Purpose： We present a systematic review of the literature concerning major aspects of science mapping to serve two primary purposes： First, to demonstrate the use of a science mapping approach to perform the review ...Purpose： We present a systematic review of the literature concerning major aspects of science mapping to serve two primary purposes： First, to demonstrate the use of a science mapping approach to perform the review so that researchers may apply the procedure to the review of a scientific domain of their own interest, and second, to identify major areas of research activities concerning science mapping, intellectual milestones in the development of key specialties, evolutionary stages of major specialties involved, and the dynamics of transitions from one specialty to another.Design/methodology/approach： We first introduce a theoretical framework of the evolution of a scientific specialty. Then we demonstrate a generic search strategy that can be used to construct a representative dataset of bibliographic records of a domain of research. Next, progressively synthesized co-citation networks are constructed and visualized to aid visual analytic studies of the domain＇s structural and dynamic patterns and trends. Finally, trajectories of citations made by particular types of authors and articles are presented to illustrate the predictive potential of the analytic approach.Findings： The evolution of the science mapping research involves the development of a number of interrelated specialties. Four major specialties are discussed in detail in terms of four evolutionary stages： conceptualization, tool construction, application, and codification. Underlying connections between major specialties are also explored. The predictive analysis demonstrates citations trajectories of potentially transformative contributions.Research limitations： The systematic review is primarily guided by citation patterns in the dataset retrieved from the literature. The scope of the data is limited by the source of the retrieval, i.e. the Web of Science, and the composite query used. An iterative query refinement is possible if one would like to improve the data quality, although the current approach serves our purpose adequately. More in-depth analyses of each specialty would be more revealing by incorporating additional methods such as citation context analysis and studies of other aspects of scholarly publications.Practical implications： The underlying analytic process of science mapping serves many practical needs, notably bibliometric mapping, knowledge domain visualization, and visualization of scientific literature. In order to master such a complex process of science mapping, researchers often need to develop a diverse set of skills and knowledge that may span multiple disciplines. The approach demonstrated in this article provides a generic method for conducting a systematic review.Originality/value： Incorporating the evolutionary stages of a specialty into the visual analytic study of a research domain is innovative. It provides a systematic methodology for researchers to achieve a good understanding of how scientific fields evolve, to recognize potentially insightful patterns from visually encoded signs, and to synthesize various information so as to capture the state of the art of the domain.展开更多
Background:Evidence-based treatments for service-related health conditions such as posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD),depression,and traumatic brain injury(TBI)are not effective for all veterans.Equine-assisted inter...Background:Evidence-based treatments for service-related health conditions such as posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD),depression,and traumatic brain injury(TBI)are not effective for all veterans.Equine-assisted interventions are emerging as an additional treatment modality,but little is known regarding the safe and effective delivery of these interventions.This study aimed to describe the following features of the body of literature concerning equineassisted interventions among veterans:1)veterans who have participated in equine-assisted interventions;2)specific characteristics of equine-assisted interventions in veterans;and 3)the specific characteristics of research on equineassisted interventions in veterans.Methods:We conducted a systematic mapping review of peer-reviewed literature reporting on equine-assisted interventions among