Numerical Study on the Effects of Contraction Ratio in a Two-Phase Flow Injection Nozzle

The Euler-Euler numerical method was used to investigate the effects of contraction ratio on twophase flow mixing with mass transfer in the flow injection nozzle. The geometric shape of the nozzle was modified to improve carbonation efficiency. A gas inlet hole was created to increase the flow mixing of CO2 with water. A nozzle throat was also introduced to increase the gas dissolution by increasing flow rates. Various contraction ratios of nozzle throat, inlet gas and liquid velocities, and gas bubble sizes were employed to determine their effects on gas hold-up, gas concentration, and mass transfer coefficient. Results revealed that the flow injection nozzle with high contraction ratios improved carbonation because of high gas hold-up. Gas concentration was directly related to contraction ratio and gas flow velocities. Carbonation reduced when high liquid velocities and large gas bubbles were employed because of inefficient flow mixing. This study indicated that flow injection nozzle with large contraction ratios were suitable for carbonation because of their ability to increase gas hold-up, gas concentration, and mass transfer coefficient.

3D couette flow of dusty fluid with transpiration cooling

The couette dusty flow between two horizontal parallel porous flat plates with transverse sinusoidal injection of the dusty fluid at the stationary plate and its corresponding removal by constant suction through the plate in uniform motion was analyzed. Due to this type of injection velocity the dusty flow becomes 3D. Perturbation method is used to obtain the expressions for the velocity and temperature fields of both the fluid and dust. It was found that the velocity profiles of both the fluid and dust in the main flow direction decrease with the increase of the mass concentration of the dust particles, and those in cross flow direction increase with an increase in the mass concentration of the dust particles up to the middle of the channel and thereafter decrease with increase in mass concentration of the dust particles. The skin friction components Tx and Tz in the main flow and transverse directions respectively increase with an increase in the mass concentration of the dust particles (or) injection parameter. The heat transfer coefficient decreases with the increase of the injection parameter and increases with the increase in the mass concentration of the dust particles.

利用铅同位素比值判断丹参不同产地来源

建立了用微柱流动注射与电感耦合等离子体质谱联用的铅同位素比值测量方法。利用铅与 5 磺基 8 羟基喹啉的螯合反应在线分离测定丹参样品中的铅同位素比值 ,并利用铅同位素比值的分布进行中药丹参产地来源的研究。实验结果表明 ,相同地区来源的丹参样品其铅同位素比值分布相对集中 ,而不同地区来源的丹参 ,铅的同位素比值则有明显的区别。因此 。

水平井筒射孔完井变质量流动压降规律

影响水平井产能和向井入流剖面的因素很多,水平井筒沿程压降是其中一个重要因素。结合水平井筒生产实际,在大庆多相流试验环道基础上,设计了壁面注入系统和变质量流动试验段,针对射孔水平井筒变质量流动规律进行了单相和两相变质量流动试验研究。结果表明,单相水平井筒沿程压降随注入比变化,并且存在临界注入比,当注入比超过临界注入比时,压降随着注入比增加显著。进一步的数值模拟研究揭示了其中的原因:当超过临界注入比后,射孔孔眼下游出现流动分离,混合压降开始起作用,从而引起压降的显著增加。油水两相变质量流动除了受注入比影响外,还受到含水率变化的影响,在高流量条件下,40%含水率时压降最高,流型为分散流型;低流量下,压降随含水率变化不大,流型为分层流型。该研究结果对完井设计有一定指导意义。

机掘工作面旋转屏蔽射流通风流场特性数值分析

为了改善机掘工作面作业环境,满足生产安全的要求,根据现场实际情况,建立了掘进工作巷道风流流场数学模型,利用Fluent软件对旋转屏蔽射流通风流场特性进行了初步的数值模拟研究,从速度矢量和压力流场方面分析了不同喷射倾角和吹吸流量比对风流流场的影响,研究结果表明,当倾角α=75°,吹吸流量比在β=0.8～1.2范围内,该旋转风流流场控尘效果较好.研究结果能为煤矿掘进工作面通风参数的选择和优化提供理论依据,具有一定的理论研究价值和现场指导意义。

倾斜等直径长管中气粉两相流粉粒速度的理论计算

根据质量、动量和能量守恒等基本原理,建立了描述倾斜等直径长管中气粉两相流行为的一阶常微分方程组.数值计算结果表明:粉粒终速随管长增加而增大,粉粒终速随粉粒密度或粒径增加而减小;在质量流量比(λ<0.7)较小时,粉粒终速与质量流量比、管道倾斜角α无关.

