of each discretionary scheme or plan. We examined scale advantages of each discretionary scheme, tested profoundly a definitive purpose behind not-DEA efficient, which elucidated the system and methodology to enhance these discretionary plans. At the end, another method had been proposed to rank and select the optimal scheme. The research was important to guide the practice if the modification of agricultural production industrial structure was carded on.

Carbon Emission Trends of Manufacturing and Influencing Factors in Jilin Province,China

This paper constructed a carbon emission identity based on five factors： industrial activity, industrial structure, energy inten- sity, energy mix and carbon emission parameter, and analyzed manufacturing carbon emission trends in Jilin Province at subdivided industrial level through Log-Mean Divisia Index （LMDI） method. Results showed that manufacturing carbon emissions of Jilin Province increased 1.304 ~ 107t by 66% between 2004 and 2010. However, 2012 was a remarkable year in which carbon emissions decreased compared with 2011, the first fall since 2004. Industrial activity was the most important factor for the increase of carbon emissions, while energy intensity had the greatest impact on inhibiting carbon emission growth. Despite the impact of industrial structure on carbon emissions fluctuated, its overall trend inhibited carbon emission growth. Further, influences of industrial structure became gradually stronger and surpassed energy intensity in the period 2009-2010. These results conclude that reducing energy intensity is still the main way for carbon emission reduction in Jilin Province, hut industrial structure can not be ignored and it has great potential. Based on the analyses, the way of manufacturing industrial structure adjustment for Jilin Province is put forward.

As Could We Assure Safety in Large-Scale Manufacturing of Nanoparticles for the Biomedical Use

Nanoparticles provide great advantages but also great risks. Risks associating with nanoparticles are the problem of all technologies, but they increase in many times in nanotechnologies. Adequate methods of outgoing production inspection are necessary to solve the problem of risks, and the inspection must be based on the safety standard. Existing safety standard results from a principle of “maximum permissible concentrations or MPC”. This principle is not applicable to nanoparticles, but a safety standard reflecting risks inherent in nanoparticles doesn’t exist. Essence of the risks is illustrated by the example from pharmacology, since its safety assurance is conceptually based on MPC and it has already come against this problem. Possible formula of safety standard for nanoparticles is reflected in many publications, but conventional inspection methods cannot provide its realization, and this gap is an obstacle to assumption of similar formulas. Therefore the development of nanoparticle industry as a whole (also development of the pharmacology in particular) is impossible without the creation of an adequate inspection method. There are suggested new inspection methods founded on the new physical principle and satisfying to the adequate safety standard for nanoparticles. These methods demonstrate that creation of the adequate safety standard and the outgoing production inspection in a large-scale manufacturing of nanoparticles are the solvable problems. However there is a great distance between the physical principle and its hardware realization, and a transition from the principle to the hardware demands great intellectual and material costs. Therefore it is desirable to call attention of the public at large to the necessity of urgent expansions of investigations associated with outgoing inspections in nanoparticles technologies. It is necessary also to attract attention, first, of representatives of state structures controlling approvals of the adequate safety standard to this problem, since it is impossible to compel producers providing the safety without the similar standard, and, second, of leaders of pharmacological industry, since their industry already entered into the nanotechnology era, and they have taken an interest in a forthcoming development of inspection methods.

负责任的中国智造:工业机器人应用、要素禀赋结构与企业ESG表现

本文基于2010-2022年中国制造业上市公司和工业机器人数据,实证检验机器人应用对企业ESG表现的影响。研究表明:机器人应用通过能耗强度降低、内部质量控制、经营效率优化和生产协同增效改善企业ESG表现。此外,机器人应用既能强化高市场化程度地区企业的ESG先发优势,又能弥补老龄化地区、老工业基地城市和高污染高耗能行业的ESG后发劣势。扩展分析发现,机器人应用对企业ESG表现的改善不仅能提高客户稳定性并降低企业经营风险,还可以有效治理ESG“漂绿”行为。研究结论为完善智能制造产业布局、更好利用智能制造变革构筑ESG优势提供启示。

国内外全球价值链研究热点与趋势分析——基于CiteSpace的可视化分析

为深入研究国内外全球价值链的发展现状与趋势,选取2018年至2023年间中国知网收录的1196篇以全球价值链为核心研究主题的文章为基础数据,利用CiteSpace进行了全球价值链的可视化分析。研究结果表明,近五年来全球价值链领域的研究热点主要集中在制造业、产业结构、数字经济、加工贸易、融资约束、国际分工、比较优势等方面,数字经济与全球价值链的深度融合,成为未来研究的重要焦点,产业结构的优化也被证实将对全球价值链的发展产生深远影响。通过可视化分析对全球价值链领域的热点问题进行研究分析,为未来全球价值链相关研究提供启示。

制造业企业ESG表现与财务绩效关系研究基于协方差结构模型分析

采用协方差结构模型,分析了环境、社会、治理(environmental,social,governance,ESG)因素与制造业企业财务绩效之间的关系。结果表明:ESG的整体表现对财务绩效有显著的正向影响,尤其是治理因素,对财务绩效的贡献最为突出;不同行业对ESG实践的响应也显示出差异,反映出行业特性对企业ESG战略的影响。为此,制造业企业应加强治理,积极践行环境和社会责任,以促进财务表现和长期竞争力的提升。

A Review and Outlook of the Centennial of China’s Industrialization:The CPC’s Industrialization Strategy

Industrialization has been a dream for the Chinese nation since modern history and a goal of the Communist Party of China(CPC).Ever since its founding in 1921,the CPC has been exploring a path for China’s industrial development based on socialism as the political and institutional premise.Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949,the Chinese people have established a socialist system under the CPC’s leadership and carried out industrial development for over seven decades in the world’s most populous country,blazing a new trail of socialist industrialization with Chinese characteristics.Under the CPC’s leadership,China established an independent and complete industrial system in less than three decades from 1949 to 1978,and developed into the world’s largest industrial power with the most complete industrial sectors in over three decades from 1979 to 2016.In its future industrial development,China aims to complete new-type industrialization by 2035,build a modern economic system,reach the level of moderately developed countries in terms of GDP per capita,and develop into a major world industrial power by the centennial of the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 2049.

