Climate change has led to significant fluctuations in marine ecosystems,including alterations in the structure and function of food webs and ecosystem status.Coastal ecosystems are critical to the functioning of the e...Climate change has led to significant fluctuations in marine ecosystems,including alterations in the structure and function of food webs and ecosystem status.Coastal ecosystems are critical to the functioning of the earth’s lifesupporting systems.However,temporal variations in most of these ecosystems have remained unclear so far.In this study,we employed a linear inverse model with Markov Chain Monte Carlo(LIM-MCMC)combined with ecological network analysis to reveal the temporal variations of the food web in Haizhou Bay of China.Food webs were constructed based on diet composition data in this ecosystem during the year of 2011 and 2018.Results indicated that there were obvious temporal variations in the composition of food webs in autumn of 2011 and 2018.The number of prey and predators for most species in food web decreased in 2018 compared with 2011,especially for Trichiurus lepturus,zooplankton,Amblychaeturichthys hexanema,and Loligo sp.Ecological network analysis showed that the complexity of food web structure could be reflected by comprehensive analysis of compartmentalized indicators.Haizhou Bay ecosystem was more mature and stable in 2011,while the ecosystem’s self-sustainability and recovery from disturbances were accelerated from 2011 to 2018.These findings contribute to our understanding of the dynamics of marine ecosystems and highlight the importance of comprehensive analysis of marine food webs.This work provides a framework for assessing and comparing temporal variations in marine ecosystems,which provides essential information and scientific guidance for the Ecosystem-based Fisheries Management.展开更多
生态学代谢理论(metabolic theory of ecology,MTE)指的是生物的代谢速度随着温度的升高而增加,随生物个体大小(即生物量)的增加而异速增长。根据 MTE理论可预测异养过程与自养过程对温度的反应不同,低温对异养代谢的抑制要明显;而随着...生态学代谢理论(metabolic theory of ecology,MTE)指的是生物的代谢速度随着温度的升高而增加,随生物个体大小(即生物量)的增加而异速增长。根据 MTE理论可预测异养过程与自养过程对温度的反应不同,低温对异养代谢的抑制要明显;而随着温度升高,异养代谢升高的速度比自养代谢升高的速度要快。MTE理论可以对海洋浮游微食物网生物的代谢研究进行理论指导,用于解释一些低温造成的海洋浮游生态学现象,以及预测全球变暖的影响。多年来人们一直根据 MTE理论开展理论分析和实验检验,发现低温会抑制细菌和微型浮游动物的生长,并可以降低微型浮游动物的摄食率。春季高纬度海区的海水温度会抑制细菌的生长,而浮游植物则几乎不受影响,从而造成春季水华发生。温度和底物浓度是冷海(水温≤4℃)细菌生长率低的原因,但在永冷海(周年温度≤4℃的海区,包括极地海区和深海的大部分)中究竟是低温还是底物浓度限制了细菌的生长率仍被争论。全球变暖的预测认为本世纪海洋表层温度会升高 2~6℃。根据 MTE理论,温度升高对自养和异养过程的影响不同,围隔实验证明全球变暖将导致水华与细菌、水华与微型浮游动物的时滞变小,促进微型浮游动物对细菌和浮游植物的摄食,改变有机物质自养生产和异养消耗之间的平衡,使更多的物质和能量进入呼吸作用,使得生态系统变得更加异养。但在温度升高对海洋细菌生长效率和细菌生物量变化的研究方面,MTE理论还有一定的局限性,需要进一步的理论分析和实验检验。展开更多
基金The Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation under contract No.ZR2023MD096the National Key R&D Program of China under contract Nos 2018YFD0900904 and 2018YFD0900906.
文摘Climate change has led to significant fluctuations in marine ecosystems,including alterations in the structure and function of food webs and ecosystem status.Coastal ecosystems are critical to the functioning of the earth’s lifesupporting systems.However,temporal variations in most of these ecosystems have remained unclear so far.In this study,we employed a linear inverse model with Markov Chain Monte Carlo(LIM-MCMC)combined with ecological network analysis to reveal the temporal variations of the food web in Haizhou Bay of China.Food webs were constructed based on diet composition data in this ecosystem during the year of 2011 and 2018.Results indicated that there were obvious temporal variations in the composition of food webs in autumn of 2011 and 2018.The number of prey and predators for most species in food web decreased in 2018 compared with 2011,especially for Trichiurus lepturus,zooplankton,Amblychaeturichthys hexanema,and Loligo sp.Ecological network analysis showed that the complexity of food web structure could be reflected by comprehensive analysis of compartmentalized indicators.Haizhou Bay ecosystem was more mature and stable in 2011,while the ecosystem’s self-sustainability and recovery from disturbances were accelerated from 2011 to 2018.These findings contribute to our understanding of the dynamics of marine ecosystems and highlight the importance of comprehensive analysis of marine food webs.This work provides a framework for assessing and comparing temporal variations in marine ecosystems,which provides essential information and scientific guidance for the Ecosystem-based Fisheries Management.
文摘生态学代谢理论(metabolic theory of ecology,MTE)指的是生物的代谢速度随着温度的升高而增加,随生物个体大小(即生物量)的增加而异速增长。根据 MTE理论可预测异养过程与自养过程对温度的反应不同,低温对异养代谢的抑制要明显;而随着温度升高,异养代谢升高的速度比自养代谢升高的速度要快。MTE理论可以对海洋浮游微食物网生物的代谢研究进行理论指导,用于解释一些低温造成的海洋浮游生态学现象,以及预测全球变暖的影响。多年来人们一直根据 MTE理论开展理论分析和实验检验,发现低温会抑制细菌和微型浮游动物的生长,并可以降低微型浮游动物的摄食率。春季高纬度海区的海水温度会抑制细菌的生长,而浮游植物则几乎不受影响,从而造成春季水华发生。温度和底物浓度是冷海(水温≤4℃)细菌生长率低的原因,但在永冷海(周年温度≤4℃的海区,包括极地海区和深海的大部分)中究竟是低温还是底物浓度限制了细菌的生长率仍被争论。全球变暖的预测认为本世纪海洋表层温度会升高 2~6℃。根据 MTE理论,温度升高对自养和异养过程的影响不同,围隔实验证明全球变暖将导致水华与细菌、水华与微型浮游动物的时滞变小,促进微型浮游动物对细菌和浮游植物的摄食,改变有机物质自养生产和异养消耗之间的平衡,使更多的物质和能量进入呼吸作用,使得生态系统变得更加异养。但在温度升高对海洋细菌生长效率和细菌生物量变化的研究方面,MTE理论还有一定的局限性,需要进一步的理论分析和实验检验。