veterans between 1980 and 2017.Searches of nine databases yielded 3336 unique records,six of which met the inclusion criteria and were reviewed.Data relevant to the study aims were extracted and analyzed.Results:Equine-assisted interventions among veterans disproportionately targeted psychosocial outcomes and yielded promising results.The detailed methods of EAI varied in the reported studies,ranging from communicating with the horse to mounted exercises.There was also great diversity in outcome measurement.The state of theoretical development regarding the mechanisms by which equine-assisted interventions benefit the veteran population is currently underdeveloped.Studies provided insufficient detail with respect to the description of the intervention,reasons for attrition,and the dose-response relationship.Conclusions:Scientific development of equine-assisted interventions targeting psychosocial outcomes among veterans is warranted to establish their efficacy.Targeted outcomes should be expanded,including outcomes more closely aligned with the nature of polytraumatic injuries.Future research must also emphasize the theoretical development of equine-assisted interventions for veterans and thoroughly describe the participants,components of the intervention,factors contributing to attrition,and optimal dose-response relationships.展开更多
背景确立手法治疗中医骨伤科领域的优势病种,将对推动手法技术和骨伤科优势专科的发展起到促进作用,但目前其评价和筛选尚缺乏基于循证医学证据的量化评价过程。目的应用证据图方法,系统梳理手法治疗中医骨伤科领域疾病的系统评价,探索...背景确立手法治疗中医骨伤科领域的优势病种,将对推动手法技术和骨伤科优势专科的发展起到促进作用,但目前其评价和筛选尚缺乏基于循证医学证据的量化评价过程。目的应用证据图方法,系统梳理手法治疗中医骨伤科领域疾病的系统评价,探索手法治疗中医骨伤科领域的优势病种。方法计算机检索Pub Med、Embase、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、中国生物医学文献服务系统、中国知网、维普网和万方数据知识服务平台,搜集手法治疗中医骨伤科领域疾病的系统评价,检索时限均为建库至2023-03-05,运用图表结合文字的方式呈现证据分布特点。结果纳入的126篇系统评价发表年限为2003—2023年,国内外相关研究数量总体呈增长趋势。方法学质量评价结果显示13篇为中等质量、64篇为低质量、49篇为极低质量。证据图显示,手法治疗中医骨伤科领域研究证据主要分布于18个临床病种包括颈椎病、腰痛、膝关节炎、腰椎间盘突出症、踝关节扭伤、肩周炎、颈源性头痛、寰枢关节半脱位、桡骨远端骨折、肱骨外上髁炎、腕管综合征、腰扭伤、脊柱侧弯、髋关节炎、纤维肌痛综合征、肌筋膜疼痛综合征、肩袖损伤、肱骨髁上骨折,呈现出有益或可能有益的效应。结论手法治疗在中医骨伤科的临床应用广泛,但由于方法学质量存在不足,并且缺乏安全性和经济性的研究证据,未来仍需多层级机构间联动合作,建立健全评价标准和体系,提高研究质量,更新研究证据,进一步探索手法在中医骨伤科领域中的优势所在。展开更多
目的:采用证据图的方法,对近10年中医药治疗非酒精性脂肪性肝病的临床随机对照试验(RCTs)和系统评价/Meta分析进行系统检索和梳理,展现该领域的证据分布情况。方法:计算机检索PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、CNKI、...目的:采用证据图的方法,对近10年中医药治疗非酒精性脂肪性肝病的临床随机对照试验(RCTs)和系统评价/Meta分析进行系统检索和梳理,展现该领域的证据分布情况。方法:计算机检索PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、CNKI、CBM、Wanfang和VIP数据库,检索时限从2012年11月至2022年11月,纳入符合纳排标准的中医药治疗非酒精性脂肪性肝病的RCTs和系统评价/Meta分析,采用图表与文字结合的形式对证据分布特点进行分析。结果:共纳入RCTs文献636篇,系统评价/Meta分析文献27篇。RCTs文献发文量趋势总体较为平稳,研究疾病以非酒精性脂肪性肝病和非酒精性脂肪性肝炎为主。多数RCTs研究的样本量集中于60~100例。干预措施类别包括中药复方口服、中成药口服,针灸、穴位埋线、穴位贴敷、中药离子导入、推拿等中医外治法和保肝药、降脂药、降糖药等常规西医治疗方案。采用较多的疗效评价指标包括临床疗效、肝功能指标、血脂指标、中医证候积分、超声指标和CT指标。绝大多数RCTs文献未描述随机化的分配隐藏方案和未采用盲法。系统评价/Meta分析文献研究结果均为治疗存在潜在疗效,研究可信度分级均为极低。结论:中医药治疗NAFLD疗效肯定,但存在RCTs设计不合理、偏倚风险较高、样本量较小、缺少中医药主导的干预方案体系、疗效评价指标选择不统一和系统评价质量较低的不足。今后应重视RCT和系统评价的方法学质量和报告质量,探索中医药主导的干预体系,形成统一的中医疗效评价标准,开展大规模、多中心的RCT研究,为中医药治疗NAFLD领域提供更高质量的证据。展开更多
同时定位与地图构建(simultaneous localization and mapping,SLAM)作为计算机视觉中的热门方向,在无人驾驶、移动机器人等领域中发挥着重要的作用。由于线特征在低纹理环境下的优势,越来越多的研究人员利用点线特征融合的方法提高SLAM...同时定位与地图构建(simultaneous localization and mapping,SLAM)作为计算机视觉中的热门方向,在无人驾驶、移动机器人等领域中发挥着重要的作用。由于线特征在低纹理环境下的优势,越来越多的研究人员利用点线特征融合的方法提高SLAM系统的精度和鲁棒性。文中首先简要阐述了传统的点特征SLAM系统在低纹理环境下的局限性,并对现有的视觉SLAM综述文献进行了总结;随后,对经典的点线SLAM方案进行了介绍,并总结了点线特征融合在前端、后端、闭环检测中的研究进展;最后,对点线SLAM未来的发展方向进行了展望。展开更多
文摘Purpose： We present a systematic review of the literature concerning major aspects of science mapping to serve two primary purposes： First, to demonstrate the use of a science mapping approach to perform the review so that researchers may apply the procedure to the review of a scientific domain of their own interest, and second, to identify major areas of research activities concerning science mapping, intellectual milestones in the development of key specialties, evolutionary stages of major specialties involved, and the dynamics of transitions from one specialty to another.Design/methodology/approach： We first introduce a theoretical framework of the evolution of a scientific specialty. Then we demonstrate a generic search strategy that can be used to construct a representative dataset of bibliographic records of a domain of research. Next, progressively synthesized co-citation networks are constructed and visualized to aid visual analytic studies of the domain＇s structural and dynamic patterns and trends. Finally, trajectories of citations