前缘射流对涡轮导叶吸力面多排气膜孔冷却特性的影响

为了研究前缘射流对吸力面多排气膜孔下游冷却特性的影响,在跨声速风洞中进行了实验并采用热电偶获得了气膜冷却效率和换热系数。叶栅进口雷诺数为2.0×10^(5)~4.0×10^(5),出口等熵马赫数为0.95,叶栅前的湍流度<5%。前缘布置6排对冲圆柱孔,质量流量比为2.00%~3.71%,吸力面布置4排圆柱孔,质量流量比为2.02%~3.74%。实验结果表明:在没有前缘射流时,吸力面的气膜冷却效率随质量流量比增大先升高后下降,存在前缘射流时,质量流量比对气膜冷却效率的影响较小。对所有的工况而言,质量流量比增大都提高了吸力面的换热系数。相比于没有前缘射流的工况,前缘射流显著提高了吸力面孔排附近区域的气膜冷却效率并略微降低了换热系数;在吸力面后半段,前缘射流显著提高了换热系数而对气膜冷却效率影响较小。总的来说,前缘射流改善了吸力面孔排附近区域的冷却效果,但是恶化了吸力面后半段区域的冷却效果。

基于吸气喷液的制冷系统热力性能理论研究

吸气喷液是降低压缩机排气温度的有效手段,通过建立制冷系统热力循环计算模型,研究基于吸气喷液的制冷系统热力学状态,以制冷剂R410A为工质,分析在不同工况下热力性能随喷液流量比例的变化趋势。计算结果表明,当喷液流量比例增加到5%时,排气温度平均降低幅度为9℃,功率、制冷量和COP值分别平均下降0.4%、0.6%和0.3%;若蒸发温度增加,功率呈先上升后下降的趋势,蒸发温度每增加5℃,排气温度平均降低幅度为4.5℃,制冷量、COP值分别平均增加17.6%、16.9%;冷凝温度每降低5℃,排气温度平均降低幅度为8℃,功率平均下降11.3%,制冷量、COP值分别平均增加6%、17.9%。

并联补气旋转压缩机性能的研究

对R410A并联补气旋转式压缩机循环进行热力学分析,分析结果表明,随着辅、主容积比的变化,并联补气旋转式压缩机的性能先增大后减小,在典型制冷/制热工况下,较优容积比为0.1。搭建了样机及性能测试系统,样机试验表明,制冷工况下,COP最大提升7.2%,制冷量最大提升15.9%;制热工况下,COP最大提升11.8%,制热量最大提升20.3%。相对补气量和主、辅路混合排气温度均在一定中间压力下出现拐点,此时辅路进气由蒸气状态向气液两相状态转变。通过中间压力调节辅路进气干度,使混合排气过热度达到5K以上,既使并联补气压缩机性能最优,又保证了压缩机运行可靠性。

前缘喷淋射流对导叶压力面冷却特性的影响

为了评估涡轮导叶的前缘喷淋射流对压力面多排气膜孔冷却特性的影响,在高亚声速风洞中进行了实验,获得了有无前缘喷淋射流时叶片表面的气膜冷却效率和传热系数。叶栅进口雷诺数(基于叶片弦长)范围为2.0×10~5~4.0×10~5,出口等熵马赫数为0.95,叶片前缘和压力面分别都包含6排圆形孔,质量流量比的范围分别为2.46%~4.57%和2.00%~3.71%。实验结果表明:在没有前缘喷淋射流时,压力面前半段的气膜冷却效率受质量流量比的影响较小,而后半段的气膜冷却效率随着质量流量比升高而增大。前缘喷淋射流使压力面多排气膜孔的冷却效率提高了20%~70%,并且使气膜冷却效率沿流向分布更均匀。不论是否有前缘喷淋射流,压力面的传热系数比都随质量流量比升高而增大,沿流向看,前缘喷淋射流提高了压力面前缘和尾缘区域的传热系数比而对压力面中间区域影响较小。