Assessment of International GNSS Service Global Ionosphere Map products over China region based on measurements from the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China

The global ionosphere maps(GIM)provided by the International GNSS Service(IGS)are extensively utilized for ionospheric morphology monitoring,scientific research,and practical application.Assessing the credibility of GIM products in data-sparse regions is of paramount importance.In this study,measurements from the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China(CMONOC)are leveraged to evaluate the suitability of IGS-GIM products over China region in 2013-2014.The indices of mean error(ME),root mean square error(RMSE),and normalized RMSE(NRMSE)are then utilized to quantify the accuracy of IGS-GIM products.Results revealed distinct local time and latitudinal dependencies in IGS-GIM errors,with substantially high errors at nighttime(NRMSE:39%)and above 40°latitude(NRMSE:49%).Seasonal differences also emerged,with larger equinoctial deviations(NRMSE:33.5%)compared with summer(20%).A preliminary analysis implied that the irregular assimilation of sparse IGS observations,compounded by China’s distinct geomagnetic topology,may manifest as error variations.These results suggest that modeling based solely on IGS-GIM observations engenders inadequate representations across China and that a thorough examination would proffer the necessary foundation for advancing regional total electron content(TEC)constructions.

Constitutive equation and processing map of equiatomic NiTi shape memory alloy under hot plastic deformation

In order to describe the deformation behavior and the hot workability of equiatomic NiTi shape memory alloy (SMA) during hot deformation, Arrhenius-type constitutive equation and hot processing map of the alloy were developed by hot compression tests at temperatures ranging from 500 to 1100 °C and strain rates ranging from 0.0005 to 0.5 s?1. The results show that the instability region of the hot processing map increases with the increase of deformation extent. The instability occurs in the low and high temperature regions. The instability region presents the adiabatic shear bands at low temperatures, but it exhibits the abnormal growth of the grains at high temperatures. Consequently, it is necessary to avoid processing the equiatomic NiTi SMA in these regions. It is preferable to process the NiTi SMA at the temperatures ranging from 750 to 900 °C.

Mirror Mapping of Laser Interferometer Measurement System on Ultra-precise Movement Stage

The accuracy and repeatability of the laser interferometer measurement system （LIMS） are often limited by the mirror surface error that comes from the mirror surface shape and distortion. This paper describes a new method to calibrate mirror map on ultraprecise movement stage （UPMS） with nanopositioning and to make a real-time compensation for the mirror surface error by using mirror map data tables with the software algorithm. Based on the mirror map test model, the factors affecting mirror map are analyzed through geometric method on the UPMS with six digrees of freedom. Dam processing methods including spline interpolation and spline offsets are used to process the raw sampling data to build mirror map tables. The linear interpolation as compensation method to make a real-time correction on the stage mirror unflatness is adopted and the correction formulas are illuminated. In this way, the measurement accuracy of the system is obviously improved from 40 nm to 5 nm.

A Map Construction Method Based on the Cognitive Mechanism of Rat Brain Hippocampus

The entorhinal-hippocampus structure in the mammalian brain is the core area for realizing spatial cognition.However,the visual perception and loop detection methods in the current biomimetic robot navigation model still rely on traditional visual SLAM schemes and lack the process of exploring and applying biological visual methods.Based on this,we propose amap constructionmethod thatmimics the entorhinal-hippocampal cognitive mechanismof the rat brain according to the response of entorhinal cortex neurons to eye saccades in recent related studies.That is,when mammals are free to watch the scene,the entorhinal cortex neurons will encode the saccade position of the eyeball to realize the episodicmemory function.The characteristics of thismodel are as follows:1)A scenememory algorithmthat relies on visual saccade vectors is constructed to imitate the biological brain’s memory of environmental situation information matches the current scene information with the memory;2)According to the information transmission mechanism formed by the hippocampus and the activation theory of spatial cells,a localization model based on the grid cells of the entorhinal cortex and the place cells of the hippocampus was constructed;3)Finally,the scene memory algorithm is used to correct the errors of the positioning model and complete the process of constructing the cognitive map.The model was subjected to simulation experiments on publicly available datasets and physical experiments using a mobile robot platform to verify the environmental adaptability and robustness of the algorithm.The algorithm will provide a basis for further research into bionic robot navigation.