made by particular types of authors and articles are presented to illustrate the predictive potential of the analytic approach.Findings： The evolution of the science mapping research involves the development of a number of interrelated specialties. Four major specialties are discussed in detail in terms of four evolutionary stages： conceptualization, tool construction, application, and codification. Underlying connections between major specialties are also explored. The predictive analysis demonstrates citations trajectories of potentially transformative contributions.Research limitations： The systematic review is primarily guided by citation patterns in the dataset retrieved from the literature. The scope of the data is limited by the source of the retrieval, i.e. the Web of Science, and the composite query used. An iterative query refinement is possible if one would like to improve the data quality, although the current approach serves our purpose adequately. More in-depth analyses of each specialty would be more revealing by incorporating additional methods such as citation context analysis and studies of other aspects of scholarly publications.Practical implications： The underlying analytic process of science mapping serves many practical needs, notably bibliometric mapping, knowledge domain visualization, and visualization of scientific literature. In order to master such a complex process of science mapping, researchers often need to develop a diverse set of skills and knowledge that may span multiple disciplines. The approach demonstrated in this article provides a generic method for conducting a systematic review.Originality/value： Incorporating the evolutionary stages of a specialty into the visual analytic study of a research domain is innovative. It provides a systematic methodology for researchers to achieve a good understanding of how scientific fields evolve, to recognize potentially insightful patterns from visually encoded signs, and to synthesize various information so as to capture the state of the art of the domain.
基金funded by the Carl and Caroline Swanson FoundationSupport was also provided through philanthropic support of the New Start for Student Veterans program by a private donor。
文摘Background:Evidence-based treatments for service-related health conditions such as posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD),depression,and traumatic brain injury(TBI)are not effective for all veterans.Equine-assisted interventions are emerging as an additional treatment modality,but little is known regarding the safe and effective delivery of these interventions.This study aimed to describe the following features of the body of literature concerning equineassisted interventions among veterans:1)veterans who have participated in equine-assisted interventions;2)specific characteristics of equine-assisted interventions in veterans;and 3)the specific characteristics of research on equineassisted interventions in veterans.Methods:We conducted a systematic mapping review of peer-reviewed literature reporting on equine-assisted interventions among veterans between 1980 and 2017.Searches of nine databases yielded 3336 unique records,six of which met the inclusion criteria and were reviewed.Data relevant to the study aims were extracted and analyzed.Results:Equine-assisted interventions among veterans disproportionately targeted psychosocial outcomes and yielded promising results.The detailed methods of EAI varied in the reported studies,ranging from communicating with the horse to mounted exercises.There was also great diversity in outcome measurement.The state of theoretical development regarding the mechanisms by which equine-assisted interventions benefit the veteran population is currently underdeveloped.Studies provided insufficient detail with respect to the description of the intervention,reasons for attrition,and the dose-response relationship.Conclusions:Scientific development of equine-assisted interventions targeting psychosocial outcomes among veterans is warranted to establish their efficacy.Targeted outcomes should be expanded,including outcomes more closely aligned with the nature of polytraumatic injuries.Future research must also emphasize the theoretical development of equine-assisted interventions for veterans and thoroughly describe the participants,components of the intervention,factors contributing to attrition,and optimal dose-response relationships.
