Relationship between the Three Laws of Dialectics of Nature and Agricultural Development

Based on the three laws of dialectics of nature-the law of unity of opposites, the law of mutual change of quality and the law of negation of negation, this paper analyzes the relationship between the three laws and agricultural development, and proposes making good use of the three laws to promote the better development of agriculture and realize agricultural modernization.

Taking Nature Seriously： Hegel on Nature and the Education of the Mind

The incredible extent of current environmental destruction justifies the modern concern to resist the alienated view of nature as a resource to exploit a totality of dead and meaningless objects, a totally disenchanted world. In this spirit, modern philosophy tries to take nature seriously by recapturing a sense of nature＇s intrinsic value. Hegel respects nature to the extent that it bears the trace of the human mind, to the extent that it is forced ＂to speak the voice of reason.＂ Although there are grounds for being critical of the Hegelian project, especially because Hegel remains silent on the issue of our duties towards nature for the sake of nature and his argumentation serves the primordial desires of human reasoning and not the rights of nature itself, it is suggested that no matter how much inauthentic and incomplete is the recognition that the human mind acquires in its dialectical confrontations with nature. Hegelian phenomenology grants the human mind with a remarkable degree of self-certainty, necessary for all its subsequent educational enterprises.

Arabic Dialect Identification in Social Media:A Comparative Study of Deep Learning and Transformer Approaches

Arabic dialect identification is essential in Natural Language Processing(NLP)and forms a critical component of applications such as machine translation,sentiment analysis,and cross-language text generation.The difficulties in differentiating between Arabic dialects have garnered more attention in the last 10 years,particularly in social media.These difficulties result from the overlapping vocabulary of the dialects,the fluidity of online language use,and the difficulties in telling apart dialects that are closely related.Managing dialects with limited resources and adjusting to the ever-changing linguistic trends on social media platforms present additional challenges.A strong dialect recognition technique is essential to improving communication technology and cross-cultural understanding in light of the increase in social media usage.To distinguish Arabic dialects on social media,this research suggests a hybrid Deep Learning(DL)approach.The Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM)and Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory(BiLSTM)architectures make up the model.A new textual dataset that focuses on three main dialects,i.e.,Levantine,Saudi,and Egyptian,is also available.Approximately 11,000 user-generated comments from Twitter are included in this dataset,which has been painstakingly annotated to guarantee accuracy in dialect classification.Transformers,DL models,and basic machine learning classifiers are used to conduct several tests to evaluate the performance of the suggested model.Various methodologies,including TF-IDF,word embedding,and self-attention mechanisms,are used.The suggested model fares better than other models in terms of accuracy,obtaining a remarkable 96.54%,according to the trial results.This study advances the discipline by presenting a new dataset and putting forth a practical model for Arabic dialect identification.This model may prove crucial for future work in sociolinguistic studies and NLP.

Kosik＇s Dialectics of Concrete Totality

Setting out from the categories of totality and histori（ci）sm in Kosik＇s Dialectics of the Concrete, we look at the relationship between theory and praxis： empty, abstract totality versus concrete, reified and alienated practice （Lukacs, Habermas, Honneth）; a bad totality, in which the real polydimensional subject is replaced by the one-dimensional, mythologized, fetishized, and economistically reduced ＂subject＂ of consummation （Marcuse, Baudrillard）. The dialectics of concrete totality implies a marxistic critique of the ethical and juristic universalism, in the context of the ＂positive＂ side of globalization and political unilateralism, as a concrete, militant, hegemonistic, post-colonial, and neo-imperial practice （Apel, Habermas, Chomsky, Zinoviev）; globalization as totali（tari）zation, the ＂last man,＂ the ＂end of history,＂ and the ＂end＂ of dialectics in its neo-liberal, eschatological, empty ideological ＂realization＂ （Hegel, Marx, Fukuyama, Arendt）; the totality of the （invariable） being as a pseudo-concrete and pseudo-dialectical ontologistic speculation （Heidegger）： A ＂return＂ to a concrete history and a return of the ＂positive＂ dialectics as a critical awareness, mind, and method in the discourse ＂game＂ of human＇s cognitive, creative, and practical powers. The assumption of Kosik＇s humanism is a synchrony of nature and history in the ＂absolute＂ totality of human＇s concrete existence （Lukacs, Goldmann, Adorno, Sartre, Kosik）.