Bifurcation Analysis of Reduced Network Model of Coupled Gaussian Maps for Associative Memory

This paper proposes an associative memory model based on a coupled system of Gaussian maps. A one-dimensional Gaussian map describes a discrete-time dynamical system, and the coupled system of Gaussian maps can generate various phenomena including asymmetric fixed and periodic points. The Gaussian associative memory can effectively recall one of the stored patterns, which were triggered by an input pattern by associating the asymmetric two-periodic points observed in the coupled system with the binary values of output patterns. To investigate the Gaussian associative memory model, we formed its reduced model and analyzed the bifurcation structure. Pseudo-patterns were observed for the proposed model along with other conventional associative memory models, and the obtained patterns were related to the high-order or quasi-periodic points and the chaotic trajectories. In this paper, the structure of the Gaussian associative memory and its reduced models are introduced as well as the results of the bifurcation analysis are presented. Furthermore, the output sequences obtained from simulation of the recalling process are presented. We discuss the mechanism and the characteristics of the Gaussian associative memory based on the results of the analysis and the simulations conducted.

Domain semantic mapping of database metasearch engine

In order to implement semantic mapping of database metasearch engines, a system is proposed, which uses ontology as the organization form of information and records the new words not appearing in the ontology. When the new word＇ s frequency of use exceeds the threshold, it is added into the ontology. Ontology expansion is implemented in this way. The search process supports ＂and＂ and ＂or＂ Boolean operations accordingly. In order to improve the mapping speed of the system, a memory module is added which can memorize the recent query information of users and automatically learn the user＇ s query interest during the mapping which can dynamically decide the search order of instances tables. Experiments prove that these measures can obviously reduce the average mapping time.

Deformation behavior of TiNiFe alloy in isothermal compression

The hot deformation behavior of TiNiFe shape memory alloy was studied by isothermal compression tests.It was performed on a Gleeble-3500 thermal simulation machine at deformation temperature of 750 to 1050 ℃ and strain rate of 0.01 to 10.00 s^(-1) with maximum strain of 0.8.Deformation mechanism was investigated by the aid of true stress-true strain curves,kinetic analysis and processing map.The constitutive relationship was established in the form of Arrhenius-type hyperbolic-sine equation,and the apparent activation energy was calculated to be approximately 200 kJ·mol^(-1).The processing maps of TiNiFe alloy were appreciably influenced by true strain.

Combinatorial Synthesis and High-Throughput Characterization of Microstructure and Phase Transformation in Ni-Ti-Cu-V Quaternary Thin-Film Library

Ni-Ti-based shape memory alloys(SMAs)have found widespread use in the last 70 years,but improving their functional stability remains a key quest for more robust and advanced applications.Named for their ability to retain their processed shape as a result of a reversible martensitic transformation,SMAs are highly sensitive to compositional variations.Alloying with ternary and quaternary elements to finetune the lattice parameters and the thermal hysteresis of an SMA,therefore,becomes a challenge in materials exploration.Combinatorial materials science allows streamlining of the synthesis process and data management from multiple characterization techniques.In this study,a composition spread of Ni-Ti-Cu-V thin-film library was synthesized by magnetron co-sputtering on a thermally oxidized Si wafer.Composition-dependent phase transformation temperature and microstructure were investigated and determined using high-throughput wavelength dispersive spectroscopy,synchrotron X-ray diffraction,and temperature-dependent resistance measurements.Of the 177 compositions in the materials library,32 were observed to have shape memory effect,of which five had zero or near-zero thermal hysteresis.These compositions provide flexibility in the operating temperature regimes that they can be used in.A phase map for the quaternary system and correlations of functional properties are discussed w让h respect to the local microstructure and composition of the thin-film library.

