River width and depth as key factors of diurnal activity energy expenditure allocation for wintering Spot-billed Ducks in the Xin'an River Basin

Rivers are important habitats for wintering waterbirds.However,they are easily influenced by natural and human activities.An important approach for waterbirds to adapt to habitats is adjusting the activity time and energy expenditure allocation of diurnal behavior.The compensatory foraging hypothesis predicts that increased energy expenditure leads to longer foraging time,which in turn increases food intake and helps maintain a constant energy balance.However,it is unclear whether human-disturbed habitats result in increased energy expenditure related to safety or foraging.In this study,the scan sample method was used to observe the diurnal behavior of the wintering Spot-billed Duck(Anas poecilorhyncha) in two rivers in the Xin’an River Basin from October 2021 to March 2022.The allocation of time and energy expenditure for activity in both normal and disturbed environments was calculated.The results showed that foraging accounted for the highest percentage of time and energy expenditure.Additionally,foraging decreased in the disturbed environment than that in the normal environment.Resting behavior showed the opposite trend,while other behaviors were similar in both environments.The total diurnal energy expenditure of ducks in the disturbed environment was greater than that in the normal environment,with decreased foraging and resting time percentage and increased behaviors related to immediate safety(swimming and alert) and comfort.These results oppose the compensatory foraging hypothesis in favor of increased security.The optimal diurnal energy expenditure model included river width and water depth,which had a positive relationship;an increase in either of these two factors resulted in an increase in energy expenditure.This study provides a better understanding of energy allocation strategies underlying the superficial time allocation of wintering waterbirds according to environmental conditions.Exploring these changes can help understand the maximum fitness of wintering waterbirds in response to nature and human influences.

Economic Analysis on the Rational Allocation of Agricultural Production Factors in Henan Province

Based on the population floating theory under the Ranis-Fei dual economic structure,this paper designs an econometric model to study the isoquant curve and production factor substitution law. Finally,through the empirical analysis of labor-capital investment in Henan's agricultural production,combined with the principles of isoquant curve model,this paper determines the labor required for a certain scale of investment in agricultural production,and concludes that the fixed assets investment in Henan's agricultural production is not fully utilized,and too much labor is transferred. And this paper makes the corresponding policy recommendations for Henan's macroeconomic development.

A study on the allocation of productive factors of Chinese agriculture

Chinese agriculture is undergoing a transformation process from traditional agriculture into modern agricultrue.This article discusses how land. labor, fertilizer, machinery etc. are used in agricultural production of different regions. reveals the influence of natural conditions and economic level on the utilization of modern agricultural factors. It proposes a system of allocation hoes of regional agricultural productive factors and points out the development stage and tendency of allocation of agricultural productive factors in different regions.

Effects of key growth conditions on endogenous hormone content in tillering stem bases,germination of lateral buds,and biomass allocation in Indocalamus decorus

Physiological responses and changes in growth of Indocalamus decorus Q.H.Dai under different ecological conditions are essential for further understanding growth regulation and adaptive mechanisms and establishing an evidence-based management system for optimal growth. In this study, the endogenous hormone content in tillering stem bases, germination of lateral buds, and biomass allocation of this bamboo species in different growth environments were investigated. Among the endogenous hormones in the basal stems of tillers, indole-3-pyruvic acid and zeatin riboside were highly correlated with lateral buds that germinated to form shoots, while gibberellic acid was highly correlated with lateral buds that germinated to form rhizomes. The best lateral bud germination characteristics were achieved with full sun, a density of six plantlets per pot, and watering every 6 days. I. decorus plantlets used different resource allocation strategies depending on treatment. Different ecological factors influenced endogenous hormones in the bamboo stem base,which affected lateral bud germination and biomass allocation.

