The study was conducted to reveal P fractions and N forms changing characters during composting of pig manure with rice straw.During composting,the NH 4 ＋-N concentration decreased and reached at a relatively low va...The study was conducted to reveal P fractions and N forms changing characters during composting of pig manure with rice straw.During composting,the NH 4 ＋-N concentration decreased and reached at a relatively low value（〈400 mg kg-1） in the final compost,while the NO 3--N concentration increased.Total N losses mainly occurred during thermophilic phase due to the high temperature,the high NH 4 ＋-N concentration and the increase of pH value.Labile inorganic P was dominated in the pig manure and initial compost mixture.During composting,the proportion of labile inorganic P of total extracted P decreased,while the proportion of Fe＋Al-bound P,Ca＋Mg-bound P and residual P increased.The evolutions of the proportion of labile inorganic P,Fe＋Al-bound P and Ca＋Mg-bound P were well correlated with the changes of pH value,organic matter and C/N ratio.Therefore,composting could increase the concentration of N and P and decrease the presence of NH 4 ＋-N and labile P fractions which might cause environmental issues following land application.展开更多
The concentration and components of manure phosphorus(P)are key factors determining potential P bioavailability and runoff.The distribution of P forms in swine,poultry and cattle manures collected from intensive and e...The concentration and components of manure phosphorus(P)are key factors determining potential P bioavailability and runoff.The distribution of P forms in swine,poultry and cattle manures collected from intensive and extensive production systems in several areas of China was investigated with sequential fractionation and a simplified two-step(NaHCO3-NaOH/EDTA)procedures.The mean total P concentration,determined by the sequential fractionation procedure of intensive swine,poultry and cattle manure,expressed as g·kg–1,was 14.9,13.4 and 5.8 g·kg–1,respectively,and 4.4 g·kg–1 in extensive cattle manure.In intensive swine,poultry and cattle manure about 73%,74%and 79%of total P,respectively,was bioavailable(i.e.,P extracted by H2O and NaHCO3)and 78%in extensive cattle manure.The results indicated the relative environmental risk,from high to low,of swine,poultry and cattle manure.There is considerable regional variation in animal manure P across China,which needs to be considered when developing manure management strategies.展开更多
Global food production is expected to double by 2050 for feeding 9 billion people（Godfray et al.2010）,but yields had stagnated or even collapsed in 24–39%of crop-growing areas over the period 1961–2008（Ray et al....Global food production is expected to double by 2050 for feeding 9 billion people（Godfray et al.2010）,but yields had stagnated or even collapsed in 24–39%of crop-growing areas over the period 1961–2008（Ray et al.2012）,展开更多
基金supported by the Major Science and Technology Program for Water Pollution Control and Treatment (2012ZX07201004)Jilin Provincial Research Foundation for Basic Research, China (201105033)
文摘The study was conducted to reveal P fractions and N forms changing characters during composting of pig manure with rice straw.During composting,the NH 4 ＋-N concentration decreased and reached at a relatively low value（〈400 mg kg-1） in the final compost,while the NO 3--N concentration increased.Total N losses mainly occurred during thermophilic phase due to the high temperature,the high NH 4 ＋-N concentration and the increase of pH value.Labile inorganic P was dominated in the pig manure and initial compost mixture.During composting,the proportion of labile inorganic P of total extracted P decreased,while the proportion of Fe＋Al-bound P,Ca＋Mg-bound P and residual P increased.The evolutions of the proportion of labile inorganic P,Fe＋Al-bound P and Ca＋Mg-bound P were well correlated with the changes of pH value,organic matter and C/N ratio.Therefore,composting could increase the concentration of N and P and decrease the presence of NH 4 ＋-N and labile P fractions which might cause environmental issues following land application.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFD0200200 and 2017YFD0200202)
文摘The concentration and components of manure phosphorus(P)are key factors determining potential P bioavailability and runoff.The distribution of P forms in swine,poultry and cattle manures collected from intensive and extensive production systems in several areas of China was investigated with sequential fractionation and a simplified two-step(NaHCO3-NaOH/EDTA)procedures.The mean total P concentration,determined by the sequential fractionation procedure of intensive swine,poultry and cattle manure,expressed as g·kg–1,was 14.9,13.4 and 5.8 g·kg–1,respectively,and 4.4 g·kg–1 in extensive cattle manure.In intensive swine,poultry and cattle manure about 73%,74%and 79%of total P,respectively,was bioavailable(i.e.,P extracted by H2O and NaHCO3)and 78%in extensive cattle manure.The results indicated the relative environmental risk,from high to low,of swine,poultry and cattle manure.There is considerable regional variation in animal manure P across China,which needs to be considered when developing manure management strategies.
文摘Global food production is expected to double by 2050 for feeding 9 billion people（Godfray et al.2010）,but yields had stagnated or even collapsed in 24–39%of crop-growing areas over the period 1961–2008（Ray et al.2012）,