Cognitive Navigation for Intelligent Mobile Robots:A Learning-Based Approach With Topological Memory Configuration

Autonomous navigation for intelligent mobile robots has gained significant attention,with a focus on enabling robots to generate reliable policies based on maintenance of spatial memory.In this paper,we propose a learning-based visual navigation pipeline that uses topological maps as memory configurations.We introduce a unique online topology construction approach that fuses odometry pose estimation and perceptual similarity estimation.This tackles the issues of topological node redundancy and incorrect edge connections,which stem from the distribution gap between the spatial and perceptual domains.Furthermore,we propose a differentiable graph extraction structure,the topology multi-factor transformer(TMFT).This structure utilizes graph neural networks to integrate global memory and incorporates a multi-factor attention mechanism to underscore elements closely related to relevant target cues for policy generation.Results from photorealistic simulations on image-goal navigation tasks highlight the superior navigation performance of our proposed pipeline compared to existing memory structures.Comprehensive validation through behavior visualization,interpretability tests,and real-world deployment further underscore the adapt-ability and efficacy of our method.

Use of Local Region Maps on Convolutional LSTM for Single-Image HDR Reconstruction

Low dynamic range(LDR)images captured by consumer cameras have a limited luminance range.As the conventional method for generating high dynamic range(HDR)images involves merging multiple-exposure LDR images of the same scene(assuming a stationary scene),we introduce a learning-based model for single-image HDR reconstruction.An input LDR image is sequentially segmented into the local region maps based on the cumulative histogram of the input brightness distribution.Using the local region maps,SParam-Net estimates the parameters of an inverse tone mapping function to generate a pseudo-HDR image.We process the segmented region maps as the input sequences on long short-term memory.Finally,a fast super-resolution convolutional neural network is used for HDR image reconstruction.The proposed method was trained and tested on datasets including HDR-Real,LDR-HDR-pair,and HDR-Eye.The experimental results revealed that HDR images can be generated more reliably than using contemporary end-to-end approaches.

A Glimpse of Hong Kong ＂Chineseness＂： Pre-existing Tunes as the Redemption of a Cultural Identity

When the umbrellas were held up against the tear gas attack in the protest on September 28, 2014, the hot issue raised by the marathon-like Yellow Umbrella Movement was not only the matter of politics but also a coincidence created for the Hong Kong locals to face, or to be faced with an already moot cliche： How the Hongkongese can redef＇me and redeem their almost lost socio-cultural identity, particularly under the increasingly hegemonic influences and the socio-cultural invasion of the mainland after the 1997 Handover. My present paper is not intended to discuss the topic of identity on the platform of politics, or the postcolonial studies such as transculturation or cultural hybridty. But instead, I am far more interested in locating such issue on the aesthetic dimension of collective memory, which is revealed in two local contemporary Hong Kong compositions. In the process of shaping and reshaping a form of＂HongKongeseness＂ in which the composers tend to create and the local listeners tend to experience, albeit transient, can appear in every nuance of the sonic metaphor embedded in the pre-existing indigenous tunes of a self-contained compositional work.

Performance of risk stratification systems for gastrointestinal stromal tumors: A multicenter study

BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal tumor type in the gastrointestinal system. Presently, various classification systems to prognosticate GISTs have been proposed.AIM To evaluate the application value of four different risk stratification systems for GISTs.METHODS Patients who were diagnosed with GISTs and underwent surgical resection at four hospitals from 1998 to 2015 were identified from a database. Risk of recurrence was stratified by the modified National Institute of Health(NIH)criteria, the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology(AFIP) criteria, the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center(MSKCC) prognostic nomogram, and the contour maps. Receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curves were established to compare the four abovementioned risk stratification systems based on the area under the curve(AUC).RESULTS A total of 1303 patients were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 55.77 ± 13.70 yr; 52.3% of the patients were male. The mean follow-up period was 64.91 ± 35.79 mo. Approximately 67.0% the tumors were located in the stomach, and 59.5% were smaller than 5 cm; 67.3% of the patients had a mitotic count ≤ 5/50 high-power fields(HPFs). Thirty-four tumors ruptured before and during surgery. Univariate analysis demonstrated that tumor size > 5 cm(P <0.05), mitotic count > 5/50 HPFs(P < 0.05), non-gastric location(P < 0.05), and tumor rupture(P < 0.05) were significantly associated with increased recurrence rates. According to the ROC curve, the AFIP criteria showed the largest AUC(0.754).CONCLUSION According to our data, the AFIP criteria were associated with a larger AUC than the NIH modified criteria, the MSKCC nomogram, and the contour maps, which might indicate that the AFIP criteria have better accuracy to support therapeutic decision-making for patients with GISTs.