Biotic and Abiotic Conditions Can Change the Reproductive Allocation of Zostera marina Inhabiting the Coastal Areas of North China

The relationships between reproductive allocation and different factors have been widely recognized for terrestrial plants, but scarcely for marine angiosperms. Focusing on the seagrass Zostera marina, we examined the change in biomass when it was partitioned to growth, vegetative propagation and reproductive allocation of Z. marina. We also evaluated the relationships between reproductive allocation and biotic and abiotic conditions in the coastal areas of north China. The results indicated that the reproductive allocation of Z. marina at the levels of genet, shoot and spathe was positively correlated with shoot characteristics such as height and biomass(P < 0.01), but was negatively correlated with branch number and leaf number per genet(P < 0.01). In addition, the allocation was also affected by other abiotic factors such as water column phosphate concentration(P < 0.05) and sediment total petroleum(P < 0.01). These findings indicated that both biotic and abiotic conditions significantly influenced the reproductive allocation of Z. marina, which may affect further the population dynamics.

Allocation Methodology of Multiple SVCs Considering Operation Scheme Changing

针对多静止同步补偿器（staticvarcompensator，SVC）对系统共同影响的问题，提出计及运行方式变化的多SVC布点方法。利用规范形分析，基于摄动方程2阶解析解信息建立拓展静态电压稳定边界的多SVC布点分析方法。首先根据静态电压稳定分析方法，确定系统危险运行方式（即距离系统电压崩溃最近的运行方式1；然后在该运行方式下，利用规范形方法对系统进行小扰动电压稳定分析，求出所有负荷节点的电压振荡曲线解析解；最后利用2阶解析解所给出的小扰动1阶振荡幅值和2阶振荡幅值信息，以多SVC布点多种方案对系统降低小扰动幅值的贡献为指标，给出多SVC布点结果。所提方法应用于IEEE30节点系统，试验结果表明，该方法相对于不考虑多点共同影响的多SVC布点方式，其静态电压稳定边界的拓展效果更好。

A Study on the Allocation of New Construction Land Use Indicators in Huai'an City

This paper makes a comprehensive analysis on the characteristics and influencing factors of regional allocation of new construction land use indicators,and determines the primary indicators from social,economic,external and internal factors.Using Delphi method and correlation analysis,this paper selects indicators and establishes evaluation indicator system.Using entropy method and AHP,this paper determines the weight of indicators,rationally allocates new construction land,and uses the actual data in Huai'an City for case studies,so as to provide a reference for land use planning.In addition,this paper makes a comparative analysis on the land use internal factors as important factors,in order to make the weight assigning more in line with the actual situation of construction land in Huai'an.

Literature Review on the Impact of Blockchain Technology on Resource Allocation Efficiency

With the rapid development of Internet technology,the importance of blockchain technology has become increasingly prominent.Faced with this situation,extensive research has been carried out at home and abroad.Through the analysis of relevant literature on blockchain in recent years,it is found that there are many research results of blockchain technology in medical care,finance,education,etc.,but its application in the field of resource allocation efficiency is rare.From the existing studies on the influencing factors of resource allocation efficiency in China,it is found that there are significant differences in resource allocation efficiency between China and some developed countries or between various provinces and cities of China.

Capital and Labor Allocation Structure and China's Economic Growth

Using sector-specific growth accounting method, this paper investigates the growth effect of inter-industry allocation of capital and labor in China. This paper has found that existing investment data are classified according to investment entities rather than user entities and directly using such data for the measurement of capital inventory of various sectors will seriously overestimate the capital inventory of tertiary industry and lead to distorted conclusions of "structural burden" of capital allocation and its serious violation of the principle of efficiency. By excluding real estate sector, this paper has found that after the 1990 s, inter-industry capital allocation had been generally consistent with the principle of efficiency and the effect of capital allocation structure is not significant. Our estimates also found that the growth effect arising from the inter-industry allocation of labor since reform and opening up averages 0.63 percentage points, which is significantly positively correlated with residual economic growth rate and residual TFP and demonstrates a decade-long "reform cycle." According to the comparative study on the effect of labor allocation structure of 37 other countries and regions, by 2017, the effect of China's labor allocation structure will continue to remain in a relatively high stage; between 2017 and 2023, structural effect will significantly diminish and deceleration pressure will rise swiftly; after 2030, the effect of labor allocation structure will linger in a low level stage, when economy is likely to enter into a stage of low growth rate. These findings will help us better assess future economic growth tendencies.