文摘背景确立手法治疗中医骨伤科领域的优势病种,将对推动手法技术和骨伤科优势专科的发展起到促进作用,但目前其评价和筛选尚缺乏基于循证医学证据的量化评价过程。目的应用证据图方法,系统梳理手法治疗中医骨伤科领域疾病的系统评价,探索手法治疗中医骨伤科领域的优势病种。方法计算机检索Pub Med、Embase、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、中国生物医学文献服务系统、中国知网、维普网和万方数据知识服务平台,搜集手法治疗中医骨伤科领域疾病的系统评价,检索时限均为建库至2023-03-05,运用图表结合文字的方式呈现证据分布特点。结果纳入的126篇系统评价发表年限为2003—2023年,国内外相关研究数量总体呈增长趋势。方法学质量评价结果显示13篇为中等质量、64篇为低质量、49篇为极低质量。证据图显示,手法治疗中医骨伤科领域研究证据主要分布于18个临床病种包括颈椎病、腰痛、膝关节炎、腰椎间盘突出症、踝关节扭伤、肩周炎、颈源性头痛、寰枢关节半脱位、桡骨远端骨折、肱骨外上髁炎、腕管综合征、腰扭伤、脊柱侧弯、髋关节炎、纤维肌痛综合征、肌筋膜疼痛综合征、肩袖损伤、肱骨髁上骨折,呈现出有益或可能有益的效应。结论手法治疗在中医骨伤科的临床应用广泛,但由于方法学质量存在不足,并且缺乏安全性和经济性的研究证据,未来仍需多层级机构间联动合作,建立健全评价标准和体系,提高研究质量,更新研究证据,进一步探索手法在中医骨伤科领域中的优势所在。
文摘目的:采用证据图的方法,对近10年中医药治疗非酒精性脂肪性肝病的临床随机对照试验(RCTs)和系统评价/Meta分析进行系统检索和梳理,展现该领域的证据分布情况。方法:计算机检索PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、CNKI、CBM、Wanfang和VIP数据库,检索时限从2012年11月至2022年11月,纳入符合纳排标准的中医药治疗非酒精性脂肪性肝病的RCTs和系统评价/Meta分析,采用图表与文字结合的形式对证据分布特点进行分析。结果:共纳入RCTs文献636篇,系统评价/Meta分析文献27篇。RCTs文献发文量趋势总体较为平稳,研究疾病以非酒精性脂肪性肝病和非酒精性脂肪性肝炎为主。多数RCTs研究的样本量集中于60~100例。干预措施类别包括中药复方口服、中成药口服,针灸、穴位埋线、穴位贴敷、中药离子导入、推拿等中医外治法和保肝药、降脂药、降糖药等常规西医治疗方案。采用较多的疗效评价指标包括临床疗效、肝功能指标、血脂指标、中医证候积分、超声指标和CT指标。绝大多数RCTs文献未描述随机化的分配隐藏方案和未采用盲法。系统评价/Meta分析文献研究结果均为治疗存在潜在疗效,研究可信度分级均为极低。结论:中医药治疗NAFLD疗效肯定,但存在RCTs设计不合理、偏倚风险较高、样本量较小、缺少中医药主导的干预方案体系、疗效评价指标选择不统一和系统评价质量较低的不足。今后应重视RCT和系统评价的方法学质量和报告质量,探索中医药主导的干预体系,形成统一的中医疗效评价标准,开展大规模、多中心的RCT研究,为中医药治疗NAFLD领域提供更高质量的证据。
文摘同时定位与地图构建(simultaneous localization and mapping,SLAM)作为计算机视觉中的热门方向,在无人驾驶、移动机器人等领域中发挥着重要的作用。由于线特征在低纹理环境下的优势,越来越多的研究人员利用点线特征融合的方法提高SLAM系统的精度和鲁棒性。文中首先简要阐述了传统的点特征SLAM系统在低纹理环境下的局限性,并对现有的视觉SLAM综述文献进行了总结;随后,对经典的点线SLAM方案进行了介绍,并总结了点线特征融合在前端、后端、闭环检测中的研究进展;最后,对点线SLAM未来的发展方向进行了展望。
