Marine spatial planning(MSP)is designed to divide the sea area into different types of functional zones,to implement corresponding development activities.However,the long-term impacts of anthropogenic activities assoc...Marine spatial planning(MSP)is designed to divide the sea area into different types of functional zones,to implement corresponding development activities.However,the long-term impacts of anthropogenic activities associated with MSP practice on the marine microbial biosphere are still unclear.Yalu River Estuary,a coastal region in northeast of China,has been divided into fishery&agricultural(F&A)zone,shipping&port(S&P)zone and marine protected area(MPA)zone by a local MSP guideline that has been run for decades.To examine the effects of long-term executed MSP,benthic bacterial communities from different MSP zones were obtained and compared in this study.The results revealed significant differences in the bacterial community structure and predict functions among different zones.Bacterial genera enriched in different zones were identified,including SBR1031 in MPA,Woeseia and Sva0996 in S&P,and Halioglobus in F&A.In addition,correlations between some bacterial genera and sediment pollutants were uncovered.Furthermore,bacteria related to sulphide production were more abundant in the F&A zone,which was according to the accumulation of sulphides in this area.Moreover,bacteria associated with chemoheterotrophy and fermentation were more predominant in the S&P zone,consistent with high levels of organic matter and petroleum caused by shipping.Our findings indicated benthic bacterial communities could bring to light the anthropogenic activity footprints by different activities induced by long-term MSP practice.展开更多
Maritime spatial planning is considered a key instrument for the success of integrated maritime policy. MSP is therefore an integrated approach to address the conflicting and competing uses of ocean resources and spac...Maritime spatial planning is considered a key instrument for the success of integrated maritime policy. MSP is therefore an integrated approach to address the conflicting and competing uses of ocean resources and spaces in order to achieve the sustainable development of seas. This paper aims to access how governance models have been evolving with the implementation of MSP in Europe. The study compares institutional and legal frameworks in a North-South context, based on the case studies of Norway, Netherlands, England, Germany and Portugal and concludes that, although there are similarities in the legal frameworks developed to implement MSP, more profound differences arise on marine governance models and institutional frameworks, reflecting different political approaches and regional contexts.展开更多
The seas of northern Europe are strongly affected by human activities and there is a great need for improved marine conservation. The same region is also the current hotspot for offshore wind power development. Wind f...The seas of northern Europe are strongly affected by human activities and there is a great need for improved marine conservation. The same region is also the current hotspot for offshore wind power development. Wind farms can have negative environmental impacts during construction, but during the operational phase many organisms are attracted to the foundations and thereby may also find refuge from fisheries. Given the recent implementation of marine spatial planning in Europe and elsewhere, this is a critical time to address potential compatibility and synergies between marine conservation and wind power. This review concludes that offshore wind farms can be at least as effective as existing marine protected areas in terms of creating refuges for benthic habitats, benthos, fish and marine mammals. The degree of advantage for these organisms depends on the location of the wind farm and the level of imposed fishing restriction. Under certain conditions wind farms may even be more efficient means of conservation than ordinary marine protected areas. However, offshore wind farms can be negative for several species of seabirds, essentially as occupying preferred feeding or wintering grounds. In areas important to these seabirds wind farms may not comply with conservation. The results bring important messages to marine spatial planning as some but not all wind farms can be spatially combined with, and even synergistic to, marine conservation.展开更多
基金The National Key Research and Development Program of China under contract No.2020 YFA0607600。
文摘Marine spatial planning(MSP)is designed to divide the sea area into different types of functional zones,to implement corresponding development activities.However,the long-term impacts of anthropogenic activities associated with MSP practice on the marine microbial biosphere are still unclear.Yalu River Estuary,a coastal region in northeast of China,has been divided into fishery&agricultural(F&A)zone,shipping&port(S&P)zone and marine protected area(MPA)zone by a local MSP guideline that has been run for decades.To examine the effects of long-term executed MSP,benthic bacterial communities from different MSP zones were obtained and compared in this study.The results revealed significant differences in the bacterial community structure and predict functions among different zones.Bacterial genera enriched in different zones were identified,including SBR1031 in MPA,Woeseia and Sva0996 in S&P,and Halioglobus in F&A.In addition,correlations between some bacterial genera and sediment pollutants were uncovered.Furthermore,bacteria related to sulphide production were more abundant in the F&A zone,which was according to the accumulation of sulphides in this area.Moreover,bacteria associated with chemoheterotrophy and fermentation were more predominant in the S&P zone,consistent with high levels of organic matter and petroleum caused by shipping.Our findings indicated benthic bacterial communities could bring to light the anthropogenic activity footprints by different activities induced by long-term MSP practice.
文摘Maritime spatial planning is considered a key instrument for the success of integrated maritime policy. MSP is therefore an integrated approach to address the conflicting and competing uses of ocean resources and spaces in order to achieve the sustainable development of seas. This paper aims to access how governance models have been evolving with the implementation of MSP in Europe. The study compares institutional and legal frameworks in a North-South context, based on the case studies of Norway, Netherlands, England, Germany and Portugal and concludes that, although there are similarities in the legal frameworks developed to implement MSP, more profound differences arise on marine governance models and institutional frameworks, reflecting different political approaches and regional contexts.
文摘The seas of northern Europe are strongly affected by human activities and there is a great need for improved marine conservation. The same region is also the current hotspot for offshore wind power development. Wind farms can have negative environmental impacts during construction, but during the operational phase many organisms are attracted to the foundations and thereby may also find refuge from fisheries. Given the recent implementation of marine spatial planning in Europe and elsewhere, this is a critical time to address potential compatibility and synergies between marine conservation and wind power. This review concludes that offshore wind farms can be at least as effective as existing marine protected areas in terms of creating refuges for benthic habitats, benthos, fish and marine mammals. The degree of advantage for these organisms depends on the location of the wind farm and the level of imposed fishing restriction. Under certain conditions wind farms may even be more efficient means of conservation than ordinary marine protected areas. However, offshore wind farms can be negative for several species of seabirds, essentially as occupying preferred feeding or wintering grounds. In areas important to these seabirds wind farms may not comply with conservation. The results bring important messages to marine spatial planning as some but not all wind farms can be spatially combined with, and even synergistic to, marine conservation.