China catches up with the U.S. as the world's largest manufacturer

This paper compares the internal structures of the manufacturing industries in China and the U.S. from 1998 to 2005 and leads to three major discoveries: First, the gaps between China and the U.S.'s manufacturing capacity have been narrowing at a high speed in the last seven years, during which the share of added value of China's manufacturing industry to that of the U.S. increased from 13% to 52%, and then reached 76% in 2007. Second, the labor force employed in China's manufacturing industry increased by 50%, of which the increase in capital and technology-intensive production sectors exceeded that in labor-intensive sectors. Meanwhile, the labor force employed in the U.S. manufacturing industry decreased. Third, labor productivity in China's manufacturing industry increased by 2.78 times, and profits increased by 2.21 times, much higher than the U.S. growth rates of 18.2% and 49.5%. Obviously, the narrowing gaps between China and the U.S.'s production capacities mean China's industrial progress and the hierarchy of world industrial powers will be rearranged.

粤港澳大湾区出口制造业高质量发展水平评价--基于犹豫模糊熵权与TOPSIS模型的实证分析

为寻找粤港澳大湾区制造业高质量发展的新动力和新方向,以2012—2019年粤港澳大湾区12个出口制造行业为样本,从产业发展视角提出以结构优化、质量进步、技术创新为核心内容的出口制造业高质量发展理论模型,运用犹豫模糊熵权和TOPSIS法进行量化评测,实证分析粤港澳大湾区出口制造行业高质量发展的现状、优劣势以及实现升级的具体路径。研究发现,粤港澳大湾区的出口制造业高质量发展总体上处在中等偏上水平,呈现一定的波动增长态势,其中行业结构水平成为该区域的优势项,但同时也存在行业发展不平衡、市场感知不足、研发创新能力提升空间大、代工思维影响遗留较强等问题;鞋类、服装、箱包等劳动密集型和资源依赖型制造业的行业结构水平较低、创新能力较弱。为此,粤港澳大湾区要进一步深化供给侧结构性改革,推动出口制造业与智能制造的融合发展,同时加强国家质量基础设施建设,实施品牌战略和强化质量品牌建设等。

数字经济对制造业技术创新绩效的影响

选取2010—2021年省级数字经济指数以及沪深A股制造业上市企业数据,实证检验数字经济与制造业技术创新绩效的关系。研究发现:数字经济能显著提高制造业技术创新绩效,且该结论在经过增加控制变量、缩尾处理等一系列检验后依然稳健;数字经济能通过产业结构升级,间接提升制造业技术创新绩效。异质性检验结果显示,在地区发展方面,数字经济对东部地区、一线城市内制造业企业技术创新绩效的促进作用更强;在企业性质方面,数字经济对成熟期、国有、高密度人力资本型、资本密集型制造业技术创新绩效的促进作用更大。据此,提出加强数字经济基础建设、推进制造业产业结构数字化升级、实施差异化数字经济发展策略的建议,以充分发挥数字经济的促进效应,提升制造业技术创新绩效。

虚拟集聚能够促进制造业绿色高质量发展吗?

虚拟集聚是新一代信息技术与实体经济深度融合的空间组织新形态,是实现制造业绿色高质量发展的新路径。文章基于2012—2022年我国30个省域面板数据,构建制造业绿色高质量发展和虚拟集聚指标体系,实证检验虚拟集聚对制造业绿色高质量发展的影响。研究发现:虚拟集聚能够有效促进制造业绿色高质量发展;虚拟集聚对制造业绿色高质量发展的影响存在区域、子维度和虚拟集聚水平异质性;虚拟集聚对制造业绿色高质量发展的影响存在负向空间溢出效应。研究结论为促进制造业高端化、智能化、绿色化发展提供了有益的政策启示。

网络基础设施建设对包容性绿色增长的影响——基于“宽带中国”战略的准自然实验

推动包容性绿色增长是解决我国低碳发展目标与经济增长矛盾的重要途径。本文基于2010~2022年我国地级市层面数据,利用熵权TOPSIS法从多个维度测算了289个地级市的包容性绿色增长水平,采用多期双重差分模型探究网络基础设施建设对包容性绿色增长的影响及传导机制。研究结果表明:(1)网络基础设施建设能够有效促进包容性绿色增长水平的提升;(2)网络基础设施建设对于非资源型城市包容性绿色增长效应显著高于资源型城市;(3)网络基础设施建设能够通过提高制造业集聚水平、促进产业结构升级、鼓励技术创新进一步提升包容性绿色增长水平。本文在进一步完善包容性绿色增长的现有分析框架基础上,为政府推进“宽带中国”战略实施、缩小区域发展差距以及促进经济高质量发展提供政策启示。