The research on philosophy thought of quantum theory——The discussion about Bohr＇s and Heisenberg＇s natural science philosophy outlook

Analysises and resrarches into Bohr’s quantum dialectics of nature of mutual complement and Heisenberg’s quantumphilosophy outlook. It gets a deeper and more systematic comgnition and comprehension to quantum theory philosophy thought.

本质·异化·复归:马克思对“人与自然关系”之谜的初步解答及其当代价值

处理好人与自然的关系是关乎人的存在和发展的基础性问题,也是解决当前环境危机的关键所在。在《1844年经济学哲学手稿》中,马克思不仅从本质维度揭示了人与自然在对象性活动中相互确证的关系,也对资本主义社会中人与自然关系的异化形态及其根源进行了全面剖析,并以私有财产的积极扬弃和共产主义指认了人与自然关系的复归路径,以“本质—异化—复归”的逻辑理路通达了“人与自然关系”之谜的初步解答。这些思想观点不仅是马克思探索“历史之谜”的原初体现,也是将哲学、政治经济学和科学社会主义相结合的最初形态,构成了马克思主义关于人与自然关系思想的理论起点,在进一步全面深化改革、推进人与自然和谐共生的现代化的进程中彰显出愈来愈鲜明的时代价值。

Dialectics of nature in materials science:binary cooperative complementary materials

Binary cooperative complementary materials,consisting of two components with entirely opposite physiochemical properties at the nanoscale, are presented as a novel principle for the design and construct of functional materials. By summarizing recent achievement in materials science, it can be found that the cooperative interaction distance between the pair of complementary property must be comparable with the scale of related physical or chemical parameter. When the binary components are in the cooperative distance, the cooperation between these building blocks becomes dominant and endows the macroscopic materials with unique properties and advanced functionalities that cannot be achieved by either of building blocks.

Dialectics of nature： Temporal and spatial regulation in material sciences

The cooperative interaction distance measure has been proposed as a novel law pertaining to dialectics of nature, and has been extensively carried out in the design of functional nanomaterials. However, the temporal and spatial dimensions are akin to yin and yang, and thus temporal regulation needs to be accounted for when implementing the above-mentioned principle. Here, we summarize recent advances in temporally and spatially regulated materials and devices. We showcase the temporal regulation of organic semiconductors for organic photovoltaics （OPVs） using the example of exciton lifetime manipulation. As an example of spatial regulation, we consider the distribution of charge carriers in core-shell quantum dot （QD） nanocrystals for modulating their optical properties. Long exciton lifetime can in principle increase the exciton diffussion length, which is desiable for high-efficiency large-area OPV devices. Spatially regulated QDs are highly valuable emitters for light-emitting applications. We aim to show that cooperative spatio-temporal regulation of nanomaterils is of vital importance to the development of functional devices.

Reshaping Nature:Humanism,Ethnicity,and Literary and Film Production of the Story of Daji

This article discusses the role that nature plays in ethnic literature and films in the Seventeen-Year Period(1949-66).It takes the story of Daji and Her Fathers as an example and investigates the ways in which nature features in the reconstruction of ethnic identity in the formation of a multiethnic nation as in the case of China.I will explore three aspects:first,the debate on humanism,which was closely related to ethnic minority film production at the time.A central issue of the debate then was the question of“humanistic”-that is,affective,emotional,subjective,and most importantly,natural-expression in literary and art works.Ethnic minority identity,with its unique status,was given some latitude for humanistic expression and“natural”understanding.Second,due to ethnic minority groups’special significance in China’s nation-building,a reconstruction of ethnic minority nature became imperative for the People’s Republic of China.This reconstruction involves mostly restructuring a“second nature,”or dialectic nature of minority under the socialist mandate.This dialectic nature demands something more than natural,immediate constituents and requires a socially and politically mediated ethnic minority nature that is aligned with multiethnic nationality.Third,this dialectic nature is to be formed following Marxist dialectical materialism,mainly through the means of social(ist)labor that changes nature.