DEFORMATION BEHAVIOUR OF Cu－Zn－Al ALLOYS AND ITS EFFECT ON TRANSFORMATION HYSTERESIS

ＤＥＦＯＲＭＡＴＩＯＮＢＥＨＡＶＩＯＵＲＯＦＣｕ－Ｚｎ－ＡｌＡＬＬＯＹＳＡＮＤＩＴＳＥＦＦＥＣＴＯＮＴＲＡＮＳＦＯＲＭＡＴＩＯＮＨＹＳＴＥＲＥＳＩＳＷａｎｇＭｉｎｇｐｕ；ＸｕＧｅｎｙｉｎ；ＹｉｎＺｈｉｍｉｎｇ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＭａｔｅｒｉａｌ...

Seismic-inversion method for nonlinear mapping multilevel well–seismic matching based on bidirectional long short-term memory networks

In this paper,the recurrent neural network structure of a bidirectional long shortterm memory network(Bi-LSTM)with special memory cells that store information is used to characterize the deep features of the variation pattern between logging and seismic data.A mapping relationship model between high-frequency logging data and low-frequency seismic data is established via nonlinear mapping.The seismic waveform is infinitely approximated using the logging curve in the low-frequency band to obtain a nonlinear mapping model of this scale,which then stepwise approach the logging curve in the high-frequency band.Finally,a seismic-inversion method of nonlinear mapping multilevel well–seismic matching based on the Bi-LSTM network is developed.The characteristic of this method is that by applying the multilevel well–seismic matching process,the seismic data are stepwise matched to the scale range that is consistent with the logging curve.Further,the matching operator at each level can be stably obtained to effectively overcome the problems that occur in the well–seismic matching process,such as the inconsistency in the scale of two types of data,accuracy in extracting the seismic wavelet of the well-side seismic traces,and multiplicity of solutions.Model test and practical application demonstrate that this method improves the vertical resolution of inversion results,and at the same time,the boundary and the lateral characteristics of the sand body are well maintained to improve the accuracy of thin-layer sand body prediction and achieve an improved practical application effect.

助行康复机器人自适应步态控制方法研究

为了提高助行康复机器人在不同坡度上的稳定性,合理的步态控制方法显得尤为重要。这里以助行康复机器人为研究对象,提出了一种将长短期记忆网络和动态运动基元结合的步行康复机器人自适应步态控制方法。将传感器采集信息与动态运动基元中步态控制项相结合,对参考步态进行调整。同时通过更改动态运动基元的时间项和空间项对步态进行二次调整以适应不同的坡度。通过试验对该控制方法的可用性进行验证。结果表明,该方法可以在(0~20)°斜坡进行自适应步态变换,具有一定的实用价值。

基于微小运动的人脸活体检测算法

针对人脸识别过程中容易受到打印攻击、视频重放攻击的问题,提出一种利用微小运动的人脸活体检测算法。该算法对视频进行运动放大处理以增强微小运动;使用运动强度和运动方向描述微小运动,生成两种运动特征图并进行融合;使用基于注意力机制的VGG16网络进行真伪判别。在Replay-attack数据集上半错误率(HTER)为1.35%,在CASIA FASD数据集上等错误率(EER)为2.5%,证明了微小运动对人脸防伪的有效性。

Effects of Danggui-Shaoyao-San on the Influence of Spatial Learning and Memory Induced by Experimental Tooth Movement