Cross-layer resource allocation based on potential game theory in multi-cell OFDMA networks

A cross-layer resource allocation scheme based on potential game(CLRA_ PG) is proposed for the downlink multi-cell orthogonal frequency-division multiple-access(OFDMA) system with universal frequency reuse.As a method to mitigate inter-cell interference(ICI),base station coordination has been considered.In the process of the objective function modeling,this paper adopts a pricing mechanism which not only maximizes the individual utility but also considers the interference to other users.Based on the potential game theory,the objective problem is converted to a potential function which can be easily solved.The Karush-Kuhn-Tucker(KKT) conditions and the iterative water-filling algorithm are employed to solve the constraint objective optimization problem.Moreover,extensive simulations are conducted to evaluate how the pricing factors affect the algorithm.At the same time,comparing with the traditional policy,our simulation results show that the proposed scheme can significantly improve the performance of the system.

企业高质量数字化转型管理:理论前沿

在相关领域理论前沿与企业实践的基础上,首先,基于数据生产要素和数实融合的中国数字经济原创思想及理论,按“基础理论—应用基础理论—应用理论”的科学研究递进逻辑,提出企业高质量数字化转型管理的研究框架;然后,归纳提炼出7个重要研究领域及关键科学问题;最后,通过与已有相关研究框架和结论的文献对话,论述该框架理论的学术价值和实践指导潜力,以期为今后的理论研究提供方向性指导。

技术进步偏向与要素配置对我国林业全要素生产率的影响

技术进步是促进林业全要素生产率增长的重要动力,聚焦林业技术进步偏向、要素配置与全要素生产率之间关系进行研究,为充分发挥林业技术进步的带动力提供量化支持,助力我国林业经济高质量发展。采用2005—2021年我国31个省(自治区、直辖市)面板数据,分别构建全样本及四大区域的超越对数生产函数进行实证分析。结果发现:技术进步偏向、要素配置状态是我国林业全要素生产率增长的重要引擎;林业全要素生产率增长存在地区差异,各区域全要素生产率增长率均有所下降,但下降程度不同;技术进步偏向并不总是促进林业全要素生产率增长,四大区域的林业技术进步在多数年份偏向于资本与林地;部分地区的林业全要素投入与要素效率状态未完全相适应,要素配置有待改善;技术进步、技术效率变化存在区域差异。在此基础上,从促进区域间交流合作、调整生产技术进步方向、改善要素配置、提高科技创新能力等方面提出促进我国林业全要素生产率增长的建议。

引入重要度修正因子的复杂光电系统可靠性分配研究

以某新型复杂光电系统为研究对像,针对传统评分分配法客观性差、分配偏差大的缺点,构建重要度修正因子,提出了一种引入重要度修正因子的可靠性评分分配法。首先,运用模糊层次分析法,得到功能单元对上级功能单元/系统可靠性影响的相对重要度;然后,基于相对重要度,按照专家评分规则,得到功能单元对上级功能单元/系统可靠性影响的绝对重要度;最后,基于相对重要度和绝对重要度,构建功能单元重要度修正因子,以此修正各功能单元的评分结果。经对比验证,关重功能单元可靠性分配值较传统评分分配值至少提高6%,引入重要度修正因子的评分分配法能有效削弱传统评分分配法的主观影响,释放关重功能单元可靠性余量,提高功能单元可靠性分配的科学性、合理性,进而提高复杂系统可靠性设计水平。