收益系统观视角下的森林碳汇资源资产价值实现机制建构

森林碳汇资源资产价值的实现在全民所有自然资源资产所有权委托代理机制试点目标实现过程中扮演着重要角色。基于“现状分析—观念提出—理论搭建—制度建构”的思维脉络,对森林碳汇资源资产价值实现问题进行了探索,以期为“落实所有者权益”目标实现提供新的思路。通过森林蓄积量扩展法和市场价值法测算了中国近4次森林资源清查的森林碳汇价值存量,发现我国森林碳汇价值存量具有总量大且持续增长的特征,说明研究森林碳汇价值实现具有重要意义。进一步梳理政府公开资料发现,虽然森林碳汇拥有巨大价值存量,但真正能够转化为收益的价值存量占比较低,各地林区广泛依赖政府财政支出或补贴的方式维持经营管理,因此如何创新森林碳汇价值实现模式、将价值存量最大化转换为资产收益、切实落实森林碳汇资源资产所有者权益是亟待解答的重要问题。凝练马克思辩证唯物主义系统观核心内涵,深入自然资源资产价值实现实践,提出“收益系统观”的研究思路,从全局观、链条观、发展观的视角进行机制设计。“收益系统观”是将自然资源经济价值实现等同于资产收益实现,从收益的获得出发,到“全民共享”目标达到结束,为每一关键节点设计机制要素,以打通收益实现的制度链条,真正实现森林碳汇资源资产经济价值,切实落实收益共享的目标任务。以“收益系统观”视角切入,对森林碳汇资源资产价值实现进行了理论机制搭建,从总体框架、关键环节、保障机制方面充分考虑各部分的需求,初步形成森林碳汇资源资产价值实现机制理论体系。基于搭建出的理论体系,对价值实现机制进行制度建构。对收益获得这一关键环节,提出市场、金融、产业3种收益获得路径,并分别给出制度优化建议;对收益管理这一重要保障,针对收益管理中委托代理方式不明的问题提出“互动完全式”委托代理方式;对收益分配这另一重要保障,提出分配制度要充分体现“全民所有”属性,在收益分配的主客体和主次关系上做出了分析,提出中央、地方、企业、全民之间需进行3次分配,同时建立完善的收益预算和收益使用管理制度以使收益分配更加制度化、规范化、公开化。

重释马克思辩证法的“批判”本质

马克思在论述辩证法的“合理形态”时明确指出,辩证法在本质上是“批判的和革命的”。然而,关于“批判”本质的本体论根基、理论指向以及在现实运用中的表现形式,学界还尚未达成共识。在特定的叙述语境中,马克思论述了“社会存在”为辩证法的“批判”功能发挥本质性作用奠定根基,使得辩证法的批判性在社会存在的本体论根基上获证自身的本质地位;马克思在深入社会历史总体以揭示资本主义生成逻辑的过程中,呈现了辩证法“批判”本质的理论指向在于历史总体的批判性思维;在政治经济学批判的现实运用中,马克思揭露了劳动与资本之间的本质对立,并在审视人与人之间差异性统一关系中形成了应然批判的现实运用方式。只有回到马克思的“批判”理论与实践语境中,才能获得对辩证法“批判”本质的充分理解。

恩格斯自然辩证法传统与自然哲学——再学恩格斯的《自然辩证法》

我国科学技术哲学界有两种学术传统:自然辩证法传统与科学哲学传统。恩格斯指出:唯心主义的凌驾于科学之上的黑格尔自然哲学终结了,应创立辩证唯物主义自然观。恩格斯关于自然界、自然科学的许多论述表明,他的自然观与科学观具有重要意义。后来逻辑实证主义排斥“形而上学”,使一些学者对自然哲学的关注度下降。两种学术传统的哲学基本观点不同。遵循自然辩证法传统,自然哲学应同科学相结合,开展科学自然哲学研究。日常世界与量子世界的关系,是其中的一项重要课题。

爱情、劳动与文质之辩:社会主义爱情与政治关系再探

学术界流行的对中华人民共和国爱情的叙述有两种观点:一是爱情压倒政治,一是政治压倒爱情。两种观点针锋相对,但也有着共同点:它们都是从男女权利平等原则出发展开的讨论,而忽略了劳动生产话语在中华人民共和国爱情建设中的作用。从劳动生产话语出发,会发现其不仅为自由爱情的出现打开了更广阔的空间,同时也对爱情中的爱欲表达造成了限制。这一打开和限制与新中国建设带来的生活方式由文趋质的变化有关。因此,劳动对爱情表达的限制不能简单地视为政治压抑爱情的表现,毋宁看作是生活方式由文趋质的表征。

中国传统文化中的守正创新思想及其当代启示

坚持守正创新是习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想所蕴涵的世界观和方法论的重要内容之一。中国文化中“变易”与“不易”、“奇”与“正”、“经”与“权”等概念蕴涵着丰富的守正创新思想。中国守正创新的传统文化底蕴深厚。从守正与创新的辩证统一、守正的不变之道、创新的适变之术三个方面对这一传统文化予以深入阐释,可以拓展我们对守正与创新的关系是什么、如何坚持守正、如何坚持创新等一系列问题的思考。中国传统文化中守正创新思想的辩证性、道义性和谋略性,对于新时代坚持守正创新具有重要借鉴意义,亦为解决当代人类所面临的问题提供了中国智慧。

