Energy production based on fossil fuel reserves is largely responsible for carbon emissions, and hence global warming. The planet needs concerted action to reduce fossil fuel usage and to implement carbon mitigation m...Energy production based on fossil fuel reserves is largely responsible for carbon emissions, and hence global warming. The planet needs concerted action to reduce fossil fuel usage and to implement carbon mitigation measures. Ocean energy has huge potential, but there are major interdisciplinary problems to be overcome regarding technology, cost reduction, investment, environmental impact, governance, and so forth. This article briefly reviews ocean energy production from offshore wind, tidal stream, ocean current, tidal range, wave, thermal, salinity gradients, and biomass sources. Future areas of research and development are outlined that could make exploitation of the marine renewable energy （MRE） seascape a viable proposition; these areas include energy storage, advanced materials, robotics, and informatics. The article concludes with a sustainability perspective on the MRE seascape encompassing ethics, leg- islation, the regulatory environment, governance and consenting, economic, social, and environmental constraints. A new generation of engineers is needed with the ingenuity and spirit of adventure to meet the global challenge posed by MRE.展开更多
Due to the highly demand on the renewable energy sources as a free and a clean power resource, extracting energy from unsteady flow using marine and tidal current turbines has a distinct focusing nowadays. For their r...Due to the highly demand on the renewable energy sources as a free and a clean power resource, extracting energy from unsteady flow using marine and tidal current turbines has a distinct focusing nowadays. For their resource characteristic, extracting energy from marine/tidal current needs a simple and robust converter, which could overcome the drawbacks of the mechanical system such as gearbox and enhance conversion system stability. In this paper a new AC-DC-AC conversion system has been proposed. The new conversion system contains a middle stage DC-DC boost converter, which boost the generated rectified DC voltage higher enough that can enable the PWM inverter to generate the required voltage with the synchronized frequency. In order to investigate the efficient performance of the proposed conversion system especially at low current speed compared to the conventional one, different operating conditions have been studied. Moreover, the effect of including boost converter on the THD （total harmonic distortion） has also been checked. The new conversion system presents its capability to enhance and improve system performance not only with low current speed but also with high current speed.展开更多
The exclusive use of renewable energies is today an essential nautical concern. Nowadays, the onboard energy generation comes mainly from diesel oil, which is in user mind the simplest way. Our objective is to develop...The exclusive use of renewable energies is today an essential nautical concern. Nowadays, the onboard energy generation comes mainly from diesel oil, which is in user mind the simplest way. Our objective is to develop a self-adaptive management system of the onboard energy in order to change the user mind. We introduce models for energy production, storage and consumption that fit with the yachting environment, which is mobile and not as predictable as the home automation case. These models are combined within a configurable simulator. This simulator can handle user＇s boat equipment, reproduce sailing conditions and so help to validate the models and to study different management strategies. This first step is necessary to develop a smart system able to manage sailing energy in order to answer the main issue： assuring safety and optimizing comfort according to user demands.展开更多
该文概述舰船综合电力系统(integrated power system,IPS)的原理、组成、分类、特点与技术难点,介绍国内外工程研制情况,综述集成设计、大容量直流源及其并联组网控制、大容量直驱式电力推进、直流大电流开断保护、电力电子静止电源、...该文概述舰船综合电力系统(integrated power system,IPS)的原理、组成、分类、特点与技术难点,介绍国内外工程研制情况,综述集成设计、大容量直流源及其并联组网控制、大容量直驱式电力推进、直流大电流开断保护、电力电子静止电源、高密度储能、智能化能量管理等7项共性技术及我国技术研究突破情况。针对IPS在民用新能源船舶、电动及混动飞机、轨道交通、海上能源高效利用等推广应用实际需求,给出系统推荐方案,并提出各应用场景下还需重点研究的内容,旨在为IPS在多领域推广应用提供参考。展开更多
Essential Variables are defined as a minimal set of variables that explain the state of the system.They are crucial for predicting its developments,and support metrics that measure its evolution.The variables should b...Essential Variables are defined as a minimal set of variables that explain the state of the system.They are crucial for predicting its developments,and support metrics that measure its evolution.The variables should be relevant to meet requirements of stakeholders and be technically and economically feasible for systematic observation.A definition of Essential Renewable Energies Variables is proposed linked with their identification in several domains in renewable energy using a bottom-up and userdriven approach,and spanning over several years of documented interaction with stakeholders.Lists of variables are proposed in hydropower,solar,wind,and marine energies.It does not comprise the variables relating to social and economic aspects supporting decision making in investment nor those relating to civil engineering that are needed to erect a plant or farm.展开更多