增值税减税能否提高制造业企业全要素生产率?--基于增值税税率下调事件的经验研究

深化税制改革是激发市场主体活力、加快制造业转型、实现经济高质量发展的重要路径。基于2016—2020年中国沪深A股上市公司数据,研究了2018年和2019年增值税税率下调对制造业企业全要素生产率的影响。研究发现,增值税减税提高了制造业企业的全要素生产率。异质性分析结果显示,对于市场竞争地位高、国有产权、处于成熟期以及高市场化地区的企业而言,增值税减税对全要素生产率的提升效应显著。渠道分析表明,研发投入、人力资本投入以及资本配置效率是增值税减税影响企业全要素生产率的主要渠道。因此,政府部门应继续深化增值税改革,缩小制造业与其他行业的税率差异,切实减轻制造业企业税收负担,同时应加大对民营、初创等弱势企业的财政扶持力度,全面提高各类企业的全要素生产率。

金融科技与中国制造业现代产业体系建设

本文利用2011-2022年我国30个省份的省际面板数据,探讨金融科技对制造业现代产业体系建设的影响,结论如下:(1)金融科技有利于促进制造业现代产业体系建设;(2)金融科技可以通过改善创新要素配置和缓解资本要素错配来助力制造业现代产业体系建设;(3)在数字基础设施更加完善、市场化水平更高以及银行数字化水平更突出的地区,金融科技支持制造业现代产业体系建设的作用更为明显。本文验证了金融科技对制造业现代产业体系建设的积极作用,为加速推进制造业高质量发展、更好服务于中国式现代化提供了理论依据和经验借鉴。

基层医疗资源配置与经济高质量发展的耦合协调及其预测分析

背景精准识别制约基层医疗资源配置与经济高质量耦合协调发展的因素,对于有针对性地推动两系统耦合协调共进至关重要。然而,当前鲜有研究深入探讨阻碍两者耦合协调发展的关键因素。目的 对比分析“十二五”和“十三五”时期我国基层医疗资源配置与经济高质量发展的耦合协调水平,识别障碍因子,并预测“十四五”时期两系统的耦合协调趋势。方法 于2022年7月—2023年5月,从基层医疗资源配置系统选取卫生设施、卫生人员数、卫生经费3个维度,从经济高质量发展系统选取创新、协调、开放、共享、绿色5个维度,最终选取17项指标建立评价指标体系,指标数据源于2012—2021年的《中国统计年鉴》和相应卫生健康统计年鉴。借助熵值法与综合评价函数测算“十二五”与“十三五”时期基层医疗资源配置与经济高质量发展的综合评价值,通过构建耦合协调度模型测算其耦合协调水平,建立障碍函数诊断与识别影响耦合协调发展的障碍因子,引用灰色模型预测“十四五”期间两系统的耦合协调趋势。结果 “十二五”和“十三五”期间我国基层医疗资源配置与经济高质量发展耦合协调度由0.15上升到0.68,整体呈逐年上升的态势,虽增速较快但层次较低。卫生设施、卫生人员数、经济共享与绿色发展是制约“十二五”与“十三五”时期基层医疗资源配置与经济高质量发展二元复合系统耦合协调水平的主要障碍因子。借助修正GM(1,1)预测模型预测可知,“十四五”时期基层医疗系统与经济发展水平系统的耦合度在1.00左右微浮动,整体处于高耦合阶段,耦合协调度由0.73上升至1.12,总体呈上升态势,相对发展度>1.20,处于过度供给状态。结论为赋能基层医疗卫生体系的可持续发展,建议秉承绿色、共享的发展理念,从促进系统协调发展、完善基层医疗设施条件和打通基层医疗人才输送路径等方面着手,推动两系统和谐发展。