Background： The pain caused by orthodontic treatment has been considered as tough problems in orthodontic practice. There is substantial literature on pain which has exactly effected on learning and memory; orthodontic tooth movement affected the emotional status has been showed positive outcomes. Danggui-Shaoyao-San （DSS） is a Traditional Chinese Medicine prescription that has been used for pain treatment and analgesic effect for orthodontic pain via inhibiting the activations of neuron and glia. We raised the hypothesis that DSS could restore the impaired abilities of spatial learning and memory via regulating neuron or glia expression in the hippocampus. Methods： A total of 36 rats were randornly divided into three groups： （ 1 ） Sham group （n = 12）, rats underwent all the operation procedure except for the placement of orthodontic forces and received saline treatment： （2） experimental tooth movement （ETM） group （n - 12）, rats received saline treatment and ETM： （3） DSS ＋ ETM （DETM） group （n = 12）, rats received DSS treatment and ETM. All DETM group animals were administered with DSS at a dose of 150 mg/kg. Monis water maze test was evaluated： immunofluorescent histochemistry was used to identity astrocytes activation, and immunofluorescent dendritic spine analysis was used to identify the dendritic spines morphological characteristics expression levels in hippocampus. Results： Maze training sessions during the 5 successive days revealed that ETM significantly deficits in progressive learning in rats, DSS that was given from day 5 prior to ETM enhanced progressive learning. The ETM group rats took longer to cross target quadrant during the probe trial and got less times to cross-platform than DETM group. The spine density in hippocampus in ETM group was significantly decreased cornpared to the sham group. In addition, thin and mature spine density were decreased too. However, the DSS administration could reverse the dendritic shrinkage and increase the spine density compared to the ETM group. Astrocytes activation showed the opposite trend in hippocampus dentate gyrus （DG）. Conclusions： Treatment with DSS could restore the impaired abilities on ETM-induced decrease of learning and memory behavior. The decreased spines density in the hippocampus and astrocytes activation in DG ofhippocampus in the ETM group rats may be related with the decline of the ability of learning and rnernory. The ability to change the synaptic plasticity in hippocarnpus after DSS administration may be correlated with the alleviation of impairment of learn and memory atter ETM treatment.

基于记忆泊车场景的视觉SLAM算法

随着自动驾驶技术的发展,视觉同步建图与定位(SLAM)技术受到越来越多的关注。在记忆泊车场景中,需要对停车场场景建立先验地图,待汽车再次驶入相同的停车场时,使用视觉SLAM进行场景建图与定位。为使SLAM所建地图的鲁棒性更好、精度和效率更高,文中首先使用轻量化的深度学习算法改善传统特征提取算法在不同场景下鲁棒性较差的不足,用深度可分离卷积代替普通卷积结构,从而大大提升了特征提取效率;接着基于ResNet网络改进Patch-NetVLAD算法,并在MSLS数据集上对改进的残差网络和原始VGG网络进行重新训练,使用图像检索进行粗定位,挑选出候选图像帧,再通过精定位求解相机位姿,完成全局初始化的重定位;在此基础上,使用改进后的词袋算法重新训练不同停车场场景下的图像,将所有算法移植到OpenVSLAM架构中完成实际场景的建图与定位。实验结果表明,文中设计的视觉SLAM系统能够完成地上停车场、地下停车场以及室外半封闭园区道路等多场景的建图,平均纵向定位误差为8.42 cm,平均横向定位误差为8.30 cm,均达到工程要求。

基于ISSA-LSTM模型的可再生能源电力需求预测

为了更精准地预测未来能源结构调整方向及成效,选用ISSA-LSTM组合预测模型对中国2023-2030年可再生能源的电力需求进行预测。首先,利用Circle混沌映射改进麻雀搜索算法(SSA)以提高搜索能力以及种群多样性;然后引入长短期记忆神经网络(LSTM)以有效捕捉可再生能源电力需求随机波动性和时序性;最后,通过ISSA-LSTM模型预测长期可再生能源的电力需求,验证测试集数据,并与其他传统模型进行对比。结果表明:ISSA-LSTM模型预测结果能够满足对可再生能源电力需求预测的精度要求;在未来2023-2030年可再生能源电力需求稳定,波动幅度不大,可达到全国用电量的1/3;利用Circle混沌映射改进策略能有效提升SSA寻优能力。与PSO算法相比,SSA算法寻找LSTM超参数最优解的能力更优,ISSA-LSTM模型预测可再生能源电力需求精度更高。

The investigation on sensitive mapping of memory cell in microprocessor

The single event effects of the sensitivity of a circuit are investigated on a 32-bit microprocessor with a five-stage instruction pipeline by pulsed laser test. The investigation on sensitive mapping of the memory cell is illustrated and then the comparison between the sensitive mapping and the layout of the circuit is made. A comparison result indicates that the area of the sensitive node in sensitive mapping is just the location of the drain in the layout. Therefore, SEE sensitivity in sensitive mapping fits well with that in the physical layout of functional units, which can directly and objectively indicate the size and distribution of sensitive areas. The investigation of sensitive mapping is a meaningful way to verify the hardened effect and provide a reference for improving hardened design by combining with the physical layout.