文摘Energy production based on fossil fuel reserves is largely responsible for carbon emissions, and hence global warming. The planet needs concerted action to reduce fossil fuel usage and to implement carbon mitigation measures. Ocean energy has huge potential, but there are major interdisciplinary problems to be overcome regarding technology, cost reduction, investment, environmental impact, governance, and so forth. This article briefly reviews ocean energy production from offshore wind, tidal stream, ocean current, tidal range, wave, thermal, salinity gradients, and biomass sources. Future areas of research and development are outlined that could make exploitation of the marine renewable energy （MRE） seascape a viable proposition; these areas include energy storage, advanced materials, robotics, and informatics. The article concludes with a sustainability perspective on the MRE seascape encompassing ethics, leg- islation, the regulatory environment, governance and consenting, economic, social, and environmental constraints. A new generation of engineers is needed with the ingenuity and spirit of adventure to meet the global challenge posed by MRE.
文摘Due to the highly demand on the renewable energy sources as a free and a clean power resource, extracting energy from unsteady flow using marine and tidal current turbines has a distinct focusing nowadays. For their resource characteristic, extracting energy from marine/tidal current needs a simple and robust converter, which could overcome the drawbacks of the mechanical system such as gearbox and enhance conversion system stability. In this paper a new AC-DC-AC conversion system has been proposed. The new conversion system contains a middle stage DC-DC boost converter, which boost the generated rectified DC voltage higher enough that can enable the PWM inverter to generate the required voltage with the synchronized frequency. In order to investigate the efficient performance of the proposed conversion system especially at low current speed compared to the conventional one, different operating conditions have been studied. Moreover, the effect of including boost converter on the THD （total harmonic distortion） has also been checked. The new conversion system presents its capability to enhance and improve system performance not only with low current speed but also with high current speed.
文摘The exclusive use of renewable energies is today an essential nautical concern. Nowadays, the onboard energy generation comes mainly from diesel oil, which is in user mind the simplest way. Our objective is to develop a self-adaptive management system of the onboard energy in order to change the user mind. We introduce models for energy production, storage and consumption that fit with the yachting environment, which is mobile and not as predictable as the home automation case. These models are combined within a configurable simulator. This simulator can handle user＇s boat equipment, reproduce sailing conditions and so help to validate the models and to study different management strategies. This first step is necessary to develop a smart system able to manage sailing energy in order to answer the main issue： assuring safety and optimizing comfort according to user demands.
文摘该文概述舰船综合电力系统(integrated power system,IPS)的原理、组成、分类、特点与技术难点,介绍国内外工程研制情况,综述集成设计、大容量直流源及其并联组网控制、大容量直驱式电力推进、直流大电流开断保护、电力电子静止电源、高密度储能、智能化能量管理等7项共性技术及我国技术研究突破情况。针对IPS在民用新能源船舶、电动及混动飞机、轨道交通、海上能源高效利用等推广应用实际需求,给出系统推荐方案,并提出各应用场景下还需重点研究的内容,旨在为IPS在多领域推广应用提供参考。
基金The authors are acknowledging the support of the H2020 program through the ConnectinGEO project.This project was funded by the EU FP for Research and Innovation(SC5-18a-2014-H2020)under grant agreement n°641538.
文摘Essential Variables are defined as a minimal set of variables that explain the state of the system.They are crucial for predicting its developments,and support metrics that measure its evolution.The variables should be relevant to meet requirements of stakeholders and be technically and economically feasible for systematic observation.A definition of Essential Renewable Energies Variables is proposed linked with their identification in several domains in renewable energy using a bottom-up and userdriven approach,and spanning over several years of documented interaction with stakeholders.Lists of variables are proposed in hydropower,solar,wind,and marine energies.It does not comprise the variables relating to social and economic aspects supporting decision making in investment nor those relating to civil engineering that are needed to erect a plant or farm.