马克思《1844年经济学—哲学手稿》中的“劳动辩证法”——从康德哲学的观念看

马克思《1844经济学—哲学手稿》中的劳动学说,有其对人作为类的存在物的本质的深刻关怀,由此超越了国民经济学家的局限视域。这种关怀体现在对劳动辩证法的理解上。劳动中蕴含的功利性谋生意义和超越性自由意义之对立,构成康德所揭示的哲学史上辩证法的真实含义。据此展开的以共产主义为目的的历史哲学,也成为德国古典哲学现代性发展上的重要环节。由此可见马克思的哲学展现了深广的哲学史背景,值得我们再度反思。

重建人与自然和谐关系的新思考

党的二十大提出“推动绿色发展,促进人与自然和谐共生”,并指出要“站在人与自然和谐共生的高度谋划发展”。人与自然和谐共生是新时代生态文明建设的重要原则,也是中国式现代化的重要特征。从辩证统一的视角出发,澄清人类具有生物性与社会性双重属性这一实质,并对人类社会历史发展进程中无意识导致生态副作用这一历史教训始终保持警惕,乃是确保我国生态文明建设成效显著,促进中国式现代化稳步实现必不可少的新思考。

施密特自然辩证法界说中的“马恩对立论”——基于《马克思的自然概念》释读

恩格斯自然辩证法的施密特批判是西方马克思主义者在自然观上制造“马恩对立论”的一个缩影。自卢卡奇到法兰克福学派,都致力于对辩证法的适用限度省审,认为辩证法只在马克思分析与研究资本主义社会的过程中展现自身,如果把辩证法“应用”或“推广”到自然领域,则是对马克思辩证法思想的僭越。施密特沿着卢卡奇和法兰克福学派开辟的辩证法批判路向,同样主张辩证法的社会实践性,并提出独具特色的社会和自然的“双向中介”思想。在施密特看来,恩格斯的自然辩证法是一种“独断的形而上学”“素朴的实在论”,是向自然“本体论”的回返。实际上,施密特对恩格斯自然辩证法定出如此这般的哲学判断,一个极为关键的因素就在于他忽视自然辩证法中关于“自然概念”的历史内涵,“人与自然”关系的双向作用以及内纳的深厚实践底蕴。也就是说,在对自然辩证法内涵与实质的把握程度上,恩格斯和马克思具有一致性。

自然辩证法的现代化蕴意及其当代价值

因为理论基础和思想范式的不同,人类现代化呈现出不同的形态。以马克思主义为指导思想的中国式现代化,创造出与西方现代化迥然有异的中国道路。恩格斯的自然辩证法,因其强调变革与创新、倡导人与自然相统一和呼吁科技造福于人类,故成为中国式现代化重要的理论渊源。面对“百年未有之大变局”的情势,重温自然辩证法的精神内核,既有助于中国式现代化事业的顺利进行,又能为人类走出变乱困境提供思想启示。

人与自然和谐共生的现代化生态理论探源——基于《1844年经济学哲学手稿》的考察

人与自然和谐共生,一方面,说明人与自然是共生共荣、互为感性对象的生命共同体;另一方面,说明人与自然是交互影响的利益共同体。资本逻辑是破坏和割裂这种整体性的感性对象性交互关系的罪魁祸首,只有根除资本逻辑,实现社会重构,才能彻底解决人与自然的双重异化状态问题,进而从社会历史范畴为解决人与自然问题、实现生态环境治理现代化提供现实路径,即在人与自然这个生命共同体之中彰显社会正义和生态正义,实现人与自身、人与自然的和解。

基于自然辩证性思想的雷达防御原理课程思政探析

立德树人是教育的根本任务,每门课、每位教师都有育人的职责和使命。雷达防御原理作为一门思想政治教育隐性课程,引入思政元素,并不是要增设内容或新的活动,而是将相关的思想政治教育融入授课环节,与显性课程同向同行,构建全课程育人格局。该文对雷达防御原理的课程思政可行性作简要分析,并结合自然辨证性思想探讨该课程的思政引入元素,可为专业课程思政提供参考,开拓思路。