基于多准则决策和博弈论的水权配置分析:以浙江省为例

【目的】水资源的配置是解决水资源冲突的一个重要途径。统筹考虑用水主体的社会经济发展和决策交互等情况,以期合理配置水权。【方法】以浙江省为研究区域,分别基于多准则决策来构建指标体系以及基于博弈论构建主从博弈模型进行水权配置,并联系实际情况对配置结果进行对比分析,探究两种方案的适用性。【结果】结果显示:两种方案总水权相同,博弈论方案用水总收益为65167亿元,较多准则决策方案的59649亿元提升了9%;两种方案在绍兴、金华和台州等城市的水权配置结果以及总收益十分接近,博弈论方案水权分配结果较符合各地区用水需求,多准则决策方案在衢州、湖州和丽水的水权分配远超其需水量。【结论】多准则决策方案在信息较少时可依据各项指标对水权进行粗略度量。构建的水权配置指标体系有其合理性,但定权及评价等还不完善,配置结果与实际需求存在差距。主从博弈模型能够有效调和不同层次的冲突,满足用水个体供水保证率,水权配置结果也更科学合理,可在一定程度上约束水资源的浪费和低效利用情况。研究对比分析了两种方案的水权配置结果,可为管理者进行水权分配科学决策提供一定参考依据。

国家创新型城市试点政策、数字要素集聚与企业数字化转型

选用2007—2020年沪深A股上市公司数据,以国家创新型试点城市设立作为准自然实验,考察了国家创新型城市试点政策对企业数字化转型的影响。研究发现:国家创新型城市试点政策显著促进了企业数字化转型,且转型效应在实践应用层面与底层技术层面存在结构化差异,实践应用层面是数字要素在政策驱动下实现转型的关键。异质性分析发现:试点政策对国有企业、科技企业、中小规模企业以及低市场化城市和大规模城市企业的转型效应更为显著。机制分析表明:试点政策主要通过数字化资本要素集聚、数字技能熟练劳动力要素集聚与生产要素优化配置发挥数字化转型效应,而底层关键数字技术的创新驱动作用尚未凸显。研究结论不仅为渐进有序推进创新型城市建设、实现中国企业数字化转型提供了经验证据,更为政府将城市禀赋资源导向底层数字技术创新,进一步推进数字化转型从以应用为主到以创新为主提供了政策依据。

数字新基建、要素配置效率与中国式农业农村现代化

基于2012—2021年中国30个省份面板数据,实证检验数字新基建对中国式农业农村现代化的影响及作用机制。研究结果表明:数字新基建对中国式农业农村现代化发展存在显著促进作用,且这一作用在东部地区、非粮食主产区和高科技投入地区更显著。机制分析发现,要素配置效率在数字新基建驱动中国式农业农村现代化过程中起到关键传导作用。门槛分析显示,在跨过数字新基建的单门槛和要素配置效率的双门槛后,数字新基建对中国式农业农村现代化的推动作用更显著。空间分析发现,数字新基建对中国式农业农村现代化的影响具有正向空间溢出效应。基于此,提出完善数字新基建布局、提高生产要素配置效率、实施区域特色发展战略的建议,以期为扎实推进中国式农业农村现代化发展提供参鉴。

数据要素应用与企业创新效应——来自中国A股上市公司的经验证据

数据要素作为数字经济时代的核心生产要素,是驱动企业创新的新引擎。基于数据要素的多重异质属性,界定了企业层面数据要素应用的核心内涵,从数据资源、数据应用过程、数字技术和数字业务支撑系统四个维度筛选关键词,通过文本分析测度了数据要素应用程度指标,并以2007—2021年中国A股上市企业为样本,实证检验了数据要素应用对企业创新数量和创新质量的影响效应。研究发现:数据要素应用同时促进了企业创新数量增长和创新质量提升,该结论在内生性处理和稳健性检验后依然成立。机制分析表明,数据要素应用通过资源配置优化效应和市场偏好匹配效应促进企业创新量变和质变。基于环境动态性视角的进一步检验发现,数字基础设施环境优化会强化数据要素驱动企业创新量变,制度环境改善和技术更迭能同时激发数据要素引领企业创新的量变和质变。